36. После 1410 г. Постановление Иоанна, архиепископа новгородского, о суде Божьем

From the Service Book of the Novgorod-Sofia Library (now St. Petersburg Spiritual Academy), No. 836, l. 114–116 (early 16th century); was published by the Reverend. Macarius in “Materials for the History of the Russian Church,” pp. 33–34 and in “History” itself, vol. IV, pp. 382–384. John's decree was caused by a “sign” that happened in 1410 (see note 3 under the text). I. Blessing of Archbishop John of Novgorod to the Christians of St. Sophia 1569 Be it known to you: I hear here that you are going to the cross about the great destruction and about the little 1570; Otherwise you are not acting according to God’s law. Here our God gave the sign of the holy confessors: Gurya, Samon and Aviva deacon 1571; Otherwise, by the grace of God, the right are right, and the guilty are executed. And we sent you an icon of the holy confessors to the Church of God. 1572 And what you go to the cross, otherwise we take away from you, but go to the sign of God's holy confessors. The priest serves the holy liturgy, and writes the name of God on a piece of bread, and gives it to everyone who comes in the name of God. And whoever seizes a loaf of bread with the name of God is right; and whoever does not eat the loaf will be guilty according to God’s judgment. And whoever does not go to the bread will be guilty without God’s judgment and without the world’s things. Otherwise, it is written to you about our death and about yours that they are taking advantage of us. 1573 And this letter was given to you for use; and whoever does not listen to this letter will be guilty without trial and executed. 1574 But you, priest, do not put the bread of God into your mouth, and do not disobey our word. And I bless you, the priests and all Christians. II. Decree on feeding the holy three confessors: Guria, Samon, Aviv Whenever something is stolen from someone, or a debt falls on someone 1575, you priests order the proskur to bake a cross-shaped one, and order four crosses to be imagined on it. And the priests, when entering the church, [first] say a prayer to the holy confessors; and another: entering the church, before the icon of the holy confessors and sing a prayer service 1576; and third: and at the proskomedia say, taking out the prosphora, this prayer: “Pray, holy confessors of God, Gurie, Samona and Aviv the deacon; Just as naturally, by the mercy of God, they returned the maiden to their city of Edes, so now the holy three confessors, Gurie, Samone and Avivo, and Avidane, and Abraham, and Athenius, perform your miracle for those who come to you with faith, help the perishers, expose the guilty, close the throats of the mischievous. Isache, tie and ́; Jacob, and block their paths and make them dark on all sides, so that their paths may creep, and the angel of the Lord may chase them.” 1577 Also “Lord have mercy” 12. And then, taking out the prosphora, taking out the first cross, say: “This name of God is written on the loaf, we confessed through the prayers of the saints of God, in honor and glory to Saint Gurya”; and taking out the second cross, say: “in honor and glory to Saint Samon,” and taking out the third cross, say: “in honor and glory to Saint Aviv the deacon”; and the fourth, taking out the cross, said, remembering you by the name that you are, guilty for reproof. Under the “Christians of St. Sophia” it is hardly possible to understand here the Novgorodians in general. The contents of the letter rather go to the Sofia peasants (heavy people), to whom the ruler, of course, had every right to give orders similar to the present one. But Mister Veliky Novgorod himself knew only his own - veche laws. and about a small one is attributed not a field. One of the Novgorod chronicles speaks about this sign: “In the summer of 6918, by God’s will and providence, in Veliky Novgorod in the cathedral church of the Wisdom of God Sophia, a sign was performed from the icon of the holy martyrs and confessors Guria, Samon and Aviv, about the judgments (read vessels) of the church? under Archbishop John: and for the sake of a miracle, Vladyka John, the next summer, built a stone church for them, near Sophia, from the lord’s court, Guria, Samon and Aviv. (Full. Collected Years. III, 235). These words clearly show that the letter was written not to the Novgorodians, but somewhere to the side, i.e. to one of the Sofia estates. Again, a fairly clear indication of the tax-paying Sofia peasants to whom the letter was written. The meaning of the words is that the prescribed “court of God” must be carried out in cases of theft of not only church (mistress) property, but also peasant property. In this tone, the Novgorod ruler could only write to his peasants, but not to Veliky Novgorod itself. nepot is a word not found in lexicons; but the meaning should mean suspicion. The words: and sing a prayer service are written on the margin at the top. This prayer is reminiscent of ancient incantations. You might be interested in: