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On the next day of the Annunciation to the Blessed Virgin, the Church established a celebration in honor of the Archangel Gabriel, called the Council, that is, a meeting of the faithful in his honor. Just as in civil societies representatives and envoys of sovereigns, vested with high power, are respected; so St. The Church honors the heavenly messenger - Archangel Gabriel, who brought to earth the joyful news of the incarnation of the Son of God, gathering to glorify the Archangel and along with him other Heavenly powers, the day after the Annunciation, calling this day the Council of the Archangel Gabriel. Day of the Cathedral in honor of St. Archangel Gabriel was established by the Church from ancient times, on the basis of the Jerusalem Church Charter, in which the sacred customs and institutions of the primacy of the Church were preserved for us. In the 9th century, Joseph the Studite wrote a canon for the day of the Council of the Archangel Gabriel. On this day the Church glorifies St. Archangel Gabriel, as a keeper of the hidden place and a servant of the Divine glory and a champion of the world, asking for his intercession. “Blessed and honest and all-powerful, most innumerable and terrible Trinity, you are, glorious Archangel, minister and prayer book, now constantly pray that we will be delivered from all troubles and torments.” † Suffering of St. Pannonians: Irenaeus, Bishop of Srem, Eusebius the Bishop and Pullius the Reader of Kivali Although the Slavic County and the Slovenes (Rhaetians) with Norina were enslaved by the Romans under Augustus, the conquered Slavs, with the exception of a few, were left in their places 233. So they listened to the first sermon of the Gospel on an equal basis with their conquerors and almost more willingly than the latter. St. Andronicus, relative of St. Paul and before him believed in Christ (Rom. 16:17), was the first preacher of St. faith in Pannonia 234. There were already martyrs here under Diocletian. Such was St. Irenaeus, bishop of Srem, the main city of Lower Župania, who suffered for Christ in 304 235. Before accepting the priesthood, Blessed. Irenaeus was married and had children. The high qualities of his soul, his strict life, his education, which earned him respect, elevated him to the cathedral - even in his young years. - The many relatives, close and distant, who surrounded him during his martyrdom, show that he was a native in Srem - a Slav, and not an alien Roman. Having become a saint, he devoted himself entirely to serving the Lord and his flock and lived as a virgin. He zealously taught those who came to him, announced Christ's truth and openly preached Christ, regardless of pagan power 236. Following the orders of Diocletian, Probus, the regional commander of Pannonia, ordered Bishop Irenaeus to be brought to him. When the saint appeared to him, Probus announced: “the sacred laws command everyone to make sacrifices to the gods.” “Whoever makes a sacrifice to the gods, and not to God, will perish,” answered Irenaeus. “The will of the merciful emperors is such,” said Probus, that either sacrifices be made to the gods, or the stubborn suffer execution.” Irenaeus answered: “The will of the true God is such that I endure all kinds of suffering, but do not make sacrifices to the gods.” Irenaeus was subjected to severe torture. “What do you say, Irenaeus? the prefect spoke; make a sacrifice." “I offer a sacrifice of good confession to my God, to whom I constantly performed sacred acts,” answered Irenaeus. “The saint’s parents came and, seeing that he was being tortured, begged him to have pity on his youth. Here the children, hugging his legs, said: “Have mercy on yourself and on us, father”; there the wife and mother begged. Relatives were crying, family members were moaning, neighbors and friends were crying.” But the saint remained firm. “Know,” he said, “neither your love nor threats to power will force me to violate the will of my Lord.” “Bend down on these tears, give smart advice to your youth,” said the prefect. “I always advise you not to sacrifice to idols,” answered the courageous Irenaeus. Probus ordered him to be taken to prison. There he stayed for many days and was subjected to various tortures. At one time, at midnight, the prefect was sitting in court and the most blessed martyr Irenaeus was brought here. Probus said: “Make a sacrifice, Irenaeus, to avoid torment.” “Do what the truth demands; “Don’t expect that from me,” answered the saint. Probus, in anger, ordered to beat him with sticks. Irenaeus said: “From my youth I learned to honor my God; I honor Him, who strengthens me in everything; but I cannot honor man-made gods.” The prefect again tried to shake his firmness with a reminder of those close to his heart, especially his children. “My children have a God who can preserve them,” answered the saint. “Have mercy on yourself, young man,” said the prefect. “Do what you want; “You will see what patience the Lord Jesus Christ will give me,” answered the saint. Probus said: “I will pronounce the sentence.” “I will be grateful,” answered Irenaeus. “I order Irenaeus, who disobeys the imperial decrees, to be thrown into the river,” said the prefect; then he added: “and decapitate him with a sword.” “I thank you, Lord Jesus Christ, who grants patience of sorrows and participation in eternal glory,” said the confessor. When he came to the bridge called Bosvetsky 237, he took off his clothes and raised his hands to the sky, praying: “Lord Jesus Christ, who deigned to suffer for the salvation of the world! May the angels accept the soul of Your servant Irenaeus, who suffers for Your name and for Your people of the Church of Srem; I pray Thy mercy to accept me and confirm them in Thy faith.” “Then he was decapitated with a sword and thrown into the Sava River. The servant of God, Saint Irenaeus, bishop of the city of Srem, suffered on the 8th Ides of April (March 26) under the emperor Diocletian, during the reign of our Lord Jesus Christ. This is what the story about Saint Pullia says. According to other news, it turns out that the Pannonian Church was then adorned with many martyrs. According to the martyrologies, and Feb. 23 in Srem, 62 sufferers performed the feat of martyrdom, whose names remained unknown 238. “Saint Irenaeus, first tormented by cruel tortures, then languishing in prison for many days, was deprived of his head on the 8th calendar of April,” otherwise March 25, day 239. Presbyter Montan and his wife Maxima were thrown into the river on March 26th and - on the same day, 40 of his friends completed their feat 240. On April 9th, 7 virgins were crowned together in Srem; these were “sanctified virgins” - deaconesses 241. And on the same day, five other virgins suffered in Srem, also Fortunatus, Donatus and six others 242. – Saint Pullius suffered on April 28, 243. After him, on July 4, “Saints Innocent and Savvatia with 30 others” were crowned with the crown of martyrdom. Probus decided, says the note about Saint Pullia, to bypass the neighboring cities. When he arrived in the city of Kivalis (on a tributary of the Sava), where Eusebius, bishop of the Church of Kivalis, 245 suffered during a previous persecution, then on the same day the chief of the readers, Pullius, was captured. "What's your name?" Probus asked him. “A Christian,” answered Pullius. “What is your position?” asked the prefect. Pullius answered: “chief of the readers.” “Are these the ones,” said Probus, who persuade frivolous wives not to marry? “You can test our lightness now,” answered Pullius, and added: “those are frivolous who, having abandoned their Creator, are content with superstitions; but the truly pious are firm in their loyalty to the eternal King and fulfill His commandments even in the midst of torment.” “What are these commandments?” asked the prefect. “These are those,” said the confessor, who point out one God in heaven and make it clear that wood and stone cannot be God; these are those who strengthen the righteous in virtue and teach holy virgins to achieve the highest perfection; a pure wife is taught moderation in childbearing; they are ordered to carry out the just orders of their superiors, forgive their enemies, and take care of the poor.” “What good is it,” said Probus, if a person is deprived of all bodily pleasures? Pullius answered: “Eternal light is better than earthly light, and unchanging pleasures are sweeter than perishing ones; It’s not smart to prefer the past to the eternal.” - “But what about that? do the will of the emperor, make a sacrifice,” said Probus. “I cannot fulfill this,” answered Pullius, “the will of God alone is above all.” “You will be executed by the sword if you do not make a sacrifice,” said the prefect. “Do what you are commanded,” answered the confessor; I should follow in the footsteps of bishops, presbyters and all fathers.” The prefect pronounced the sentence to burn Pullius. The servants grabbed the martyr, and he fearlessly, glorifying God, accomplished his feat in 304. on the same day on which Bishop Eusebius died as a martyr 246. Attila, who removed (in 441) the Roman yoke from the Slavs, greatly weakened Christianity in Pannonia with his steppe paganism; The cruel Obra-Unns spread pagan darkness. Under Atilla, his ambassador in Constantinople was Orestes, a natural Pannonian Slav and a Christian by name, and the translator of Vigilas was Vigilius; with him, among the top officials were Negish, Skotan 247. Then the further it went, the worse it became, until the Slavic enlighteners Cyril and Methodius 248 appeared here. Venerable Basil the New Venerable Basil the New. He labored in Constantinople and died at the age of 944, one hundred years old. “Because he loved Me, I will deliver him; I will protect him, because he has known My name” (Ps. 90:14). – Such a great promise serves as a response to – what? – Love for God and knowledge of His name. The condition for protection, the intercession of God Himself, that is, the highest tranquility of man, is found in - what? – In the highest happiness of a person, which consists in the ability to love God and know His name. Under such conditions, a person is a truly blessed being, and all that remains for him is to recognize all the bliss with which his soul is surrounded by God in order to use it. All earthly sorrows are insignificant before such a consciousness. The feeling of fear is impossible for a soul that has known and loved its Creator: “I am! Don't be afraid! - this is the essence of man’s relationship to God, the essence of his entire eternal existence. As we delve deeply into the inscrutable paths of Divine Providence, with attention and as far as our understanding is accessible, we can constantly notice - both in our own lives and in the lives of others - undoubted evidence of the Divine protection of people from all evil. – Even in the most apparently disastrous circumstances and destructive actions of nature, one can see that by the incomprehensible destinies of the Wisdom of God, they too can be directed and turned for the good and salvation of those who with faith accept all the will of God about him... In addition, there are countless cases of unexpected, but not accidental, salvation from death; and in particular, in the lives of the saints, there are numerous examples of the extraordinary action of God’s goodness for the salvation of pious people, which at the same time proves the truth that “godliness is profitable for everything, having the promise of the present life and the future” (1 Tim. 4:8), and that the Lord knows how to deliver the godly from misfortunes... (2 Pet. 2:9). So, in the life of the one remembered today who pleased God with trust in Him and desire for Him - like the sun in a small drop of water - the same great, eternal, undoubted truth is reflected in God’s preservation of those devoted to Him, the protection of God - those who call on His name. Malchus, while still young, left his parents' home and entered a secluded monastery. When he found out that his father had died, he wanted to visit his widowed mother to console her; He also found it necessary to return home in order to dispose of the estate left behind by his father. But “no one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the kingdom of God” (Luke 9:62). Guided by these words of Jesus Christ, the abbot of the monastery restrained Malchus, warning him against returning to the world, which was always fraught with danger for the monk. Malchus did not listen to him and left the monastery, but on the way he was captured by the Saracens and taken into the depths of the Arabian steppe. Here, during the division of the prisoners, Malchus, together with one woman, also captured by robbers, went into slavery to one Saracen. Now he realized that the abbot had rightly restrained him, and that the Lord had punished him for his disobedience. He decided to meekly submit to his misfortune, firmly believing that this was a test allowed by the will of God. He endured heavy captivity for a long time, performed all the hard work in his master’s house and, most importantly, tended his flocks. Deeply grieving in soul, Malchus strengthened himself with hope in God’s providence and not only did not lose heart, but had the courage and courage to undertake, with the help of God, an escape from captivity. The old woman, who was captured with him, followed him. Both of them, in their hopeless, helpless situation, called on the name of God and completely surrendered themselves to His mercy. And the Lord responded miraculously to the undoubted faith in Him... For three days the exhausted captives walked among the hot, waterless and open desert, not pursued by anyone. Finally they noticed the pursuit of their master and his servant on two camels. There was nowhere to hide in the open desert and the captives had to fall into the hands of the barbarians again - and then experience an even more bitter fate... But they suddenly noticed a deep cave and hastened to take refuge in it, hiding against the wall, not far from the exit from the cave... It was, however, too late, because they had already been noticed... Approaching the cave, the master began to call the fugitives from there, but since they did not respond, he told his servant go down into the depths of the cave and take them out of there. The servant rushed there with a drawn sword, but fell into the mouth of a lioness, who had her lair here, and was thus immediately torn to pieces. The owner, seeing that the servant was not returning, also rushed into the cave and suffered the same fate... The hiding fugitives could have expected the same death from the lioness, but she, having captured the cub in her teeth, calmly walked out and did not even touch the camels standing near the cave. Having made sure of their safety, the freed captives returned to their homeland on the remaining camels. Malchus settled in the same monastery where he lived before captivity, and peacefully ended his God-pleasing life. Doesn’t this example and similar ones serve as a great strengthening in that joyful hope that we all live under the roof of the Most High and rest in the shadow of the Almighty... The words of the prophet David are inspired: “My refuge and my defense, my God in whom I trust! “He will save the fisher from the snare, from the fatal plague.” – The shield and the fence are His truth. “I will not fear the terror of the night, the arrow that flies by day, the plague that stalks in the darkness, the plague that destroys at noon.” To the one who said: “The Lord is my hope” - to the one who chose the Most High as his refuge - “no evil will happen, for the Lord commands His angels to guard him in all his ways” ... And “he will cry to God, and God will hear him; God will be with him in his tribulation and will deliver him and glorify him; and with the length of days He will satisfy him and show him His salvation.” These words are inspired by God, serving as the highest expression of the most blessed property given to people: to completely surrender oneself to the mercy of the living God, to the mercy of the whole world through the sins of irresistible Goodness, the only condition for the perception of which is faith in It... Savelyeva Slavic collection, pp. 117–119. 261–274. Rev. Nestor: “Illurik are Slovenians, Norci are Slovenians. They settled in Slovenia along the Dunaevi, where there is now Ugorsk land and Bolgarska.” Boguslav: Scribitur in vetustissimis codicibus, quod Pannonia sit mater et origo omnium Slavonicarum nationum. – Munich manuscript IX table. (in Safarik in Slav. ancient appendix 79, part 1). Zerviani, quod tantum est regnum, est eo cunctae gente Slavorum exortae sint. Barnefried (VI, 52): Karniolia slavorum patria. Srem, the leader of the Triballs - Serbs, who left his name for the city. Srem, bravely defended himself against Alexander the Great, who then crossed the country of the lords (παλαιος) to Macedonia (Strabo VII, 2. Arrian. 1, 3). According to the Ptolemaic map of Pannonia (147) and other ancient monuments, the names of cities, mountains, tracts, and rivers of Pannonia are all Slavic. Temporary X, 100. 101. XVI, 69–74. Kamanicha specimen philologiae et geographiae Pannoniorum. Zagzabiae 1795. Solarich The Romans glorified, Khark. 1818. As for the words of Caesarea about the Slavs, it was in vain that they considered (Venelin 2, 205, 281. Christ. Reading 1859 2:153) the writer of the conversations to be the brother of St. Gregory the Theologian. The well-known writer P. Photius, who uses the church song: Holy God, should be recognized as a contemporary of St. Maximus († 662). But even in this form, his words about the Slavs are important. Their Greek text and Slavic translation of the 14th century. - in the description Synod. RKP. No. 129. Nestor: “The teacher of the Slovenian language is Andronicus the Apostle, his table is in Pania” - in Pannonia. Collection l. 1, 11. 12. There are two pieces of news about him in the prologue, one on March. 26 incorrect, other Aug. 23 is correct, taken from Vasily’s menology; in Chet'i-Minea Mar. 26 description is close to the modern note. An eyewitness note about martyrdom - in Genshen Act. sanet, mart. r. 555 at Ruinart Acta martyrum sine. 2, 220–224. Menologium Basilii ad 23 Augusti. In 1807, a parchment collection of the 10th century was found in Bavaria, containing two confessions and a teaching in the Slavic language, with differences in the Serbian dialect, Nisan in Latin letters. The teaching is the same as that placed in the prologue under April 25th. Confessions and teachings are examples of instructions offered to newly baptized Slavs. Part of the teaching ed. Sreznevsky in ancient times. Prokhorov 1864, p. 124. This is how they taught in Pannonia under St. Irenaeus! The Bosvet river, where Srem was located, flowed into the river somewhat below the city. Savu. In Lat. Patrol. T. 123. 124. Martyr. Adonis p. 231. 232 (Martyr. Usuardi p. 787–791. According to the Roman martyrology on February 23, “in Srem, the suffering of 72 martyrs.” Ado r. 242. Usuardus r. 872. 873. Ado r. 242. Usuard r. 887. In Adon it is written: Montani presbyteri, qui cum Maxima uxore sua tentus et in fluvium praecipitatus est. In Jerome's Martyrology, Maxima is also named as the wife of Presbyter Montana. Usuard does not call her Montana’s wife, is it because the priests did not begin to live with their wives? Vandalbert is accurate: Septima Montanum memorat cum coniuge sanctâAtque simul quadragena cum martyre passum. Baronius in the Roman Martyrology on February 23. Montanus is called a presbyter and then it is shown: “also (the suffering) of the holy martyrs Codratus, Theodosius, Emanuel and 40 others.” Martyr. Romanum, p. 153. Adv. p. 246. Usuard p. 918.12. Martyrology of Jerome and Adon. March. Jerome, Adon and Usuard. Jerome, Usuard. Also from Baronius in the Roman Martyrology. The “former persecution” was the persecution of Valerian 257–258 Cibalis - Kinal. Martyrdom of Pullius - in Ruinart in act. Mart. sine. 2, 225–228. The description says: de qva (urbe Cibalitarum) Valentinianus christianissimus imperator oriundus esse cognoscitur. Valentinian was the Western emperor 364–375. It is clear that the now known edition of the martyrdom was compiled no earlier than 364. As for the pre-Christian names: Irenaeus, Eusebius, Montanus and others, Savelyev rightly noted (Slavic collection, pp. 261. 262) that like the name of St. Theodosius of Pechersk or Leonty Rost. shows that the names were given by ministers of the Orthodox Eastern Church, and not that Theodosius is a Greek; Thus, the names of the martyrs of Srem and others only indicate that at that time the preachers of the faith gave names to those being baptized, both Greek and Latin. The embassy of Priscus, described by himself, is in Venelan: ancient and modern Bolgares, vol. 1, pp. 111–142. M. 1856. Stritten Slavica § 50. Avarica. 53–55. Quercius de bello avarico.