34. 1410–1417 г. июня 22. Его же грамота в Псков о том же

This as yet unpublished document is almost word for word similar to the previous one in most of its contents; from here it is natural to conclude that it was written around the same time. More definite indications of its annual date are obtained on the basis of the following considerations: a) it mentions the Pskov mayor who was in Moscow, who was ordered by the local clergy to ask the Metropolitan for permission to one question; and from local chronicles it is known that the Pskovites, indeed, sent their mayors to the Grand Duke in 1410, 1411 and 1412 (Pol. Collected Chronicles. vol. IV, p. 201 and vol. V, p. 21); b) the Metropolitan addresses his instructions to the clergy of only two Pskov cathedrals; Trinity and Sophia, but does not yet name the Cathedral of St. Nicholas, established in 1417 (see Pskov. 2nd year. under the indicated year). – For this publication, the list was taken from the manuscript of the Rumyantsev Museum No. 204, l. 420; Below the text are indicated the discrepancies in the synodal list in the collection of documents No. 562, fol. 380 rpm And this is a letter about legal and illegal marriages, and about weddings, and about children's baptism, and about priests not ordained, and about drinking before dinner Blessing of Photius, Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Rus', to the God-saved city of Pskov 1483, to the noble prince and posadniks, and to the gathering of the Holy Trinity 1484 and the gathering of Saint Sophia 1485, and to all of Pskov, the Lord's people named after Christ. O children of the Lord, beloved of our humility! I want to speak for your benefit and bring you into the knowledge of true Orthodoxy. 1487 By the inspiration of God, the Prophet says to the mother: “Wash yourself and be clean, leave the wickedness of your souls” before my eyes, cease from your evil 1488, learn to do good, exact judgment, deliver the wronged, judge the fatherless and justify the widow. And if you want, listen to me, good earthly soul; If you don’t want to listen, the weapon 1489 will kill you: for the mouth of the Lord speaks this.” For this reason, my beloved children in the Lord, he tells us not to wash our garments and decorate our corruptible bodies, but to wash away our spiritual feelings from evil thoughts and deeds harmful to the soul, and to walk along his path, decorating our lamps with gracious oil, so that we may be worthy to enter into his heavenly chamber. It is worthy for you to become sober from every deed that is hostile, and to dissolve alms with fasting: alms delivers a person from death 1490, but with alms you also wear out your body, with tears and contrition of heart, and diligently observe the fasts that come 1491, since God brings His execution on us through our sins. You, the priestly and monastic 1492 order, befit the churches to every rule of the church, and sing prayers for Orthodox Christianity every day, and teach your spiritual children to resort to the Church of God, and to keep fasts honestly and purely when they come. And whoever the priest has to drink before dinner, he will be without vestments. Α who do not live with their wives according to the law, have understood without the priest’s blessing, teach them and bring them to Orthodoxy: with 1493 blessing they would have caught their wives; and they will not want to live with a blessing, otherwise they will be separated. And 1494 you, priest, do not accept them, neither their offering 1495, nor give them a dora, nor the bread of the Mother of God. Those who listen to you would give you a guarantee that they will listen to you 1496 later. And at the feast, whoever is beaming, who has to drink before dinner, do not give them the bread of the Mother of God. In the same way, I want you to be told by divine scripture to escape the destruction of the fourth marriage of 1497 and even from the blood of marriages and excommunication from the sacred and divine rules. For this reason, for the sake of many different 1498 sorrows, I exercise every day and hour 1499 and have a never-sleeping mind for the Christian sake of general use. And for this reason, having collected from the divine scriptures and from our divine Fathers, I am doing this to you. Packs of divine teaching and the divine and sacred Apostles ruled 1500 and like those of the holy Fathers of the seven ecumenical councils, but no 1501 divine bonds will protect the faithful from justice. The sacred Basil, who has experienced spiritual depths, according to the Theologian's 1502 voice, his language became the law of the church, and the verbs of his broadcast 1503 - God-written tablets, inscribed to God, about the lawless and unusual 1504 marriage of the conversation, gives the ultimate and legalized reason. In the eightieth of his 1505 rule, “polygamy, the Holy Fathers,” a speech, “an unveiled cover of darkness, like bestial, and unusual human custom” 1506: since the third marriage is known to the law 1507, the fourth marriage and legal rules are forbidden. The fornicator has this untruth in himself alone 1508; and those of the fourth marriage, as if they had decided to mix it up for themselves, will be scolded by this prohibiting divine and sacred rule. He, who destroys the divine and sacred rules, such as piety, what answer awaits at the Last Judgment? - he then excommunicated himself from the glory of God. In theology, the same-name and great Gregory 1509 “the first, he said, marriage is the law, the second is forgiveness, the third is transgression, the fourth is wickedness: for this is a swinish life.” The wise Tsar Leo, and by the fourth marriage he had intercourse, in excommunication from the Patriarch Nikola, to whom the Tsar prayed a lot to free him from such a bond, and as he was implacable to remain, he was expelled from the church and in him again the place of Euthymia, the husband consecrated, was placed in the patriarchate. And he prayed a lot to free him from such a connection, and not only 1510 resolve him, but also rejected and unforgiven for the sake of a fourth marriage, forbidding him with many saints. According to the great word of Basil, if a husband 1511 lives with a fourth wife, or a wife with a fourth husband, those are excommunicated by divine rules: they do not enter the church 1512 for four years, but after the fourth year they enter the church, but do not receive divine communion until they are 18 years old, neither dora nor the bread of the Theotokos. The trigens of the overthrown 1513, like the defilements of the church, are commanded to be uninvolved even up to five years, and this past summer, and again in the summer, to come to divine communion on the honest and saving Easter days. During that great Lent, before that great day, let them purify themselves, for they have great strength. If the confessor sees that 1514 person, obliged by the prohibition, caring about that sin, and crying and sobbing; and walking in despondency of heart, he gives communion again to the third summer due to the third marriage. Whichever priest dares to do something beyond the commanded time to grant such divine communion will suffer for his degree. But to the third understanding, if someone wants to copulate, and if he is young and has no children from his first marriage or from the second, then he needs to reason with great penance as soon as he has copulation for the third marriage. And also teach your spiritual children to stop using nasty, inappropriate words that are barked at by their fathers and mothers, which is nowhere to be found among Christians. In the same way, 1515, parents would teach their children from 1516 so that they would not get used to saying dashing words. And those who do not have to listen, also excommunicate them from the church, do not give holy communion, dora, or the bread of the Mother of God. Also teach them not to listen to fables, not to accept dashing women, not to accept knots, not to pray, not to use potions, not to cast spells, and this is how it is, before that 1517 the wrath of God comes. And 1518 where such dashing women are, teach them to stop and repent; but if they do not listen, do not 1519 bless them; and order Christians not to keep them as boundaries anywhere: they would drive them away from themselves, and they themselves would run away from them, as if from uncleanness. And whoever does not listen to you, you also excommunicate them from the church. And if you perform weddings, you should marry on days, at mass, but at noon 1520 and at midnight, do not marry. And perform baptisms 1521 according to the tradition of the holy Apostles: do not pour water on them, but immerse them in water, in such a tub, three times, saying on the first immersion 1522: “in the name of the Father,” and on the second: “and the Son,” and on the third: “and the Holy Spirit.” And then you smear the great world. And there would be only one godfather, either male or female; and there wouldn’t be two godfathers, as there was before. And those abbots, or priests, or monks traded before this 1523, or gave silver in exchanges 1524, and that would not have come from these places 1525: lose that; the holy Apostles did not betray him, and the holy Fathers do not bless him: but for the same reason. And of course they wouldn’t marry girls under 12 years old, but marry them as they would in their third summer. And in which monastery there are monks, there would be no monks; but the monks would have lived alone 1526 in the monastery, without the monks: and the monks would have lived separately in the oprichna 1527 monastery. And ask him 1528: where the monks were from the beginning, there would be monks now; and where there were blueberries from the beginning, there would be blueberries now. And although from ancient times there will be monks and monks together in the monastery, otherwise it would not happen now. And where in which monastery would there be monks 1529, there would be priests elected from Balti with priests, but there would be no widower priest here. About seven more I will punish you 1530: if any person is called to the field, and comes to the priest to receive communion, otherwise he will not bring holy communion, nor kiss the honorable cross. And the priest who gives holy communion to such a priest is deprived of priesthood. And whoever climbs through it into the field and kills, destroys a soul, according to the great Basil’s word, is called a murderer, and does not enter the Church of God for four years, does not stand outside the church asking for forgiveness; After the fourth year, he again enters the church, but does not receive divine communion even until he is 18 years old, and neither dora nor the bread of the Mother of God. But the dead cannot be buried; and the priest who buries him is deprived of his priesthood. I pray to you, my beloved children in the Lord, to preserve and observe this with heartfelt attention, so that you may receive pardon and reward according to your wealth from the Lord God, and may receive my prayer and my blessing. For me to teach you according to the rules of the Holy Fathers is not laziness; I am already the father and teacher of my entrusted flock, which the Lord God has entrusted to me, and I have commanded you to shepherd your sacred flock, which He Himself redeemed with your honest blood. I proclaim to you soul-saving teachings from the divine rules; You will help 1531 yourself and me in true, spiritual corrections. Moreover, your correction is my correction 1532: it is necessary for 1533 true Christians to live according to the law and according to the tradition of the holy councils. If someone dares to destroy this charter, or if he does not observe these written ones, if he is a worldly person, he will receive judgment and execution from the holy cathedral church, according to the rules; the priest who did this will be deprived of his dignity, and the Lord God will reward his deeds at a terrible and unhypocritical judgment; Before anyone does anything, nothing is hidden: no one can hide from the 1534 seeing eye of 1535 sovereign and formidable torture. 1536 And about their nature they ordered 1537 to our humility in response to a question with the mayor, as if such a terrible thing happened to you: someone took upon himself the rank of priesthood and baptized: is it worthy to baptize them again, or not? And the thing that happened forced me 1538, and having searched for the rules of the Holy Fathers, I found this 1539: “And this was asked at the council by the holy Metropolitan of Herakleia, Manuel: is it worthy to be faithfully received, who was not baptized by a priest, having covered himself with a false priesthood? And the gift was given at the cathedral, as if 1540 Sitsevs were baptized. According to the words of the sacred apostolic canons, the 46th and 47th canons, the accomplishment of holy baptism was given only to the bishop and priest, and to no one else; This was also revealed from the 26th and 46th 1541 Council of Laodicea: Ovu 1542 for not asking for renunciation of them for baptism, who were not brought from the bishop, commanded, ouzhe 1543 - whether the enlightened ones should proclaim the faith by the bishop and priest 1544; or neither, but also 1545 spoken at the 6th Council and the hedgehog in Carthage, who do not have notice about some, even if 1546 will be baptized, without a doubt they command to baptize. In no way is it reverent, below confirmed, the baptized from one who did not accept the power to baptize and for the sake of baptism to give remission through sin (cleaningly, divine baptism), the faithful 1547 are worthy to be counted. 1548 is no small misfortune, food will be deprived of cleansing from such an unknown doubt; We ignorantly commune with the unbaptized: just as he is unholy, so his unbaptism will be imputed.” For this reason, about this thing about what happened, you are looking for that they were baptized by that lying priest, and how many of them you will find, and again baptize them according to the tradition of the holy Apostles: in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, and then anoint them with the great myrrh. I have heard, my beloved children of the Lord, about your Orthodox Christianity, how you hold the Orthodox faith, according to the tradition of the holy Apostles and the holy Fathers of the seven councils, who established the faith. I again rejoiced in seven with the joy of my heart, and with that I bless us, my children, and pray for your Orthodoxy to the All-Merciful God and His Most Pure Mother, for the observance and strengthening of your power, and for protection and help. You still stand for Orthodox Christianity, and have pure love for God, and may you receive pardon from Him on everything, and may the ineffable goodness and ineffable light give you, instead of perishable things, pleasure, and may you receive both my prayer and my blessing. And the letter was given in Moscow, June 22, 1551 In the original there is further reading, probably included in the text from the margin. before my eyes... yours are not in S. to see off S. - The message was written on Peter's Fast (June 22). divine teachings of the divine and sacred Apostles ruled by S. The original follows further and, which is not necessary. The words: the trigens of those who are overthrown are crossed out in S. Instead of that, S: for that sake. In C it was first written in days; but then it was corrected in the evening. Create in the original; corrected according to S. On the field, a later hand was added to the growth. In both lists we will add; corrected in accordance with letter No. 33. In both lists, blueberries are incorrect. Words: my correction is not in S. In the original I ordered; corrected according to S. The following is a passage from the alphabetical Syntagma of Vlastar, lit. V. Ch. 3. (Σύντ. καν. VΙ, 120–121). In the original their sitsa; in With their sichtse. 46th from C and in accordance with the Greek. original. It is clearer in the Greek original: ἐπισκόπων κελεύοντος, τοῦ δὲ, τοὺς φωτιζομένους τὴν πίδτιν ἀπαγγέλλειν τοῖς ἐπισκόποις ἢ πρεσβυτέροις. In Greek: οὐ μὴν, ἀλλὰ καί οί ῤηθέντες, etc. In the original and not; corrected by S. True in the original; corrected according to C and according to the Greek text; τῶν πιστῶν καταλέγειν χορῷ. You might be interested in: