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Isaiah begins his prophecy about the captivity and slavery of his people with these words: Isa.1:2. Hear, heaven, and tell, earth. Since God, in the presence of heaven and earth, gave all kinds of blessings and consolations to His people, He calls heaven and earth as a testimony and reveals to them all the wickedness of the people. They gave birth to sons and raised them up, but they rejected Me, that is, they betrayed Me and, as you see, served idols. Isa.1:3. The ox and the donkey knew his master's manger, but Israel did not know Me, and My people did not understand. The ox represents the Israelites, the donkey represents the Jews, because the Jews were much more reckless than the Israelites; God showed more of His favor to them, but they did not know Him, and thus fulfilled what was said: “all flesh corrupts its way” (Gen. 6:12). Isa.1:4. Alas, a sinful tongue... a wicked seed, a son of iniquity, They are lawless in their evil thoughts and deeds. The prophet did not say that only some of the people were ungodly and became apostates, but together with their fathers, like them, their sons, the whole race, all the evil seed, turned away from the right path. Showing what their corruption and sin consisted of, Isaiah says: forsaken the Lord and angered the Holy One of Israel – angered by their idols and idols. Isa.1:5. Every head is in pain, and every heart is in sorrow, from the fear of persecutors and from the horror of those who take captives. Isa.1:6. From the soles of the feet even to the head there is no integrity in it. From the last to the first, all of them will be amazed. Scabs..., ulcers... and wounds 1, inflicted by those who captivate, - these are disasters with which the captives will oppress and strike the Jews with all cruelty, leaving them no opportunity to heal their ulcers. And the fact that the wounds cannot be bandaged or healed means either real ulcers inflicted with a sword or spear and leaving incurable marks on the body, or the killing of parents, brothers and children - these are also incurable blows. Isa.1:7. Your land is empty that is, your land, which was fertile, will become barren through your fault. And rain your fire and burn those who take captives; strangers will devour your country before you, that is, the inhabitants introduced and settled in it by Shalmaneser; and desolately cast away from strangers, like Sodom, which was desolate and deprived of its inhabitants. Isa.1:8. The daughter Zion will be left behind, that is, all the cities of Judea and, especially, Jerusalem. like a tabernacle in the vineyard, and like a vegetable storehouse in the garden Judah, in its desolation, is like a tabernacle (tent, pavilion) in a harvested vineyard, and a vegetable storehouse in a garden (in a garden), in which the fruits have already been harvested, because in the tabernacle and vegetable storehouse there are guards while the fruits have not yet been collected, and when the fruits are collected, the guards are no longer needed. Isa.1:9. And if the Lord of hosts had not left us the remaining seed, as Sodom would have been, and as Gomorrah would have been likened. They would be like Sodom and Gomorrah, which, together with their inhabitants, were burned and destroyed by fire that came down from heaven, so that nothing remained of them. And Jerusalem and its inhabitants would have become like Sodom and Gomorrah, if the Lord had not had mercy on us and left us offspring to continue our family. Isa.1:12. When children appear... before My faces... Walk through My courtyard. God enters into judgment with His people, as if to say: when you came to appear before My face with repentance and prayer, did I then reject the sacrifices of praise and demand bloody sacrifices at your hands? You shall not walk in the courtyard of My sanctuary, – (do not continue in future) with such victims. Isa.1:13. ...The censer is an abomination. Therefore, know that the incense, which you consider favorable to Me, is an abomination in My sight. I do not accept what was acquired through deception and violence. Since what you bring was obtained by robbery and oppression of the poor, then your sacrifices and vows, as well as Isa.1:14. My soul hates your holidays. Isa.1:15. Whenever you stretch out your [your] hands to Me, When, during your sorrows, you lift up your hands to me in prayer, I will turn My eyes away from you... for your hands are full of blood, stained with the blood of the prophets and saints you killed. And in this blood that you have shed, the mystery of that Holy Blood that you will shed is foreshadowed. Isa.1:16. Wash yourself [and] be clean not from external impurities, but from one’s evil deeds, which are constantly before My face. - do good to the oppressed, whom you yourself have condemned by taking unrighteous gifts; judge the Syrian and acquit the widow, - whom you did not want to listen to, because they did not have, and they could not bring you gifts. Isa.1:18. And come, and let us make peace with each other, that is, if you judge the right and listen to the voice of the orphans and widows, then come to Me and ask; I will hear you, says the Lord. And though your sins be as scarlet, they will be as white as snow. The crimson color means defiled and sinful flesh, and snow is the color of purity and innocence. “Your sins... will be as white as snow” with the hyssop of My mercy. Isa.1:19. And... the good one will demolish the earth, as God promised you in His law. Isa.1:20. If you don’t want to... you will belt the sword, Isa.1:21. What a harlot the faithful city was... full of judgment; is he really at peace? the prophet cries out in surprise, amazed at such an unkind change, amazed that the city of judgment and righteousness has turned from a chaste woman into a harlot; the city, which was faithful in the time of David, was now, in the time of the last kings, filled with murderers. Isa.1:22. Your silver is untested. There is a false mark on it. Your innkeepers mix wine and water, - to take more silver for it. Isa.1:23. Your princes do not repent, they are the common people, that is, those who put a false mark on silver and mix wine with water. for, as the prophet says, they love to take gifts, they seek gifts from those who have not yet given. Isa.1:24. I will bring judgment upon my enemy, that is, I will punish the princes who hate Me, and the innkeepers and their friends - My enemies. Isa.1:25. And I will lay My hand on you, that is, after the defeat inflicted on the house of Jehoiakim and Jehoiachin. And I will inflame all your rebellious ones, I will punish them with captivity, - because they did not listen to Me during the peace. And I will take away all your wicked ones. They will all go into captivity, I will not leave anyone behind, as was the case under the two kings mentioned earlier. Isa.1:26. And I will restore your judgment[pl] as before, - just like in the time of David. Isa.1:27. Zion... with judgment... will be saved, that is, either by the judgment that will befall Babylon, or by the fulfillment of the time of slavery, which Divine justice has appointed for the Jews. And his captivity with righteousness. Zion will be delivered for the righteousness of Daniel, Zerubbabel and other righteous people like them. Isa.1:29. They will be ashamed of their idols, which they themselves desired; they will be ashamed because these idols do not deliver them; and they will be ashamed about the idols that they have made for themselves; they will be put to shame because these idols did not deliver them from captivity, did not help them in their sorrows. They will be like Terebinth 2, sweeping away the leaves [own[pl]] They will be deprived of all help, like Terebinth, whose leaves fall from the heat, Isa.1:30. and like a helicopter city without water during the heat. Isa.1:31. And their strength will be like a stalk of flax, - that is, the strength of their disobedience, - and their works are like sparks of fire, which fall into the grave, and everything turns to ashes. In this place, and in some others, especially this book of the prophet Isaiah, the Syriac text has its own characteristics, sometimes deviating from the text of the Seventy Interpreters and presenting traces of translation from the Hebrew. The publishers considered it necessary to present the Syriac text in the translation in the form in which it was found in Asseman's edition, leaving researchers to determine the relationship of this text to Hebrew and Greek, and the origin of deviations from one or the other. A special tree belonging to the pistachio family. You might be interested in: