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Explanation of the second canon. 1. Since in the explanation we have already created, we in our place warned about in which and how many years of the moon the fifteenth or sixteenth day of the first Jewish month is considered by those who quintuple and sixteen these, that is, lunar, years, but did not indicate which and how many [years] they have this 15th or 16th on Sunday (as a result of which they calculate the Passover of Christ on The 22nd and 23rd days of the moon, while we make sure that this does not happen under any circumstances: for we are not supposed to either go beyond the 21st or not reach the 15th), I decided to designate this in some “canon” containing everything exactly, and not only the years of one nineteenth anniversary, but 28 nineteenth anniversary, from which the entire 532-year-old is collected period. 2. The schedule of the canon is as follows. In the middle there is a large wheel, and on the sides there are two canons. The wheel has 9 belts, that is, cycles; the cycles contain the following. The first, that is, the external one, is 28 solar years, starting not from the first, but from the thirteenth, fourteenth and onwards. 3rd – Leap years every four years. 4th – again 28 solar years, starting from the first. That is why the first cycle begins with the 13th, and the 4th with the first, so that it becomes clearer to those who are interested that the year they count as the 1st year of the sun is the 13th, and the 2nd is the 14th, and so on in a similar way with the same difference. Above we have placed, as true, the account according to church tradition. It's in four circles of the wheel. Inside them are painted 5 circles of the mentioned 28 nineteen years, containing lunar years, in which on the first day of the week, that is, Holy Sunday, they consider the 14th day of the first Jewish month to be the 15th or 16th. In order, the first lunar 19th anniversary is indicated through the 1st year of the sun, recorded in the 4th circle, behind which, as I said, the years of the moon themselves are written; 2nd - through the 2nd and in the same way everything - through the overlying years of the sun. For we used them to designate the same number of nineteen years, so as not to paint another circle for their sake. We have placed the years of each nineteenth anniversary in only five circles; since we found that in no more than 5 years the day considered by them to be the 15th or 16th, and by us considered to be the 14th, coincides with Sunday, but in one, two, three, four and five - and never more. On every nineteenth anniversary, the 14th [day], as I said, is considered the 15th in thirteen years, the 16th in one - but it is not always a Sunday. Because of this, although they are mistaken regarding the day of the moon, they are not mistaken regarding Easter, [if the period before it manages] to end before the 21st moon; they do not cross it when they consider the 15th [day] from Monday onwards, but the 16th - only from Tuesday: since when they consider this, that is, the 16th day, to be the second day of the week (Monday) - they still cross it, because 16 and 6 give 22. Because of this, we marked the years of the moon that they count in this way with two dots. In the same way, the years in which the mentioned 16th is observed on Sunday - with three points. This is the meaning of the dots present next to some years of the moon, in which the interval reaches in some years up to the 22nd day, in others up to the 23rd day, and in others the Passover of Christ is inappropriately indicated before the Jewish one. Indeed, in years that have two points, they consider our 13th day on Sunday to be the 15th 105th day of the moon. In this case, on the one hand, since this is the 15th day, they should celebrate on it, since the canon allows this 106; on the other hand, since the 14th day turns out to be the next day of the week, that is, Monday, they are convicted of believing that Christ's Passover was earlier than the Jewish Passover and are making a mistake regarding the true count 107. After all, even if the coincidence of Christ's Passover with the Jewish Passover is not allowed, 108 what can be said about its coming forward? Again, they happen to celebrate the same thing, albeit for 109 years. For in these fifteen, counting the day on Easter Sunday of the Law. And so, since this was also visible to the readers, we designated it with one dot. So, years without any points [mean the cases when they receive according to their count] Easter [on the 22nd day of the moon], whereas according to the church method this day is the twenty-first. Having one or two points - in which they consider it not only the twenty-second day, but also, as was said, Christ's [previously] 110 Easter of the Law 111: one point is put in cases where [this happens] due to the leap 112, two points - when due to the accumulation of sixtieth shares. The three dots represent the years in which they reach the 23rd or more [day of the moon], which is absurd. In these indicated 5 zones, that is, circles, we have correlated with the years of the moon on the left the solar years with their 19 cycles, that is, twenty-eight years, recorded in red lead according to the nineteen years themselves, so that one can find out for the year of each nineteen years in which they consider the 14th [day of the moon] to be the 15th or 16th, what year of the sun it is and in which twenty-eight years it consists. And from the epacts related to it, recorded in the 2nd circle of the same wheel, one can find out the day of the week by adding the epacts of the solar year, the number of the Roman month and the additional days recorded by minium and dividing the sum by 7. For this reason, we compared the solar years with the years of the moon on the left. This is about the middle wheel schedule. 3. Two canons on either side, of which the left, going from top to bottom, contains the following. In the 1st row - 7 embolimic months, compared with the corresponding years of the moon. In the 2nd row - 19 years of the moon, starting not from the first, but from the 4th year. In the 3rd row - 19 years of the moon, following in order from the first year. This was done here in order to show that the lunar year they consider the first is the 4th, and the 2nd is the 5th, and so on until the 19th year. And again the account adopted by us and going according to the church calculation, for the sake of its truth, is placed ahead of their account. In the 4th row - annual epacts, that is, days that should be taken into account in every lunar year on the first day of January. In the 5th row - days exceeding the fourteenth day of the first month, or 4. On the right in the 1st row are the 19 years of the moon, starting from the 4th year, as the same is written in the same way in the 2nd row on the left, in accordance with our counting of years. In the 2nd row are the epacts of these years, that is, the days that should be found every year according to the church account on March 31, 113. In the 3rd row are two Roman months, March and April. In the 4th row are the numbers of these months, which each time fall on the 14th day of the first month of the Jews, that is, their Passover, for each year. In the 5th row are additional days recorded in red lead. On the same right side is painted the Easter canon, an explanation of which we have already given in the proper place. So that from it anyone can find each year of the moon, calculated by them, and now located by us both in the left canon and in the middle wheel, according to the 5 zones located inside, in which they consider the indicated 14th day to be the 15th or 16th, and check, by counting accurately, whether the situation is as we have judged it here. An example of a way in which anyone can use what is described in the canon. 5. And before others, we will do this as an example for future readers, putting in the middle the year of the moon, considered by them to be the 16th, and by us – the 19th. For in this year the 14th day of the first Jewish month always and certainly falls on the seventeenth day of the Roman month of April. For because of this, and in the right canon, we recorded it on the 17th day in April. So, a) summing the days from January 1 to April 17 [inclusive], we get 107; b) then, after quintupling 16 years - 80; c) through taking into account the sixties obtained from this - 3; d) by, in turn, increasing the number of 16 years – 96. So there will be 286 in total; dividing this by 30, we find the 14th of the first month as the 16th. If we want to know what day of the week this day falls on in the first nineteenth anniversary, then we look, as I said, on the left, that next to this year of the moon is the same numbered year of the first twenty-eighth anniversary of the sun, that is, the 16th; taking its epacts recorded in the 2nd circle of the wheel, equal in number to 6, we add to them the 17 days of April and divide by 7; from the remaining two we learn that this day on which Jews celebrate Passover is [Monday]. Because of this, counting on the previous day, that is, on Holy Sunday, the 15th day of the moon, they place the Easter of Christ before the Jewish one, which is unacceptable. For this reason, as already said, we marked this 16th year with two points. This is how you should calculate this 16th year of the moon in the first nineteenth anniversary. On the 6th nineteenth anniversary, if we again want to know on what day of the week they calculate the 16th [day of the moon] in this year, that is, the 16th, then, taking the epacts of the solar year corresponding to it on the left, that is, the 27th, number 5, we add to this the 17th day of April; and dividing 22 by 7, from the remainder we find out that the day of the week is Sunday. So, due to the fact that this day in the 6th nineteenth anniversary is considered to be the 16th [day of the moon], they record Easter of Christ, celebrated according to church tradition on the following Sunday, as the 23rd [day of the moon]; and from the 1st nineteenth birthday, due to the coincidence with the 2nd day of the week - the 22nd day of the moon. Thus, if someone turns to the years of the moon located in a wheel on five belts, in each of them he will find the 1st or 2nd day of the week; and to those written on the left, looking for the day of the week there after the 1st and 2nd, that is, the 3rd, 4th and further, by determining the year of the twenty-eighth anniversary corresponding to the year of the nineteenth anniversary being calculated, and adding to its epacts the number of the Roman month in which the 14th day of the first month of the desired year of the moon falls, and dividing by 7, one learns from here the day of the week. Having explained this briefly as an example, we leave the rest to the industrious readers to examine in the same way and to assimilate and find in everything accuracy along with truth. It is the 13th, and not the 14th, as Petavius ​​proposes to correct. As mentioned above, 2 dots indicate the years when “Nisan 14” is recognized as the 16th day of the moon and falls on Monday; therefore, Sunday the 15th corresponds to the 13th of Nisan. According to Easter rules, the Sunday following the 14th of Nisan is considered the holiday of Easter (the Resurrection of Christ). That is, if we consider Monday as the 16th day of the moon, according to the rules, Christian Easter should be celebrated on the previous Sunday; but then it will turn out to be the day before the “Jewish” one, that is, the tabular 14th Nisan of the Alexandrian Paschal. Lit. διαβάλλεται, which can be translated both as “reproached” (cf. “in culpa est” in the Latin translation) and as “transferred.” When the 14th of Nisan (“Jewish Passover”) coincides with Sunday, Christian Easter is moved forward a week in order to avoid combining the memory of the passion of Christ (executed on Passover) with the celebration of His Resurrection. Here and below, gaps in the manuscript are indicated in this way. For example, if we assume that the “Easter of the Law” (Nisan 14 according to the Alexandrian Paschal) turns out to be the 15th day of the moon in a leap year or the 16th on Monday, then the “true” 14th of Nisan will fall on Saturday, and the Christian Easter should be celebrated on the next day: thus it will precede the “Easter of the Law”. As indicated, when calculating the phase using this method, the leap addition is taken into account, equal to 1 in a leap year. In this year, the 15th day of the moon passes into the 16th, and if it is Monday, “Nisan 14” turns out to be later than Christian Easter, which formally falls on the previous day - Sunday. In the traditional Alexandrian Easter, lunar epacts are taken on March 22 - the eve of the beginning of the first year of the 19-year cycle (see Schwartz. Ostertafeln... S. 14; Grumel. La Chronologie... P. 37, 190). The epacts for March 31 exceed the epacts for March 22 by 9 units. E. Schwartz believes that this choice is due to the influence of the Western tradition, where lunar epacts are indicated on January 1 = March 1: after all, March 31, with a 29-day Easter month (like St. Maximus), has the same lunar phase (Schwartz. Ostertafeln... S. 82). Here one can also see the desire for unification of calculations, when the epacts of the sun and the moon are given on the same date.