8. Дальнейшая судьба прп. Паисия и П. Калнышевского. Предсказание «венца»

As we know, the end of the Russian-Turkish war had an ambiguous impact on the fate of St. Paisiy Velichkovsky, and his ktitor Peter Kalnyshevsky. After the signing of peace between Turkey and Russia, the part of Bukovina, where the Dragomirny Monastery was located, came under the rule of Catholic Austria. In this regard, not wanting to remain under the rule of the Catholic power, St. Paisiy and his brethren were forced to leave their monastery in Dragomirna in 1775 and move first to Seka, and then to Neamts 92. The fate of the ktitor of the Dragomirn monastery, Peter Kalnyshevsky, turned out differently. During the Russian-Turkish War, for his heroism and courage, he first received gratitude from the Empress, became a Knight of the highest order of the Russian Empire - St. Andrew the First-Called, and also received the military rank of Lieutenant General of the Russian Army. However, after the successful end of the war, the Zaporozhye Sich was captured and burned by Potemkin’s troops, and Koshevoy Ataman himself was arrested. He had to spend about 25 years immured alive in a prison cell in a cold “bag” cell, without light, without the right to correspondence or communicate with anyone. Il. 15. St. Paisiy Velichkovsky (1722–1794) Historians described the place of imprisonment of the last leader of the Zaporozhye Cossacks: “This is a cave-like room of arbitrary shape from two to four arshins and from 1.5 to 3 arshins in width. A stone bench (a place for sitting and sleeping) is all its furnishings. The prisoner could not lie down, stretched out to his full height; he had to sleep in a half-bent position. There was eternal twilight in the room, it was damp and cold” 93. For more than 20 years, Peter Kalnyshevsky was released from his dark cell into the light only three times a year: on the holidays of Christmas, Easter and Transfiguration, so that he could attend divine services and receive communion. When the Koshevoy was transferred from the Spinning Chamber to another room, more than two arshins worth of sewage was left in the cell, which was not removed there during all the years of imprisonment. After sitting in a closed cell without light for so many years, he lost his sight; like a beast, he grew large claws and a long beard, all his clothes fell apart, and his caftan with buttons turned into rags hanging from his shoulders. He was able to be released only after a palace coup and the murder of Catherine II’s son, Emperor Paul I. By decree of the new Emperor Alexander I of April 2, 1801, he was released under a general amnesty and received the right to freely choose his place of residence. He was 111 years old. The last leader of the Zaporozhye Sich, at his own request, spent the remaining two years of his life as a simple novice in the Solovetsky Monastery 94. As it was written on his tombstone: “He died in 1803, October 31 days, on Saturday, 112 years old, a pious, kind death” 95. Il. 16. Image of the praying chieftain P. Kalnyshevsky on the Zaporozhye icon of the Intercession of the Virgin. 2nd half XVIII century Using the example of Paisius Velichkovsky and Peter Kalnyshevsky, we observe two images of Christian holiness, although they differ from each other, but have very much in common. Il. 17. Icon of the holy righteous Peter of Kalnyshevsky One of his last letters to Peter Kalnyshevsky dated March 18, 1772, Rev. Paisius, addressing the future martyr, ended as if prophetically with these words: Christ will build for you an eternal church, not made with hands, in heaven, for the decoration of the monasteries He will adorn your soul with an unfading crown, for the attire of the naked joys of Christ He will clothe your soul with incorruptible clothing and will grant you in His heavenly grace to eternally enjoy His Divine glory, and all these benefits we are yours pilgrims, with our ever-present even weak prayers, we are zealous to receive your greatness 96. Il. 18. Icon of the holy righteous Peter of Kalnyshevsky, approved by the Holy Synod of the UOC As already mentioned, by the decision of the Holy Synod of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church on December 23, 2014, taking into account the facts of popular veneration, Righteous Peter Kalnyshevsky was canonized as a locally revered saint (October 31 / November 13) 97. As for St. Paisius Velichkovsky (1722–1794), his veneration in Romania and among numerous students in Russia began soon after his death. Monk Parfeniy (Ageev), who visited Neamts in the 1830s, describes how, according to local tradition, they kissed the coffin of the saint revered here. Paisius, buried inside the cathedral 98. It is known that already in 1858, a service was held in the Nyametsky monastery with the life of Paisius Velichkovsky, compiled by the monk of the monastery Kallistrat. The relics of the saint are now kept in the cathedral of the Nyametsky monastery 99. In addition to the Romanian Orthodox Church, Rev. Paisius Nyametsky is honored by the Russian Orthodox Church. His canonization was carried out by the Councils of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (1988) and the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (1990). Memory – November 15/28. Il. 19. Portrait of St. Paisius, hanging in the front door of the archondarium of the Elias monastery he founded on Mount Athos Il.20. Portrait of St. Paisia from the Neamt Monastery Museum Rev. Paisiy Velichkovsky. Autobiography. Life. M.: Trinity-Sergius Lavra, 2006. pp. 161–164; Rev. Paisiy Velichkovsky. Life and selected works. Serpukhov: “Heritage of the Orthodox East.” 2014. pp. 237–239; Chetverikov S., prot. Decree. op. pp. 209–210. Gurzhiy O. I., Chukhlib T. V. History of Cossacks. Power - military - battles. K., 2012. P. 449. Ukrainian Cossacks: small encyclopedia. pp. 222–223; Shumilo S.V. Decree. op. pp. 376–377. Gurzhiy O. I., Chukhlib T. V. Vkaz. pratsya. P. 450. TsGIAC of Ukraine. F. 229. Op. 1. D. 166. L. 109–109 vol. MAGAZINE No. 88. Journals of the meeting of the Holy Synod of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church on April 23, 2014 // Holy Synod of the UOC. Official website. Network resource. URL: http://sinod.church.ua/2014/12/23/zhurnali-zasidannyasvyashhennogo-sinodu-ukrajinskoji-pravoslavnoji-cerkvi-vid-23grudnya-2014-roku/ (access date: 12/25/2014). Nyametsky Monastery today. Interview with the rector of the Nyametsky monastery, Archimandrite Benedict (Sauchuk) // Orthodoxy.Ru. Network resource. URL: http://www. pravoslavie.ru/guest/4772.htm (date of access: November 28, 2007). Parfeniy (Ageev), monk. A tale of wandering and travel through Russia, Moldova, Turkey and the Holy Land. T. 1. M.: Novospassky Monastery, 2008. P. 84. Nyametsky Monastery today. Interview with the rector of the Nyametsky monastery, Archimandrite Benedict (Sauchuk) // Orthodoxy.Ru. Network resource. URL: http://www. pravoslavie.ru/guest/4772.htm (date of access: November 28, 2007).