Глава 5

Isa.5:1. I will sing to my Beloved, that is, to God, my Beloved, I will sing the song that His people should sing to Him. There will be grapes for my Beloved, - that is, God had the grapes, - that is, in a land flowing with milk and honey. Isa.5:2. And in his trenches, and did good to him, and punished him. And I fenced it in with a fence - that is, gave the law - and planted a chosen vine in it. these are the priests, the righteous and the Nazirites. And I will build a pillar in the midst of it And the gravestone of fossils in it it is the priesthood and sacrifices. And I waited, and let him create the grapes, and let him create the thorns. The Lord expected him to do good deeds, represented by grapes, but he did evil deeds, represented by thorns. Isa.5:3. And now they that dwell in Jerusalem, and the man of Judah...What more shall I do to my grapes, and not do unto them? The prophet says to the men of Judah and Jerusalem, or, better to say, God Himself through the prophet calls them to witness what was said, what He expected from the grapes, Isa.5:4. let him create grapes, and create...thorns, that is, he expected him to do justice, but he did lawlessness. Isa.5:5. I will take away its fence, and it will be plundered. Since the heart of the people has retreated from judgment and righteousness, I will take away from them the kingdom, represented in the form of a pillar, - and it will be a plunder from those who take captives: and I will destroy its wall, and it will be trampled underfoot, that is, I will take away the law that was his decoration and protection. Isa.5:6. And it will be trampled under foot the pleasures he loved will become painful and murderous for him. And I will leave the grapes empty, and whoever is not pruned will dig in below I will make it fall into desolation, because I myself willed it. and on it...thorns will grow up. The prophet calls sins and transgressions thorns. And “he will not be circumcised, he will dig deeper,” because I will no longer take My care for him. And we will command the cloud that no rain can fall on it, that is, I will forbid the prophets to speak a prophetic word to them. For by rain, in a mysterious sense, the prophet calls prophecy and knowledge of the will of God, and by clouds he calls the prophets who water us with heavenly rain. We see the same thing in other places. For example: “Let my message come down like rain” (Deut. 32:2); and again: “I will rain on one city, but not on another (one) city... and two and three cities will be gathered into one city to drink water and not be satisfied” (Am. 4:7–8), that is, they will come from one city to another to seek Divine verbs, and will not find them. Isa.5:8. Woe to those who copulate house to house. The Prophet threatens disasters to those who not only appropriate for themselves everything that is in the houses of the poor, but seek to take away the very houses, and add the houses of the poor to their own. And the village approached the village, that is, adding field to field, so that one is absorbed by the other, as it were, “so that there is no room for others, but for them alone to dwell among the earth and. Are you the only ones who will occupy all the places, both inside and outside, both near and far?” Isa.5:9. Having been heard in the ears of the Lord the cries of the robbed poor who cry out at us. Isa.5:11. Woe to those who rise in the morning and drink strong drink, who wait for the evening in wine, that is, those who spend their time from morning to evening in drunkenness and rejoicing. Isa.5:12. They do not look at the works of the Lord, that is, they do not pay attention to the disasters sent down on them by God. Isa.5:14. And expand hell your soul, - to devour those perishing from hunger and thirst. And open your mouth, you won’t stop that is, the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and half the tribe of Manasseh. Isa.5:16. And the Lord of hosts shall be exalted... oh holy in righteousness, that is, righteous judgment, which is given to the oppressed and the oppressors, the robbed and the robbers. Isa.5:17. And the lambs will feed in their pastures, that is, those who were robbed and remained after the defeat will regain their possessions. And the rewarded ruins will be devoured by aliens, that is, the ruins of their houses, devastated by robbers and restored again, will be taken over by the poor. Isa.5:18. Woe to those who drag down their sins, for they are already long, and as... a belt on the chariot wheel of their iniquity. The Prophet calls those unfortunate who add sin to sin. Just as the end of a rope stretched far is not visible, so it is not visible that they will repent and stop sinning. Their sins are like a belt on a chariot wheel that has no end in sight. Isa.5:19. To those who say: let the Lord hasten quickly, so that we may see, may they draw near, and may the counsel of the Holy One of Israel come, so that we may understand. Let us find out what the Lord hid from us, let him clearly strike us with the punishment that he has determined for us; then we will understand what we hear. The meaning of this passage is the same as what was said by another prophet: “Alas, those who long for the day of the Lord are sore” (Am. 5:18). Isa.5:20. Woe to those who speak evil and good. The prophet threatens with grief those who are wise in wickedness and cunningly challenge the accuracy of the prophetic predictions; and at the same time he reproaches the people's judges, who judge wrongly, and call bad things good, and consider darkness light. Since they always take gifts, thereby increasing their property and indulge in wine and drunkenness, he adds: Isa.5:22–23. woe to the strong... to those who drink wine... to those who justify wicked gifts for the sake of them, and to those who condemn the innocent. And because in court they extinguish the truth, which is light, but their courts and decisions for the gifts they have taken bow to darkness; Isa.5:24. For this reason, as stubble is consumed by fire, so they will be destroyed by the flame that touches them, their root will be like dust, and their flower will arise like dust. For their wickedness they will be destroyed by Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria, just as fire consumes stubble. Isa.5:26. And he will set up a sign among the nations, that Tiglath-pileser should come with his people and take them captive. Isa.5:27. They will not be hungry, they will not be weary, they will not slumber, they will not sleep, they will not untie their belts from their loins, nor will the thongs of their boots come loose. The prophet said this with the intention of arousing jealousy in the Israelites and shaming them, because the very same benefits that they enjoyed in the desert, where their clothes did not wear out and the straps of their boots did not break, are now being shown not to them by the Lord, but to their captors. Isa.5:29. Roaring them like an ardent lion and lioness, he roars... and grabs the prey. Isa.5:30. And he will cry out at them like the sound of a troubled sea. And the light will darken in their darkness. Perhaps, of course, here God Himself is expressing His wrath against them through the nations who will subsequently invade the Jews. You might be interested in: