Letters 54-77. Letters not included in the collection

Letters to St. Ambrose of Milan are one of the most important sources of information about him and his activities, as well as about the political and religious situation of that era. A total of 91 letters have survived (Letter 23 is considered inauthentic). Letters not included in the collection may have been collected by the secretary and biographer of St. Ambrose by Peacock after the death of the saint. The letters are addressed to emperors, famous church and political figures, and Christian communities; important political and church issues are discussed. The letters in this collection can be divided into several blocks: - theological and exegetical (54-55, 62-69); - church canonical or ecclesiological (56-59, 70-71, from those not included in the collection - 5-9, 13-15); - letters dedicated to the fight against the Arians (75-77); - apologetic, dedicated to attempts to return the Altar of Victory to the Roman Curia (72-73, of those not included in the collection - 10); - political: about the arson by Christians of a temple and a synagogue in Kallinika (74; of those not included in the collection - 1), about the massacre in Thessaloniki (of those not included in the collection - 11); about the war against the usurper emperor Eugene (from those not included in the collection - 2, 3, 10); - letters devoted to the presentation of public events (76, 77; of those not included in the collection - 1): unrest in connection with the attempt to seize the basilica from the Orthodox community of Mediolana to transfer it to the Arians; the discovery of the relics of the martyrs Protasius and Gervasius; confrontations with Emperor Theodosius over the burning of the synagogue at Kallinika and over the massacre at Thessalonica. Important sources on the history of the Late Roman Empire, on the history of the Church and canon law are letters 56, 57, 58, 70, 71, of those not included in the collection - 7, 15. The largest message is a letter addressed to the community in Verzella (14 of those not included in the congregation). St. Ambrose talks about the personality of the bishop, and about Christian marriage, about fasting and virginity (against Jovinian), about the grace of the priesthood, about the qualities of a mentor, about wealth and acquisition, about laziness and work. French explorer J.-P. Mazières calls this message the “spiritual testament” of the saint. The order of letters in manuscripts (indicating the number of letters according to the Moorish edition) Correspondence table between Maurist and CSEL editions The fourth volume of the collected works of St. Ambrose includes his letters. The second part publishes books 8–10 of the collection of letters, as well as letters not included in the collection (Epistulae extra collectionem). All texts are presented in Russian translations. We confess You, Lord. In the second volume of letters to St. Ambrose of Milan included books 8–10 of his collection of letters, as well as letters not included in the collection (Epistulae extra collectionem) - perhaps they were collected into a separate collection after the death of the saint by his secretary and biographer Paulinus. In these letters, the addressees of which are emperors, famous church and political figures, and Christian communities, important political and church issues are discussed. Even letters to the saint’s sister Marcellina (epist. 76, 77; epist. ex. p. 1) are devoted to the presentation of significant social events: unrest in connection with the attempt to seize the basilica from the Orthodox community of Mediolan to transfer it to the Arians; the discovery of the relics of the martyrs Protasius and Gervasius; confrontations with Emperor Theodosius over the burning of the synagogue at Kallinika and over the massacre at Thessalonica. The letters in this volume can be divided into several blocks: – theological and exegetical (54–55, 62–69); – church-canonical or ecclesiological (56–59, 70–71, ex. pp. 5–9, ex. pp. 13–15); a separate block contains letters dedicated to the fight against the Arians (75–77); – apologetic, dedicated to attempts to return the Altar of Victory to the Roman Curia (72–73, ex. p. 10); – political: about the burning of a temple and synagogue by Christians in Kallinika (74. ex. p. 1), about the massacre in Thessaloniki (ex. p. 11); about the war against the usurper emperor Eugene (ex. p. 2, ex. p. 3, ex. p. 10). Some of the published texts are not letters and do not even belong to St. Ambrose. In particular, the “Relation” of the prefect of Rome Quintus Aurelius Symmachus (72a), the message of the Roman Bishop Siricius to various bishops about the condemnation of Jovinian and his followers. These texts are traditionally published along with the saint's letters, since St. Ambrose answered them, and in the case of the Relation, he quoted Symmachus quite often. Of particular note is the appeal of the Council of Rome in 378 to the emperors Gratian and Valentinian II. Authorship of St. Ambrose has not been established with sufficient conviction, but this text has been preserved in manuscripts with letters from the saint, being practically the only evidence about this council. All these documents are important sources on the history of the Late Roman Empire, on the history of the Church and canon law (56, 57, 58, 70, 71, epist. ex. pp. 7, 15). Of particular note is the last dated letter (396–397), addressed to the community in the city of Verzella (epist. ex. p. 14). In this greatest letter of his, St. Ambrose talks about the personality of the bishop, and about Christian marriage, about fasting and virginity (against Jovinian), about the grace of the priesthood, about the qualities of a mentor, about wealth and acquisition, about laziness and work. French explorer J.-P. Mazières calls this message the “spiritual testament” of the saint 1. In letters to St. Ambrose to the emperors you can find information about the emperors themselves, about the organization of government, and relations within the imperial court. Most of the letters to the emperors that have reached us are addressed to Emperor Theodosius I the Great (25, 74, ex. p. 2, 3, 8, 9, 11), four letters are sent to Valentinian II (30, 72, 73, 75), all three emperors: Gratian, Valentinian and Theodosius are the addressees of letters ex. With. 4–6 on behalf of the Council of Aquileia in 381. Only one letter to St. Ambrose, addressed to Emperor Gratian (epist. 12), although the treatises “On Faith” and “On the Holy Spirit” are dedicated to Gratian. To understand many letters, it is necessary to know the historical situation and the circumstances of their appearance. It is not surprising that a large research literature is devoted to letters (see: “Bibliography”). It should be noted which letters of St. Ambrose were not published by us: two letters from the Council of Aquileia, which will be included in the volume dedicated to the “Acts of the Council of Aquileia,” and the so-called newly discovered letter of the saint, recently published and translated into French by I.-M. Duval 2. Our edition reproduces the Latin text of the CSEL 3 edition, in which an attempt was made to reconstruct the author's order of letters. When compiling the notes, the publication Biblioteca Ambrosiana (1988) was also used, in which the letters were prepared by G. Bunterle 4. Translated letters and wrote comments on them: epist. 54–73, 75a-76, epist. ex. With. 1, 10, 13–14 – T.L. Alexandrova; epist. 74–75, epist. ex. With. 2–3, 5–6, 8–9, 11–12 – D.E. Afinogenov; epist. 77, epist. Siricii, epist ex. With. 7, 15 – N.A. Kulkova. The order of letters in manuscripts (indicating the number of letters according to the Moorish edition) 5 epist. 29 = Maur. 43 Orontiano epist. 30 = Maur. 24 Vaientiniano imp. epist. 31 = Maur. 44 Orontiano epist. 32 = Maur. 48 Sabino epist. 33 = Maur. 49 Sabino epist. 34 = Maur. 45 Sabino epist. 35 = Maur. 83 Sisinnio epist. 36 = Maur. 2 Constantio epist. 37 = Maur. 47 Sabino epist. 38 = Maur. 55 Eusebio epist. 39 = Maur. 46 Sabino epist. 40 = Maur. 32 Irenaeo epist. 41 = Maur. 86 Siricio epist. 42 = Maur. 88 Attico epist. 43 = Maur. 3 Felici epist. 44 = Maur. 68 Romulo epist. 45 = Maur. 52 Titiano epist. 46 = Maur. 85 Siricio epist. 47 = Maur. 87 Foegadio et Deifino epist. 48 = Maur. 66 Romulo epist. 49 = Maur. 59 Seuero epist. 50 = Maur. 25 Studio epist. 51 = Maur. 15 Anatolio, Munerio al. epist. 52 = Maur. 16 Anysio epist. 53 = Maur. 91 Candidiano epist. 54 = Maur. 64 Irenaeo epist. 55 = Maur. 8 Iusto epist. 56 = Maur. 5 Syagrio epist. 57 = Maur. 6 Syagrio epist. 58 = Maur. 60 Paterno epist. 59 = Maur. 84 Cynegio epist. 60 = Maur. 90 Antonio epist. 61 = Maur. 89 Alypio epist. 62 = Maur. 19 Vigilio epist. 63 = Maur. 73 Irenaeo epist. 64 = Maur. 74 Irenaeo epist. 65 = Maur. 75 Clementiano epist. 66 = Maur. 78 Orontiano Maur. epist. 1 = Extra coll. 12 Maur. epist. 2 = epist. 36 Maur. epist. 3 = epist. 43 Maur. epist. 4 = epist. 5 Maur. epist. 5 = epist. 56 Maur. epist. 6 = epist. 57 Maur. epist. 7 = epist. 1 Maur. epist. 8 = epist. 55 Maur. epist. 9 = Gesta conc. Aquil. Maur. epist. 10 = Extra coll. 4, Gesta Maur. epist. 11 = Extra coll. 5 Maur. epist. 12 = Extra coll. 6 Maur. epist. 13 = Extra coll. 9 Maur. epist. 14 = Extra coll. 8 Maur. epist. 15 = epist. 51 Maur. epist. 16 = epist. 52 Maur. epist. 17 = epist. 72 Maur. epist. 17a = epist. 72a Maur. epist. 18 = epist. 73 Maur. epist. 19 = epist. 62 Maur. epist. 20 = epist. 76 Maur. epist. 21 = epist. 75 Maur. epist. 21a = epist. 75a Maur. epist. 22 = epist. 77 Maur. epist. 23 = Extra coll. 13 Maur. erist. 24 = epist. 30 Maur. epist. 25 = epist. 50 Maur. epist. 26 = epist. 68 Maur. epist. 27 = epist. 4 Maur. epist. 28 = epist. 6 Maur. epist. 29 = epist. 11 Maur. epist. 30 = epist. 12 Maur. epist. 31 = epist. 13 Maur. epist. 32 = epist. 40 Maur. epist. 33 = epist. 14 Maur. epist. 34 = epist. 21 Maur. epist. 35 = epist. 22 Maur. epist. 36 = epist. 23 Maur. epist. 37 = epist. 7 Maur. epist. 38 = epist. 10 Maur. epist. 39 = epist. 8 Maur. epist. 40 = epist. 74 = Extra coll. 1a Maur. epist. 41 = Extra coll. 1 Maur. epist. 41a = epist. Sirici Maur. epist. 42 = Extra coll. 15 Maur. epist. 43 = epist. 29 Maur. epist. 44 = epist. 31 Maur. epist. 45 = epist. 34 Maur. epist. 46 = epist. 39 Maur. epist. 47 = epist. 37 Maur. epist. 48 = epist. 32 Maur. epist. 49 = epist. 33 Maur. epist. 50 = epist. 28 Maur. epist. 51 = Extra coll. 11 Maur. epist. 52 = epist. 45 Maur. epist. 53 = epist. 25 Maur. epist. 54 = epist. 26 Maur. epist. 55 = epist. 38 Maur. epist. 56 = epist. 70 Maur. epist. 56a = epist. 71 Maur. epist. 57 = Extra coll. 10 Maur. epist. 58 = epist. 27 Maur. epist. 59 = epist. 49 Maur. epist. 60 = epist. 58 Maur. epist. 61 = Extra coll. 2 Maur. epist. 62 = Extra coll. 3 Maur. epist. 63 = Extra coll. 14 Maur. epist. 64 = epist. 54 Maur. epist. 65 = epist. 2 Maur. epist. 66 = epist. 48 Maur. epist. 67 = epist. 3 Maur. epist. 68 = epist. 44 Maur. epist. 69 = epist. 15 Maur. epist. 70 = epist. 18 Maur. epist. 71 = epist. 19 Maur. epist. 72 = epist. 69 Maur. epist. 73 = epist. 63 Maur. epist. 74 = epist. 64 Maur. epist. 75 = epist. 65 Maur. epist. 76 = epist. 16 Maur. epist. 77 = epist. 20 Maur. epist. 78 = epist. 66 Maur. epist. 79 = epist. 9 Maur. epist. 80 = epist. 67 Maur. epist. 81 = epist. 17 Maur. epist. 82 = epist. 24 Maur. epist. 83 = epist. 35 Maur. epist. 84 = epist. 59 Maur. epist. 85 = epist. 46 Maur. epist. 86 = epist. 41 Maur. epist. 87 = epist. 47 Maur. epist. 88 = epist. 42 Maur. epist. 89 = epist. 61 Maur. epist. 90 = epist. 60 Maur. epist. 91 = epist. 53 bon. coniug. 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Political letters and speeches / Trans., inlrod., notes by J. H. W. G. Liebenschuetz, C. Hills. Liverpool, 2005. Philonis Alexandrini Opera quae supersunt / Recogn. L. Cohn, P. Wendland, S. Reiter. 6 vols. Berlin, 1898. Symmaque Q. A. Lettres / Texte établi. trad. et commenté par J.-P. Callu. T. 1–4. P., 1972–2009. Blaise A. Lexicon latinitatis medii aevi. Brepols, 1975. Bartoshek M. Roman law: Concepts, terms, definitions. M., 1989. Kazakov M. M. Bishop and empire: Ambrose of Meliolan and the Roman Empire in the 4th century. Smolensk, 1995. Ambrosius Episcopus: Atti del Congresso internazionale di studi ambrosiani nel XVI centenario della elevazione di sant’Ambrogio alla cattedra episcopale (Milano 2 – 7 dicembre 1974) / Ed. G. Lazzali. 2 vols. Milano, 1976. De Gianni D. Un esempio di intertestualità virgiliana in Ambrogio (Epist. 9, 62, 28) / Vetera Christianorum. 2012. 49. P. 237–249. Duval Y.-M. Les Lettres d'Ambroise de Milan aux empereurs. Les échanges avec Gratien / Correspondances. Documents pour l'histoire de l'Antiquité tardive. P. 199–226. Girardet K. M. Gericht über den Bischof von Rome / Historische Zeitschrift. 1994. 259. S. 1–38. Gryson R. Le texte des Actes du concile d’Aquilée (381) / Scriptorium. 1984. 38. Henry N. The Song of Songs and the Lilurgy of the Velatio in the Fourth Century: From Literary Metaphor to Liturgical Reality / Continuity and Change in Christian Worship: Papers Read at the 1997 Summer Meeting and the 1998 Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society / Ed. R.N. Swanson. Woodbridge, 1999, pp. 18–28. Hunter D. Rereading the Jovinianist Controversy: Asceticism and Clerical Authority in Late Ancient Christianity / Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. 2003. 33:3. P. 453–470. Kamesar A. Ambrose, Philo and the Presence of Art in the Bible / Journal of Early Christian Studies. 2001. 9/1. P. 73–103. Klein R. Die Kaiserbriefe des Ambrosius. Zur problematik ihrer Veröffentlichung / Athenaeum. 1980. 58. P. 335–371. La Correspondance d' Ambroise de Milan / Textes réunis et préparés par A. Canellis. Saint-Étienne: Université de Saint-Étienne, 2012. Lassandro D. La controversia de ara Victoriae del 384 d. C. nell'età sua e nella riflessione dei moderni / Politica e cultura in Roma Antica. Atti dell’incontro di studio in ricordo di Italo Lana, Torino, 16 – 17 October 2003 / A cura F. Bessone, E. Malaspina. Bologna, 2005. P. 157–171. Malchiodi G. San Savino vescovo di Piacenza. Studio storico con alcuni appunti sulle origini e primi tempi della Chiesa piacentina. Piacenza, 1905. McLynn N.B. Ambrose of Milan: Church and Court in a Christian Capital. Berkeley: Los Angeles, 1994. Martini S.M. La lettera di Ambrogio a Vigilio: un esempio di “genus epistolare” / L’Anaunia e suoi martiri. XVI centenario dei Martiri d'Anaunia (397–1997). Trento, 1997, pp. 43–49. Nauroy G. Ambroise de Milan. Écriture et esthétique d'une exégesè pastorale. Bern e. al.: Peter Lang. 2003. “Nec timeo mori.” Atti dei Congresso internazionale di studi ambrosiani nel XVI centenario della morte di sant’ Ambrogio, Milano, 4 – 11 April 1997 / Fds. L. F. Pizzolato and M. Rizzi. Milano, 1998. (Studia Patristica Mediolanensia; 21). Palanque J.-R. Saint Ambroise et l'Empire romain: Contribution à I'Histoire des rapports de l'Église et de l'État a la fin du IV c siècle. P., 1933. Palanque J.-R. Deux correspondants de saint Ambroise: Orontien et Irénée / Revue des Études Latines. 1933. 11. P. 153–163. Savon H. Saint Ambroise devant l’exésège de Philon le Juif. 2 vols. P., 1977. Salignac A. circolo neoplatonico milanese al tempo della conversione di Agostino/ Agostino a Milano: il battesimo. Agostino nelle terre di Ambrogio: Milano, 22 – 24 April [1987]. Palermo. 1988. P. 43–56. (Augustiniana. Testi e studi:3). Vigilio vescovo di Trento tra storia romana e tradizione europea. 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Roma: Institutum Patristicum Augustinianum, 2001. (Studia Ephemerides Augustinianum:74). P. 125–138. Zelzer M. Prolegomena / Sancti Ambrosii Opera. Pars X. Epistulae et Acta. T. 2: Epistularum VII – IX / Recens. M. Zelzer. Vindobonae, 1990. P. XV-LXXII. (CSEL; 82.2). Zelzer M. Die Briefbücher des hl. Ambrosius und die Briefe extra collectionem / Anzeiger der Österr. Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. 1975. 112/1. S. 7–23. Zelzer M. Zum Osterfestbrief des hl. Ambrosius, und zur römischen Osterberechnigung des 4. Jahrhunderts / Wiener Studien. 1978. 91, pp. 187–204. Quote by Canellis A. Introduction / La Correspondance d’ Ambroise de Milan / Textes réunis et préparés par A. Canellis. Saint-Étienne: Université de Saint-Étienne, 2012. P. 18. See also the study by Mazières: Mazières J.P. Un principe d'organization pour le recueil des Lettres d'Ambroise de Milan / Ambroise de Milan. XVI centenaire de son élection épiscopale. P., 1974. P. 199–218. Duval Y.-M. Une réponce d’Ambroise à 1’Empereur Gratien (CPL 160A) Édition, Traduction, Commentaire / Vigiliae Christianae. 2004. 58/4. P. 407–423. The authenticity of this letter has been questioned by researchers, but Duval considers it genuine. Sancti Ambrosi Opera Pars X. Epistulae et Acta. T. 2: Epistularum libri VII-VIII / Post O. Faller recens. M. Zelzer. Vindobonae, 1990 (CSEL; 82.2) (Hereinafter - Faller.), Sancti Ambrosi Opera. Pars X. Epistulae et Acta. T. 3; Epistularum liber decimus. Epistulae extra collectionem. Gesta Concili Aquileiensis/Recens. M. Zelzer. Vindobonae, 1982. (CSEL; 82.3) (Hereinafter referred to as Zelzer.) Sancti Ambrosii episcopi Mediolanensis. Epistulae (XXXVI-LXIX) Introd., trad., not. e indici G. Banterle / Sant'Amhrogio. Discorsi e Lettere II/II Lettere (36 60). Milano: Biblioteca Ambrosiana; Roma: Città Nuova, 1988. (Sancti Ambrosii episcopi Mediolanensis opera; 20); Sancti Ambrosii episcopi Mediolanensis. Epistulae (LXX-LXXVII). Epistulae extra collectionem traditae / Introd., trad., not. e indici G. Banterle / Sant'Ambrogio. Discorsi e Lettere II/III; Lettere (70–77). Lettere fuori collezione. Milano: Biblioteca Ambrosiana: Roma: Città Nuova. 1988. (Sancti Ambrosii episcopi Mediolanensis opera:21). (Hereinafter referred to as Banterle.) Sancti Ambrosii Opera. Pars X. Epistulae et Acta. T. 2: Epistularum VII-IX / Recens. M Zelzer. Vindobonae. 1990. (CSEL; 82.2). P. X-XII. Publications and studies related to the letters published in this part are given. Complete bibliography on the epistolography of St. Ambrose of Milan compiled by J. Noroy, see: http://ww.sourсes-сretiennes.mom.fr/upload/doc/bibliographie-correspondance-Ambroise-GNauroy.pdf (3.12.2013). You might be interested in: