Изъяснение псалма 87-го.

Ps.87:1. Song. Psalm, Sons of Korah. To the head of the choir at Mahalaf, for singing. Teachings of Heman Ezrahite. “The song of the psalm by the sons of Korah, at the end, about Maeleth, the hedgehog answered, the understanding of Heman the Israelite.” Heman was in charge of a certain group of people singing and hymning to God. The word: “answer” conveys the idea of ​​mutually corresponding sequences of faces. This prophecy foreshadows the disasters of the Jews and slavery in Babylon, but also shows the illnesses of the entire human race after sin. Moreover, the prophecy in the psalm is presented in the form of a prayer offered to the man-loving God and by the Jews and in general by everyone. This prayer befits the most pious. Ps.87:2. Lord, God of my salvation! I cry day and night before You. Ps.87:3. May my prayer come before Your face; incline Your ear to my prayer. Ps.87:4. For my soul was filled with adversity, and my life approached hell. “O Lord God of my salvation, I have cried before You in the days and in the nights”: “Let my prayer come before You.” I know that You, Master, are the Lord of my salvation; Therefore, day and night I beg you to accept my petition. “Incline Your ear to my prayer.” “For my soul is filled with evil, and my belly is drawing near to hell.” Look, I beg You, at the multitude of evils surrounding me, for I am at the point of death and have need of Your help. Ps.87:5. I have become equal to those who go down to the grave; I became like a man without strength, “It was applied with those descending into the ditch.” I have fallen into some inevitable disaster, and I do not find any deliverance, but I become like those who fell into a ditch and cannot come out. “I was like a man without help,” deprived of any care or concern for me. Ps.87:6. Thrown among the dead - like the slain, lying in the tomb, whom You no longer remember and who are rejected from Your hand. "There is freedom in the dead". Having not yet waited for my death, without having accepted the slavery of death, I count myself among those who are among the dead. “Like the plague of those sleeping in the tomb, whom You did not remember, and they were rejected by Thy hand.” With the word: “Bykh” is put in connection with this: “Bykh, like a man without help, has freedom in the dead,” without having yet accepted the slavery of death, “Bykh, like a ulcer,” received a wound in the war and was given up for burial. For Symmachus expressed This is like this: “the same as those who are ulcerated, lying in the tomb, of which you will remember no more, are those who were slain by Your hand.” Ps.87:7. You put me in the pit of the grave, in darkness, in the abyss. “Having laid me in the pit of the grave, in the dark places and the shadow of death.” And these words befit both those forced to live in Babylon and the entire human race. For those, being enslaved by wicked people, lived a painful life, and after sin all people fell into many different calamities, because after transgressing the commandment, death, sadness, tears, sighs, lamentation, widowhood, orphanhood, poverty, failure, and thousands of other indescribable troubles appeared, which bring darkness to the living. Ps.87:8. Thy wrath is heavy upon me, and with all Thy waves Thou hast struck [me]. “Thy wrath was established upon me, and Thou didst bring all Thy waves upon me.” Symmachus translated it this way: “Your wrath fell upon me, and You exhausted me with Your storms,” that is, you continue to punish me and inflict all kinds of blows of disasters. The image of speech is borrowed from those who are shipwrecked and subject to strong waves and gusts of wind. Ps.87:9. You have removed my acquaintances from me, you have made me disgusting to them; I am imprisoned and cannot leave. “Thou hast removed my known ones from Mene.” I have no relatives or relatives close to me. For the captives who lived in Babylon, having accepted the yoke of slavery, being scattered, deprived of connections and cohabitation with friends, did not have any consolation to be drawn from this; and all people who are in wickedness are not involved in angelic care for them. “Having made me an abomination to myself,” that is, my enemies. “I would have been betrayed without leaving”, I do not find any deliverance from the evils surrounding me. Ps.87:10. My eye is weary with grief: all day long I have cried out to You, O Lord, I have stretched out my hands to You. “My eyes are weary from poverty.” And Symmachus translated it like this: “my eye has failed from suffering,” because I exhausted my eyes with tears, being forced to cry from a painful illness. “I have cried out to You, O Lord, all day long; I have lifted up my hands to You.” Therefore, grant a single way to get rid of troubles - Yours, O Lord, is your providence for me, because, always stretching out my hands, I beg You. And such a situation shows a severe mental illness, because a person forced by necessity in this form with great effort asks for someone who can give it to him. Ps.87:11. Will You perform a miracle on the dead? Will the dead rise and praise You? “Does eating dead people work miracles? Or will the doctors be resurrected and confess to You?” While I am still alive, says the Prophet, show Your miracle, because when I die, I will not see it. For there is no doctor who can free you from death. And what medicine has this power? Ps.87:12. Or will Your mercy be proclaimed in the grave, and Your truth in a place of corruption? Ps.87:13. Will Thy wonders be known in darkness, and Thy righteousness in the land of forgetfulness? “Who is the story of Thy mercy in the grave, and Thy truth in destruction?” “Will Thy wonders be known in darkness, and Thy righteousness in forgotten lands?” Is it possible for the dead, who have been reduced to dust, who remain in the grave of death and consigned to oblivion, to feel Your love for mankind and to be spectators of Your miracles? Ps.87:14. But I cry to You, Lord, and early in the morning my prayer precedes You. “And I cried to You, O Lord, and my morning prayer will precede You.” Impatiently wanting to get rid of the current evils in life, I beg You in the anguish of my heart, and in prayer I reach the morning. Ps.87:15. Why, Lord, do you tear away my soul, hide Your face from me? “Lord, will you take my soul away? do you turn away your face from me? So, why are you sending me away, Master? Why don’t you show me Your mercy? Ps.87:16. I am unhappy and have been fading since my youth; I bear Your terrors and am exhausted. “I have been poor and in labor since my youth.” Youth for the Israelites is the exodus from Egypt, and for all people it is life outside of paradise due to the transgression of the commandment: because both of them spent the rest of the time in poverty 23 . “I was exalted, humbled and faint.” And the Jews, after glorification, fell into slavery, and human nature, created in the image of God and worthy of life in paradise, having longed for more, was deprived of what was given. Ps.87:17. Thy wrath has passed over me, Thy terrors have crushed me. Ps.87:18. Every day they surround me like water: they all hug me together. “Thy wrath has come upon me, Thy terrors have troubled me”: “You have destroyed me like water,” that is, You have brought all your wrath against me; You brought me into confusion with terrible executions, and, as in waters, you left me immersed in them. "You've been possessing me all day." Every day they drown me. Ps.87:19. You removed from me a friend and a sincere one; my friends are not visible. “You have removed from Me a friend and a sincere one, and those I know from passions.” Struggling with so many disasters, I do not have the consolation provided by close acquaintances, being deprived of cohabitation with them due to the disastrous slavery. It was fitting to say this not only to the Jews, but also to all people who lived before the coming of the Savior; even now, whoever suffers like this, this prayer is characteristic and appropriate. For, in the words of the divine Apostle, “the tree was ordained, for our punishment it was ordained: that through patience and the consolation of the scriptures the hope of the imams” (Rom. 15:4). For the Israelites who came out of Egypt, all but two, died in the wilderness. You might be interested in: