60. Прежде 1431 г. Его же поучение о важности священного сана и обязанностях священнослужителей

From the manuscript of the Synodal Library No. 562, l. 282–294. It was published in “Additions to Historical Acts”, vol. I, No. 181, according to the list with modern (XV) centuries. amendments that are not always successful. The most important discrepancies in this edition are listed with the letter A. Photius, Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Rus', to the entire priestly and monastic rank, about the great priesthood of God, as far as heaven is distant from earth, so far is the sacred sacrament of Christ from any higher rank 2434 than the worldly; which the priest performs sacredly with his hands, which is also terrible and terrible by the angel himself For the blessed Prophets were the eyes of us, the hidden things were revealed to us, for the sake of life 2435, for the sake of the appearance 2436, for the sake of the invasion of the Holy Spirit: and 2437 who was not in words, but also in the last generation, desiring to be a great vision and deed, having written, and also the hedgehog of the Son of God for the sake of the fleshly coming of the world, who preached from The Nativity of the Most Pure Mother of God Mary, and the hedgehog's stay with people, and the creation of the pack of being to the first generation. 2438 See then how varied is the wisdom of our Creator Christ the Lord! I was crushed in ancient times 2439 to find him my image from sin and the god-like dignity, putting aside the likeness 2440, and transform this from now on, so that I have raised us to the first goodness, and even more to this greater one, and from now on all our nature without destruction, and like the Jews made us for ourselves; and for this reason it is fitting to be like Judes, a head like Christ, who became incarnate into humanity through the divine incarnation, and with this communion he first performed for himself 2441 at the Last Supper, giving his own sacred body and his blood for food and drink to the Apostles, as an image for all believers, receiving bread and wine and translating this into his flesh by the sacred and divine Spirit, and to the same height 2442 and invincible glory our humble nature was lifted up by the philanthropist Creator 2443 our Lord Christ: for he gave rich things to his disciples and Apostles, entrusted them with his work to act, and ordained them, like other gods and sedatelekh 2444, by the action of the omnipotent Spirit able to create great divine powers [and] deeds; and the Apostles were honored with this, and captured the universe and enlightened the understanding of God 2445, and betrayed the law and the priesthood, and strengthened the church. 2446 And we are from these the successors of that great priesthood of God - and oh, a miracle, horror is filled about them! Christ has transformed the bread and wine into the divine body, and we have received man from the stench and death, and for the sake of divine baptism, the son of God and as God by the grace of the co-dealer, and the power and power of such, above reason, hand over the work [and] the work 2447, which is the work of God alone: ​​he commanded us to forgive human sins. And this, O priests, brings to us the God-created grace and power of Christ, by the power of the Holy Spirit, the power of the Holy Spirit is greater than for us to act, earthly and corruptible future 2448, to bind the sins of men on earth, and to release from earth 2449 the power of those in heaven: and therefore, O priests, horror about this comes upon me and surprises my mind. 2450 how this great mystery handed down to us from the Lord 2451, and terrible, and glorious, and unattainable by an angel, of this great priesthood, more than the mind and the word and the meaning of any, surpasses the human mind 2452 and stories, and horrifies every ear. And not only in our last generation 2453 did this happen, but also the Jewish priesthood of ancient times was the image of a shadow and canopy: ours is not like a canopy 2454, but we stand priestly before the great heavenly King himself, and always has his life-giving omnipotent divine body and honest blood in his hand; and they then of old, in the canopy, served with the slaughter and blood of dumb cattle, cleansing not the soul, but the bodily stench and filth, and then, before the canopy, the ceiling of ours is clear to me, as much as the earth is from heaven. And both Nadab 2455 and Abihu, the sons of Aaron and the priests, who once committed lawlessness in the canopy, began to burn God with the fire of God, lawlessly, bringing condemnation before their feet, and the devouring of that fire was in vain; and therefore their father Aaron was pleased to quickly plead for them and save them. And just like Aaron, he himself was the first chosen by God from other 2456 priests, who was appointed by God according to Moses the second, and little bit infected with God, this life as if separated from the disease; nor could Moses, his brother, beg him from such an adventure. The same Eli, a priest and a priest, for this reason, is himself a good son and blameless 2457, but for the sake of his children, the mountaineer passed away iniquity from this temporary life with a fierce death 2458; and the same belly is the same; But because of the increase from hearing the people, Eli only forbade his children with words about lawlessness, and not cruelly, like me, having mercy on them, and not punishing them with wounds, like his father, according to his inheritance, and for their sake, Eli himself accepted grief for the sake of lawlessness, and persecuted his belly in vain. 2459 And this, O 2460 priests, behold, how shall we not be horrified? For just as those of old before the 2461 canopy performed the service of behu, we, since we have always held the very body of Christ in our hand and were born into sonship by the Holy Spirit, and for this reason, even if 2462 in Christ we do not strictly observe the priesthood, as it should be, and will we be worthy of such torment and torment? 2463 And for this reason, O Lord's priests 2464, see what kind of intercessors it is for us to be, sent to the King of Kings for the souls of men, and what kind of priestly hands it is proper for us to be cleansed, who touch such divine mysteries, and who do not approach the heavenly powers with these! And 2465 above all else is the priestly hand: it is touched by divine coal. And likewise the divine 2466 priest, keeping his vessel clean 2467 , and the same divinely gilded 2468 Spirit, sanctified by Christ 2469 will be called a priest 2470 ; and if he defiles himself 2471, and suffers from colic, he will be guilty of torment! And the divine Apostle Paul terribly forbids every Christian not only about priestly bodies 2472, but also about all common faithful bodies, saying: “Do you not know that you are the house of God and the Spirit of God lives in you? and whoever corrupts the house of God, God will corrupt him.” And for this reason, this word is written about all the saints, more accurately about every person. And watchfully about this, priests, seeing 2473, instill in how hard it is for you to walk, and how those who confess are worthy of correction 2474, since the mistress of wealth has been entrusted to nature for the observance: and for this, for the sake of the terrible day and hour, watching about this 2475, when that righteous Judge comes to torture us all, like 2476 verified that there is 2477 talent for us: and for in Christ such a priesthood 2478 is not kept pure and immaculate, as it should be, and such will be guilty of great torture and torment! And this, beloved, the creative and God-creating grace and power of the Holy Spirit is visible in us, which we operate more divinely, understand, as from the holy Apostles we are the successors of such powers, and for these sakes, enlightened, and every day and hour, like children of the church, it is fitting for us to be chaste and reverent, and with the word kaci let us heal all kinds of illnesses of human souls. And understand, therefore, we must be, O priests of the Lord, as the great Dionysius says; For fear, clothe yourself with all virtuous power, teaching, in word and deed, striving for and elevating the Lord’s people to all virtue: “For it is worthy, he said, for the Lord’s priest to be pure, and thus to cleanse; there will be light, and thus enlighten; to be holy, and thus to sanctify.” And to us, then, above 2480, there is a word about this: “you are the light of the world, you are the salt of the earth, and if the salt becomes salty, then it becomes salty, and nothing can do that, but only be cast aside and trampled under foot from men.” And understand this, O priests of the Lord, as it behooves such a priest of the Lord to be pure and virtuous and as the image of all who have received such grace and power from God: always for the divine, and even more so as natural, to be an imitator of the future most graceful of Christ the Lord, according to his gospel to us, saying: “Be ye, he said, perfect, even as your heavenly Father is perfect.” there is." And for this reason, the Lord’s priests, let us each tempt ourselves with what fear and trembling to maintain the imams 2481 rank of that great priesthood of God, even though such an angel himself is a terrible essence and unattainable; those who are careless are like divine despisers, and careless slaves are, and are subject to eternal condemnation, according to Christ’s great gospel saying: “If a servant sins, knowing the will of his Lord, he will be beaten many times.” And for the sake of this, O Lord’s priests, carefully instill in yourself and about Christ’s flock, knowing this, that if only one sheep remains and becomes the beast of prey due to our negligence, and its blood will be consumed at our hands by the righteous Judge. And for this I pray to you, sober up yourselves, keeping yourself in everything and preaching the true words of the Gospel about everything, and according to the apostolic and patristic traditions, watching over yourself and shepherding the flock of Christ, turning away all uncleanness and worldly care and drunkenness from yourself, saying to the divine Paul: “drunkards will not inherit the kingdom of God.” And about this I am writing to you, the Lord’s priests, how to hold for you God’s church with all kinds of decoration, which is the earthly heaven, especially above the holy altar, and entering there with reverence; As you know, there is not an earthly king’s dwelling and place, but a heavenly King’s tomb, a reclining place, and a place: and it is not the earthly king who is reclining there, but the heavenly King and the King of those reigning, and around this being 2482 is invisible to the approaching heavenly powers. And I am writing all this to you, how difficult it is for you to walk and how clean it is to always be, sobered from all uncleanness and drunkenness, having your hands thoroughly cleansed, for they are like mites, touched by divine coal. Be careful, then, if you want to approach the divine mystery of Christ's service, 2483 with all reverence, in three days, or two, out of weakness, prepare yourself cleanly, without any drunkenness and overeating, and thus prepare yourself with all purity; and at the evening of that day there will be no drink in you; That whole night we must be in glorification of everything that is to come to God, with worship, and until morning; At morning, I will not go to sleep, but stand before God in prayers and psalms, and thus, having corrected all the faithful rules, according to the faithful rules, I will approach the holy altar and the divine most pure immortal Christ mysteries of the Lamb of the Son of God, who gave himself for the pasture and did not spare, to his life-giving body and most pure blood. And look at this at great length, O priests of the Lord, so that you do not disqualify these most pure ones with their abominable and nasty lips, whose lips are from drunkenness, and whose lips are not approached by the divine angels themselves, but from them we give into our hands and we administer these divine sacraments of Christ; and you know about these, who “without judging Christ’s body and life-giving blood, eat and drink in judgment for themselves”; and be mindful of this, O priests of the Lord, and be mindful, and when you have performed Christ’s service and received Christ’s mysteries, 2484 pass on that day in all purity, and in the same way on other days, keeping the sacred in your body. And for this reason, for the sake of all of these, look outside, see how difficult it is for you to walk, and according to this last time, how to correct those who confess to you 2485, correcting yourself well before God and people, looking at how well it is worthy for the spiritual shepherds to arrange the entrusted flock of Christ’s sheep: “look, as the Scripture says, according to this last time, look at the dogs who told the sorcerer and Magi, behold the covetous"; Paul 2486 says about these: “such 2487, speaking, do not work for our Lord Jesus Christ, but for their own destruction, and from 2488 vain delusion the soul is deceived and deceived by God.” My hearing, which some of you are, are called Christians in words, but deeds seem not to exist, about the copulation of marriages from the Church of God with wives, and it destroys that law of God and casts down wives, without any proper reasoning of the saint, and clings to other unlawful wives, and the Word of Christ of the Gospel comes into oblivion, which speaks Christ: “said a man to leave his father and mother and cleave to his wife, and both will become one flesh.” And again Christ said: “God has counted, and let not man separate.” And for this reason, if there are such in you who destroy lawful copulation, and do not seek reasoning according to the rules from the Church of God, which is dedicated to the saint on what things are right to separate, and who in you do not seek this reasoning, but by themselves destroy lawful copulation and associate with illegal marriage, and about 2489 of such God's Church, according to the rules, as adulterers reads; and those who are such in you, punish them to return to the first marriage copulation, with repentance for the fall and with tears, whether a wife or a husband; and those who desire to know, but destroy the law of God, like adultery giving, and those offerings, do not accept them from the church and remove them from the church, do not give them dora, nor the bread of the Mother of God, until they turn back: for the divine rules forbid such fornicators not to give holy communion at the age of twenty, until the very end and hour of death, barely, according to his repentance and tears, before his reliable spiritual witnesses; Even if he is alive, I will never begin that lawless copulation. The same and even more so, I have heard, most dissimilar, dissimilar, even as the law of God, some scoffers, who do not want to copulate from God’s church, by the law of God, and take wives for themselves, but who act contrary to the law of God, others out of need and in vain and by the affectionate means of the evil one, take wives for themselves: and behold, this is by no means, as the law of God Destroyers and scolders, and these are subject to great worldly punishment, but spiritual punishment, as they are destroyed by the soul: you too remove these from the church, and do not give dora, neither the bread of the Mother of God, nor holy communion, until they have copulated in legal marriage with repentance and tears. And punish and couple with the taking of wives, as from the law of God it is prescribed by divine rules that every Christian husband should have one wife, and also a wife for his husband, until God wills to have one wife in this temporary life; and like many about these divine rules, the great speech of Gregory the Theologian: “The first, speech, is marriage, the law, the second, forgiveness for the sake of human weakness, the third, lawlessness, the fourth, wickedness, because the life of a swine is.” And of all these, priests, look: there would not be a third capture, and let there not be a fourth; Excommunicate such from the church, do not accept their offerings, do not give them food, nor; Bread of the Mother of God, no Holy Communion, until they are separated from those lawless marriages with repentance and tears. About this I am writing to you: instruct those who come to observe all holy fasts honestly and purely, with joy and thanksgiving, without sorrow and without disobedience; For now, you know, there is a great initial fast: for disobedience to the first food of Adam, the Lord himself fasted for 40 days, and Moses then fasted, and the law was also taken, and like the tithe of God for the whole summer, the holy quadrates of the show; the same Elijah fasted, and Daniel also fasted from the day of Quaternary, against the time of four years; and the divine Apostles legitimized this Pentecost to the Orthodox, even more honorably, Christ’s passion for us for the sake of the resurrection, and as if they had given this harvest to the faithful. For this reason, the divine Apostles fasted for the Dormition of the Mother of God. And the same God-bearing Fathers, who shone with Lenten grace, and committed holy fasting to the Nativity of Christ; and in sevens they also went to the holy Apostles for holy fasting. And between those times of salvation, all Christians [may they repent] for the unplaced and committed sins, and those times set up as cleansing ones, like baths, washing from defilements is meant to be a spiritual cleansing, to humble and crush oneself in tears and in fasting, and most dangerously to preserve oneself; and in those times of salvation, let every Christian fall to God, and with pure repentance come to you, spiritual fathers, and especially to those who are able to you, to skilled doctors, to heal every ulcer; speaking to all his entrusted 2491 flock, and raising them up against this, they are in no way ashamed to reveal their sins to you, to their spiritual fathers, even now it is a shame to have a single person, and there to be disgraced not before one or two people, but before the darkness of those angels and men, where the whole universe can see, and there all our deeds, as if in an image, will become revealed before the face ours, forever: there will be a time of judgment, and not purification, lower than confession, nor repentance of the hour, just as there is a higher time than the prophet David who said, “there is no repentance and confession there.” And for this reason, bring me to correct myself before God about everything in this short life, and always about everything in the future, for the day and hour of our separation are unknown: for that terrible day with reward awaits us; and for this reason, without any doubt or shame, bring me to the spiritual doctor, with warm tears, cleansing the only-begotten and immortal soul, and with such all kinds of spiritual corrections, always sober oneself to purity, with repentance and alms and tears, and unfeigned love among one another, which the great preacher Paul calls the top virtues, and according to the superiority of Christ to the Gospel word: “about this speech, everyone understands, just as my disciples are, if you have love among each other.” And also about all of these, priests, unhurriedly for the sake of time, I am writing to you in a little way, and about everything, let your spiritual vision be all about yourself and about Christ’s flock. And above Rekh about the great holy fast, the tithe of God for the whole summer, that God-chosen fast about observing everything cleanly and without drunkenness, on Saturdays and during the week, and on Colored Week, and on the Annunciation of the Most Pure Mother of God, in those days to eat fish; try to see off all the other days of that holy Great Lent with dry eating, and other days throughout the summer, keeping Wednesdays and heels with dry eating, sometimes even Monday, perhaps the great weeks after the Resurrection of Christ, and after the Nativity of Christ, and after the Descent of the Holy Spirit, and the weeks of Serkizov 2492, which are not supposed to be fasted, but throughout that entire week, eat meat. I hear in you, after the Resurrection of Christ, on the day of the Midsummer on Wednesday, you eat meat, and on the Introduction of the Feast of the Most Pure Mother of God: otherwise, that is, it was not handed down from God’s Church, it would not have happened; also on the Exaltation of the Honest Cross and on the Beheading of the Honest Head of John the Baptist 2493 not eating meat, but dry eating. And about seven more, priests, I write to you: without laziness, always and at every hour, hasten and baptize newborn children with prayer, so that some child does not die without baptism; If you do not hasten to baptize, you will be guilty of their death. And when you perform baptism, there would be one godfather for the male sex, and one godfather for the female sex, but there would be no two godfathers. And perform baptism according to the tradition of the holy Apostles: do not pour water on it, but immerse it in water in a tub, purely prepared for this purpose 2494, saying for the first immersion: “in the name of the Father,” and for the second immersion: “in the name of the Son,” and for the third: “and the Holy Spirit,” and then anoint it with the great myrrh. And for this reason, for all of these, priests, I am writing to you, to teach you everything about yourself and about Christ’s flock, to do the will of Christ 2495, decorating the rank of God’s great priesthood, as it is worthy. Look at this, below fear for the sake of man, below violence for the sake of which, below bribes, below love for the sake of some human beings, below watching thunderstorms, nor majesty and temporary addiction: the message of Christ himself, the Prophet said: “O son of man, I have made you an overseer for the house of Israel, and you will hear punishment from me, and you will punish them; and unless you forbid them, I will require their blood at your hands”; the same about shepherds who neglect the flocks entrusted to them: “and I will require those sheep from them.” And whenever, O priests, the Lord comes in His glory to such torment, to torture us, and rejoices greatly over the shepherd and thus rejoices over the kept sheep: and for this 2496 sake, watch, I pray you, and have every confidence, O Lord’s priests, about yourself and about Christ’s flock, and from you and 2497 your image is a worthy correction everyone accepts it. Also about this, priests, I write to you: in God’s visits, in illnesses, when you anoint the sick with oil, you have chosen seven priests and deacons, and having blessed the oil with the Gospels and with the apostles, you anoint the sick; This is why the sick person is called second baptism, as the great preacher Apostle Paul writes about this: “If anyone is happy in you, let him sing; If anyone is sick in you, let him call the priests of the church, and let them perform a prayer over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord, and the prayer of faith will save the sick one, and even if he has committed a sin, and for the priestly prayer he will give himself to him and for the repentance of the sick one.” And how successful is priestly prayer: when Joshua wanted to take Jericho and was not able to, he commanded seven priests with the icon case 2499 of God’s covenant to go around the city, and the walls of the city themselves fell - and that is how hasty the priestly prayer is! And according to this, it was like this: but our priesthood is separate from that, as the earth is from heaven: for they: priests with the blood of cattle cleanse not spiritual 2500, but bodily filth, but we always have the Lamb himself, the Son of God, in our hand, his divine body and his honorable and life-giving blood. And for this reason, O priests, I pray to you, instill in you: for I do not grieve you about this, but I know it righteously, for according to the deeds of retribution they are due to us, and for this reason, if you are careless, do not apply cruel medicine, and the scabs will not be healed; and if I give you a shaved one, you won’t be able to bear it. And because there is crampedness from everywhere, there is even greater crampedness, even if you yourself and those like you who are the flock of Christ remain without correction: and because of crampedness there is 2501, for this reason, from our humility, you will receive punishment for your priesthood; and to this day, I am even more distressed than to hand myself over to you as the Judge of the righteous, as hypocritical and undesirable servants, but you know that it is terrible to fall into the hands of the living God, and that at the Last Judgment the Lord will reward the negligent with a terrible and threatening answer, saying: “Depart from me, you do not know where you come from.” And for the sake of all, O priests of the Lord, I pray your love, and with spiritual zeal, falling down, tremble and guard this terrible and formidable answer from the unprofitable Judge, who does not judge the judgment on the face of the one who judges, but who repays reward according to the same deeds, and about the seventh with this he will lead the flock of Christ entrusted to you, according to the saying word: “Behold, I and the children will give to me.” God"; and in the same way, O priests of the Lord, you observe this with fear and trembling and horror. And for these same things I pray, that in all your spiritual prudence you may guide Christ’s flock in all manner of deeds pleasing to God, according to the above word, which says: “Behold, we are the children that God will give us.” And with all of these I pray that you will receive this standing on your right hand: “You will come, ye faithful servants of God, to the joy of your Lord, for you have loved much,” and again you and your flock will receive the spoken word 2504, and the great word of Christ that says: “You will come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you,” which I pray for you all to receive by grace and love for mankind. 2505 about Christ Jesus about our Lord, to whom be glory and power, honor and worship to the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, now and ever and unto ages of ages, amen. for the sake of life there is, obviously, an incorrect translation from Greek, which could have been: διὰ τῆς πολιτείας. In authentic It goes further - superfluous. In the original breed; corrected according to A. Found in the original; corrected according to A. as well as their own kind of creators A - corrected. There is no enlightenment by God's understanding in A. Instead, the church was strengthened in the original text published in the Acts, corrected: and the church tradition laid down the law, which, by the grace of the Divine Spirit, by election introduced those worthy into spiritual leadership. The original is what matters. earthy and stinking future of A. but also in the last A - it was corrected incorrectly. ours is not like the shadow of A. someone added by name. in A. In the original from oineh; And from oneh. but for the sake of his children’s iniquity, the mountaineer died a cruel death from this temporary course of A. And for this reason, I myself received grief from God about their lawlessness, and in vain I persecuted A. about daring to the great spiritual authorities A. be careful about these things, keep your vessel clean A. having desecrated A and further - a series of dots, showing, as it were, a pass. prohibits this addition. in A. and watch out for this addition. in A. The original is more beautiful; corrected according to A. In the original the imam; corrected according to A. In the original to everything that exists; corrected according to A. and according to this last time, as those who confess to you from A. In the original time; corrected according to A. In the original taught; And handed over. Serkizov's week is the same as the week of the Publican and the Pharisee. Metropolitan Photius gave it this name, referring, of course, to the well-known Greek legends about the Armenian teacher Sergius (in Armenian Sarkiz), who established the famous fast of Artsivurius this week (See Ducange's Greek Glossary under this word). In the original and A is prepared. In the original of the soul; corrected according to A. In the original you eat; corrected according to A. In authentic well-pleasing; corrected according to A. To teach in the original; corrected according to A. You might be interested in: