Letters to Archpriest A. V. Gorsky

Letters from Professor A.F. Lavrov-Platonov (later Alexy, Archbishop of Lithuania) to Archpriest A.V. Gorsky. Alexander Feodorovich Lavrov-Platonov, later Reverend. Alexy, Archbishop of Lithuania, was a student of the 19th year of the Moscow Theological Academy. At the end of the course, in 1854, he was left at the Academy as a bachelor in the department of church law and church literature (and for some time also in Greek); in addition, from 1862 to 1870 he served as librarian of the Academy. When, in the early seventies, the question of transforming the spiritual-judicial part was raised - in relation to the spirit of the new judicial statutes (1864) - and for this transformation a committee was established in St. Petersburg, A.F. was appointed a member of this committee and was summoned to St. Petersburg, where he lived for the most part, from April 26, 1870 to December 12, 1872. The main idea of ​​​​the proposed reform - taking away judicial power from the bishops and leaving almost only administrative power in their hands - did not find sympathy in A.F.: moreover, he came to the conviction that it directly contradicts the spirit of church canons. Being, with extreme humility and modesty, at the same time a person extremely persistent in his convictions, A.F. immediately and boldly raised his voice against the proposed reform and in this sense published a number of articles: “A New Question in the Orthodox Russian Church”, “Second Apology on a New Question”, “Third Apology on a New Question” and a little later - “Proposed Reform of the Church Court”, in two issues (St. Petersburg, 1873). Despite the attacks, among other things in the press, since some of it defended the proposed reform, A.F. did not weaken his protest and had the consolation of seeing the triumph of his cause: the proposed reform was not carried out. – Somewhat earlier, in 1865 – 1867, A.F. spent the summer holidays in St. Petersburg for the sake of his studies. During all these years, living far from his native Academy, A.F. maintained lively relations with her and was in constant correspondence with Fr. rector, prot. A.V. Gorsky, whom he deeply respected and himself enjoyed his sincere affection. In 1878, after the death of his wife, A.F. accepted monasticism with the name Alexy, was elevated to the rank of archimandrite and appointed rector of the Savvin Storozhevsky Monastery, and a little later, in the same 1878, he was consecrated Bishop of Mozhaisk, second vicar of the Moscow Metropolis. In 1883, the Right Reverend Alexy was appointed first vicar of the same metropolis, and in 1885 he received an independent Lithuanian see, where, already in the rank of archbishop, he died on November 10, 1890. Preserved in the papers of prot. A.V. Gorsky St. Petersburg letters to him prof. A.F. Lavrov and are now offered to the attention of readers of Theological Bulletin. Most Reverend Father Rector! Taking advantage of your gracious permission for my vacation, I safely arrived in St. Petersburg on the evening of the 29th and have the honor to present a brief report on the beginning of my activities in St. Petersburg. – I received access to the files of the Archives of the Holy Synod the very next day after my arrival without difficulty, with one verbal permission from the manager of the Chancellery V.I. Avchinnikova. But studying is now less convenient than it was before. Both in the summer and autumn of last year, after the officials left, the key to the Archive remained with the guard, and I was allowed access to the Archive at any time, even without officials. Nowadays this convenience does not exist. I have to take the files I need from the archival officials against receipt and send them upstairs to the office, where I have to deal with them. After the officials leave, the Archive is locked and the key is given to the official on duty, who has no right to let anyone in there. This change in the previous order was caused by an anonymous denunciation of the watchman, in which an unknown person accused the watchman of selling schismatic books. Whether the watchman is guilty or not, God knows; only as a result of this denunciation it was removed, and the Archive is maintained with the rigor I indicated. – The Commission on the Best Organization of the Synodal Archive 1 operates according to the custom of other commissions and committees: until now, in the course of almost six months from the date of its opening, the commission has considered almost all the files for 1721 - the first year from which archival affairs begin, and smaller in volume than each of the subsequent years. If the affairs of the commission continue as before, then in 75 years we can hope for the completion of its work. Meanwhile, the money allocated for the commission is already being withdrawn, and a new allocation will soon be required. “I’m still staying in a hotel, but maybe I’ll move to the Lavra and live with my father, an inspector.” In addition to these news that directly concern me, let me bring to your attention some others that I have heard from various people. They talk about the following movements of the Right Reverends, which seem to have taken place finally: to Vladimir, to the place of the dismissed Reverend. Feofana 2, Volynsky 3 is moved, Vyatsky 4 is moved to Volyn, Vologodsky 5 is moved to Vyatka, rector Pavel Vyatsky is appointed to Vologda 6. One of these days the Novgorod rector Macarius 7 will be named bishop and vicar of Novgorod. It will be immediately after Rev. Metropolitan 8 will return from Novgorod. – And there will be a circular from the Holy Synod regarding the Highness. Rescript May 13, 9. The draft circular was written by Chief Secretary Nenarokomov and sent to the Chief Prosecutor. – There are also a lot of changes in the synod officials: the vice-director of the Spiritual-Teacher was fired. Department of Domontovich with the rank of Privy Councilor and with a pension according to the rank with an addition from the sums of the Synodal Printing House of 1500 rubles. In his place was appointed chief secretary of the Synod Tersinsky, from the masters of St. Petersburg. Academy 1843. – I.I. Polner 10 recently left the synod service and became a member of the St. Petersburg Judicial Chamber. This transition is associated with significant material donations for him. – The case of embezzlement of 75 thousand 11 will be decided in the Senate, they say, in September. I.S. Gaevsky will be defended by a crown lawyer. – The rules on councils of Russian bishops 12 will be drawn up on the basis of comments presented by our Bishop 13, and not on the basis of a draft drawn up by the synodal chief secretaries under the chairmanship of Polner. Count 14 sent an order about this from Moscow and entrusted Tersinsky with drawing up the rules. – Our comments from the Spiritual Educational Administration have not yet been transmitted to the Synod Office. They have probably not been delivered from all Academies yet. During the judgments in the Holy Synod about this matter, the idea was expressed - to ask the Eastern patriarchs about this - how they now understand this word in the 54th rule of the Trullo Council; but the protopresbyter confessor 16 noticed that the response of the patriarchs could embarrass the Holy Synod, and proposed to demand opinions from academic conferences. The meeting of the committee on religious and educational institutions will be on Monday the 4th. Upon arrival Fr. Inspector 18 has not yet had a single meeting. Father Inspector says that he will write to Your Reverence after the meeting. By the way, he says that the chairman and members of the committee whom he saw were very kind to him. My letter should be in the Posad on the day of our holiday 19. Therefore, I humbly ask you to accept my most respectful congratulations on the holiday. I will try to be at the Trinity Compound on this day. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with deep devotion I have the honor to be Your Reverence, my most humble servant extra-ord. Professor Alexander Lavrov. Having arrived safely in St. Petersburg, it is my duty to thank you for giving me permission to go here. I settled, as expected, at the Academy, in the apartment of P.F. Komarov 20, who even before my arrival went to his homeland. I just started studying at the Archives of the Holy Synod, whose doors are always open for me in the most kind way. The Academy promises to soon give me the catalogs, which are now in the possession of His Eminence Palladius, who reviewed the Academy. “I still saw few people and therefore did not learn much about local affairs; I hope that you will forgive me for the paucity of my news. About the 22nd Master's Jubilee was the first question I received from the local academic fathers. rector 23 and inspector 24. On the part of the St. Petersburg Academy, preparations are being made, as Fr. Inspector, address, which will be provided by Fr. rector. I don’t yet know what is to come from the Holy Synod, because I haven’t seen I.A. Nenarokomov, but could not get any sense from others. – Members of the Educational Committee, according to Fr. inspectors appointed until now - he is Fr. Chrysanthus, Archpriest of the Rudakov Mining Corps (Petersburg Acad., 1849), Archpriest Samuil Mikhailovsky (it seems, the son-in-law of Mich. Izm. Bogoslovsky), Chistovich 25, professor at Blagoveshchensky University 26 and inspector of the Mariinsky Institute of Kedrov 27. The last two are specialists in Latin and Greek. There is still one more wandering member 28 - I.A. Nenarokomov 29. They are talking about Shavrov 30, but it seems that this has not been decided yet. Other auditors desiderantur. This honor was offered to the local professor L., but he set conditions that were not agreed to, namely, he wanted an academic pension to be added to the auditor’s salary (and he serves only for another 20 years). The committee chairman has not arrived yet. He will receive Sukhotin's apartment in the building of the Spiritual Department. But they don’t talk about any other positions. The staff of the committee in the State Council has not yet been approved - due to late submission, before the Council vacation. Will be reviewed in September. – The St. Petersburg Academy actually presented a project according to which it is proposed to leave only theological sciences and the languages ​​Greek and Hebrew in the Academies 31 . Professors of secular sciences did not agree with this, but their protest was only mentioned. According to Father Chrysanthos, the chief prosecutor seized on this idea. An extract from the projects presented by the Academies will soon appear in the Northern Post 32. The committee that has to transform the Academy will, according to rumors, be the same, perhaps without M.I. Bogoslovsky 33, but with the addition of the rector of the Academy. – The Chief Prosecutor is leaving soon: first to Warsaw, then to the Kiev and St. Petersburg educational districts. – A description of the affairs of the Synodal Archive for 1721 is being printed; the first 14 sheets, perhaps soon I will be able to send you along with Boissard’s book “L’ Église de Russie”, 1867, which I briefly saw at Wolf’s and which, it seems, we do not yet have. In addition to this Description, the commission compiled a Collection of all decrees on church affairs 34 issued in 1721. More than 200 decrees were collected, while in the Complete Collection of Laws there are only 35. The manuscript is submitted to the chief prosecutor. There will probably be 30 printed sheets. Now the year 1722 is described. – The Judicial Committee 35 has completed its studies and will soon submit its work to the Holy Synod. There are three dissenting opinions on some points. – Ἑ ξαδέλφη will also soon be presented to the Synod. The opinions of other Academies agree with ours. But other Academies did not try to prove as we did; the St. Petersburg Academies, for example, resolved the issue on one page, the Kazan Academies on three pages and very easily. Kyiv presented more, but still not ours. – The local Academy has received permission from the Holy Synod, given to the Theological Academies, to order books from abroad without censorship 36 . It seems that this permission has not yet come to us. – I asked one secretary about the decree regarding widows and orphans of the clergy 37 and this is what I managed to find out: the matter arose as a result of a request from one widow to assign a place to her daughter, submitted at a time when Lavrov was filling the post of chief prosecutor 38 . In pencil he wrote on the request: “such requests should not be accepted at all.” Then this request with a note fell into the hands of a comrade, who ardently took up the matter and conveyed the same ardor to the chief prosecutor himself. The chief secretary to whom this matter was entrusted, Pavlovsky (Master of Kiev), objected, but “you can’t break a butt with a whip,” the secretary who told me about the matter noted. The Metropolitan, having signed the protocol, brought it with him to the Synod and said: “Everything that is written in this protocol is true, but how will we support our poor?” But the protocol had already been signed and the matter was thus over. – Now, while writing the letter, I received a lithographed “Draft of the Statute of the Orthodox Theological Academies”, presented by the St. Petersburg Academy. They will promise to give you a copy; then I will send it to you immediately. I humbly ask Your Reverence to convey my respects to Father Inspector, Father Philaret 39 and the rest of our brethren. On this occasion, please accept my congratulations on the feast of St. Sergius. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with true reverence and complete devotion, I have the honor to be E.-o. prof. Alexander Lavrov. Your Reverence's order to my master was fulfilled through a letter. Fulfilling the orders of Your Reverence, I have the honor to report herewith an exact copy of the Chief Prosecutor’s proposal dated June 29, 40. – From the members of the Synod, as Ivan Al told me. Nenarokomov, 41 Archbishop Vasily 42 will go to bring greetings. – I bought Boissard’s book from Wolf for 4 rubles. 20 kopecks and sent it to you. – The Metropolitan Metropolitan here currently lives at Ilyin’s dacha on the Peterhof road and, they say, is not entirely healthy. – My classes go as usual – from 9 to 4 o’clock in the Archive, evening at home. Now I have finally received catalogs of manuscripts and books from the local library. For me, the most difficult thing was always to get anything I needed at the Academy. And on this visit, the same thing that was experienced before was repeated. It is not in vain that the local rector wants to appoint a Dane who also knows Russian to the position of librarian. Forgive me for the paucity of my writing. The strength is not in him, but in the chief prosecutor’s proposal communicated with this. Asking for the blessings of Your Eminence, with true reverence and devotion I have the honor to be Your Eminence the most devoted servant of E.-O. Ave. In my letter to you dated July 5, I conveyed a proposal regarding the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the priesthood of His Eminence the Bishop. Now, having found in the Synodal Archive another sentence relating to the beginning of this priesthood, I have the honor to present it to you in an exact copy. Perhaps it is unknown to you in its exact form. “Protocol Art. 63. 1817 July 26 days, according to the Named His Imperial Majesty's Highest Decree, given to the Holy Synod on the 23rd day of this month with His Majesty's own signature, which depicts: “Based on the opinion of the Metropolitan of Novgorod and St. Petersburg, I command: the Moscow first-class, Novospassky monastery to consecrate Archimandrite Philaret to the rank of bishop, vicar of the St. Petersburg diocese, with the title of Bishop of Revel, leaving him, however, as rector of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy as before, and under his control of the Novospassky Monastery. He shall perform the office of vicar according to the rules that exist for vicar bishops; the next salary for this rank shall be made from the amounts generally referred to as the spiritual department; instead of 60 acres of land, fisheries, mills and 12 servants, allotted to vicars, give two thousand rubles a year from the same amounts. The services of the clergy during the priestly service, as well as the sacristy, will be provided to him from the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. The Holy Synod will not leave the proper order in this regard.” – St. Rule. The Synod Ordered: 1) This Highest Order of His Imperial Majesty to the said Archimandrite Philaret be announced by decree, so that the order for his naming and consecration as a bishop will be made in the future; 2) G. Privy Council. Synod to Chief Prosecutor Prince. A.N. Golitsyn to provide: a) report to the Sovereign Emperor and ask the High. permission regarding the appointment of the time and place of the naming and consecration of Archimandrite Philaret as a bishop and b) on the production, in accordance with the force of the above-mentioned Highest Decree, for the vicar of the St. Petersburg Diocese to the bishop of the next salary according to this rank and another 2000 rubles. per year, from the amounts allocated for the spiritual department, communicate with the Minister of Finance, for the sake of determining this, give a copy to the chief prosecutor's affairs. – 3) To the Synodal Member, His Eminence Ambrose, Metropolitan of Novgorod and St. Petersburg for proper execution in due time according to the above. command, and for information about it to the Moscow and Georgian-Imereti St. Send decrees to the Synod Office and to other synodal members and diocesan bishops, also to the stauropegic laurels and monasteries, to His Majesty’s Chief Staff and to the Moscow Printing Office, and to communicate the authority to the Governing Senate, and to forward an extract from this determination to the Commission of Theological Schools. Ambrose M. Novgorodsky. Confessor Pavel Krinitsky. Chief Priest John Derzhavin." I received your Reverence’s letter dated July 5th on the 7th. In addition to the above, I consider it not superfluous to add the following from the journals of the Holy Synod: Aug. 4th 1817 “In pursuance of what was announced on the 3rd day of this month G. Tyne. Sov. Synod. Chief Prosecutor Prince. A.N. Golitsyn Highest. The command took place on this 4th day, the naming of St. Petersburg. D. Ak. To the rector of Novospas. monastery to Archimandrite Philaret, named vicar of St. Petersburg. Diocese of Bishop of Revel, next. Arr.: by order of the Holy Synod, archimandrites and other clergy, as well as officials and visitors of other ranks who had arrived for this occasion, were admitted into the meeting. After this, the local archpriests of St. Andrew's Cathedral, Peter Pesotsky, and the Annunciation Church, Alexei Minoshsky, having accepted the blessing of the Holy Synod, led him into the members' chamber, where they announced to him, the archimandrite, His most merciful Emperor. Majesty's decree through the synod. Chief Secretary Sveshnikov, and he, the archimandrite, said the answer, according to the models established for this. This was followed by his naming him Bishop of Revel according to his ordination. The protodeacon exclaimed, and the choristers sang for many years, at the beginning of His Imperator. Majesties and Their Emperor. To your Majesties, also Their Emperor. Your Highnesses, and finally, St. To the Synod and the newly appointed bishop, Archimandrite Philaret. After which, after sprinkling the named St. with water, both he and the clergy and other ranks left the meeting. They ordered to write about this in a journal and give a copy for the file. Magazine Aug. 8 1817 Art. 40. Synodal members and cavaliers verbally announced that, in fulfillment of the High. decrees of July 23 and August 3. Moscow Archimandrite of the Novospassky Monastery and the local Academy Rector Filaret On the 5th of this month Synod. Members: Ambrose Mitrop. Novgorod and St. Petersburg, Michael Archbishop. Chernigov and Seraphim Archbishop. Tver to Bishop of Revel, vicar of St. Petersburg. The diocese, according to church rites, in the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity, which is in the Alexander Lavra, was consecrated, and the bishop’s oath taught by him, signed by those who consecrated him and him, the bishop, was presented. They ordered: 1) His Eminence Philaret, Bishop of Revel, to be provided by the Holy Synod with a letter for this dignity, which will be printed in the local Synod. Offer the printing house to the Holy Synod for signing. 2) The order regarding the remembrance of his name, the bishop, in church services, where appropriate, and his introduction into the correction of the position of vicar according to the rules that exist for this rank for vicar bishops, to be provided by the Most Reverend. Ambrose Metropolitan of Novgorod. and St. Petersburg. 3) About the said dedication and about the fulfillment of other things that followed about this by the Most High. orders to present the most comprehensive report to the Sovereign Emperor. 4) Keep the said oath with others in the registry, and for printing the letter, give a copy of this journal to the printing department. I don’t hear any news here and can tell you little. – The chairman of the Spiritual Educational Committee arrived in St. Petersburg the other day. Immediately upon his arrival, the chief prosecutor intended to hold a meeting of the committee members. – I.A. Nenarokomov has already been confirmed as a member of the committee. The first train of auditors is expected this winter to those Seminaries where the transformation will be introduced next year. - The former director of the Spiritual Educational Directorate Sukhotin has been assigned to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and, they say, will be the Tver vice-governor. – The head of the Committee’s office, they say, will be Tomnovid, who was the head of the department. in Spirit.-Uch. Management. - Finally, last Wednesday the matter of εξαδέλφη was completed. Definitely - an extract from the case and opinions should be distributed to all existing members of the Synod for discussion. – In Vasiliev’s place in Paris there will supposedly be Prilezhaev from Nice, and in Nice Vasiliev’s future second son-in-law, now a graduated St. Petersburg student Levitsky 43 . – Alexander Lvovich 44 will allegedly be transferred to the local Academy - to the second department of Dogmatics, now vacant. – No one here knows about the article published about our students, at least no one spoke to me: the newspaper must be read only in backyards. The three archimandrites with whom I had the opportunity to see (Chrysanthus, Andrei and Ephraim) only mocked our granting of the Vladyka as honorary guardians. – I have not yet been able to collect information on the subject of exercising the right to uncensoredly check out books, because the month of July is vacant at the Public Library. – I finally gained access to academic manuscripts, thanks to the unparalleled commitment of Father Rector, who himself takes me to the library. I work at the Synod from 9 to 4. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with perfect respect and deepest devotion I have the honor to be E. o. prof. Alexander Lavrov. After my last letter (dated July 16) to you, something new happened here and, by the way, concerns me personally, which I have the honor to present to you, asking for your discretion and advice. On the 20th, I received the usual note ordering me to appear the next day at 2 o’clock before the Chief Prosecutor. When I showed up at the appointed time, after general questions - how long had I been in St. Petersburg and what was I doing - the chief prosecutor asked me - would I like to take one of the two still unoccupied positions as an auditor in the Spiritual Educational Committee? I replied that I could not give an answer suddenly, and asked for time so that I could think and consult. After haggling with me, the count finally agreed to wait for an answer from me until the 4th or 5th of August. Speaking about the essence of this position offered to me, the Chief Prosecutor noted that those who took on this responsibility would have to carry out real and serious audits, and not fictitious ones, such as were academic audits, according to which everything turned out to be all well and good, and which, by the way, were sometimes sometimes undertaken by some professor going to his homeland. The auditors will have to spend about six months traveling, the rest of the time participating in meetings and committee affairs in St. Petersburg. Having explained to me the essence of audit duties and the salary required for them (2000 rubles), the chief prosecutor added: “however, if you do not sympathize with this matter, then it is better not to undertake it, because then you will perform poorly.” In response to my fear that these new responsibilities would distract me from the case that I had been working on for a long time, the chief prosecutor noted that this fear was in vain, because there would still be time left, and pointed to himself. Having asked about the number of my children, he released me, agreeing to wait for an answer from me through a letter in Moscow or in the Lavra, “since, he added, I do not yet know where the anniversary will be celebrated” 45. - N.A. Nenarokomov warned me about the intention of the local authorities to make me this offer, and I was already thinking to myself: a) about my inability to do this truly difficult task (to be an eternal traveling auditor - for this you need to have the ability and disposition that I do not have), b) about the little correspondence of the proposed position with my previous and present occupations, which I like and which I will have to give up, and c) finally, about the insignificance material benefits associated with the proposed position: for new work, for serious and enormous work, I will receive 2000 rubles, from which I will have to rent an apartment in St. Petersburg, where apartments are expensive and other maintenance is more expensive than the townsman, whereas now for work that is handy and familiar to me I receive 1200 rubles. with a very nice apartment and heating. These thoughts did not change in me even after I received the offer from the chief prosecutor. Now I ask for your advice and clarification, whether this is how I look at this proposal or whether I should change my views. To find out your opinion on this, I will appear before Your Reverence on August 4, and on the 5th I will give an answer to His Excellency. – But enough about me. It's time to turn to common affairs. The first meeting of the Training Committee in its entirety, excluding two unappointed auditors, was held by the Chief Prosecutor on Thursday the 20th at two o’clock and lasted about two and a half hours. It was all occupied by the speech of the Chief Prosecutor, who outlined in a fairly detailed essay the history of the issue of the latest transformation of theological educational institutions, spoke about the difficulties with which this matter was associated, especially in respect of the canonical rights of bishops and the independence of educational institutions, pointed out the unsatisfactoryness of previous audits carried out by the Academies, the unsatisfactory consideration of manuscripts entrusted to them by academic conferences and books that were supposedly handed over by mentors who received them for consideration from the conference for discussion by students, I read excerpts from reports of Nikolai Alexandrovich 46 from Ryazan and Kostroma. According to Father Chrysanthos, he has some strange prejudices against the previous order and against the Academies. – Ordinary meetings of the Committee will open from next Tuesday and will take place weekly on this day, in the former premises of the Spiritual Educational Directorate. The chairman is here alone, without a family, lives with Fr. rector of the Academy. The Academy has already made a proposal for the transfer of Alexander Lvovich to Dogmatics to the St. Petersburg Academy; approval will probably follow soon and before the departure of the Chief Prosecutor from St. Petersburg, scheduled for the 26th. The rector of the Kyiv Academy 47 by telegram asked the local Fr. rector - what is to be from the St. Petersburg Academy on the occasion of the anniversary of our Bishop, and received an answer that an address will be presented from the Academy's Mentors, and the rector himself will present. – This was reported to Kazan by the mentor of the Kazan Academy who is here. Maybe all academic rectors will gather for the anniversary. The Metropolitan Bishop here has a formal leave of absence from the Highest permission for all vacation time in the Synod, i.e. for June and July. He still lives at Ilyin’s dacha along the Peterhof road. My studies continue unchanged in the usual way; I don’t know what kind of success it will be. However, in every matter, it is our work, and success depends on the Will of God. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with perfect reverence and deep devotion, I have the honor to be I received your Reverence’s letter on the 25th. Although in my previous letter to you dated July 23, I said goodbye to you before a personal meeting in the Lavra, but since this land is richer in news than our Trinity, I take it upon myself to tell you some of such news. And first of all, I have the honor to present to your attention the letter of greeting of the Holy Synod to Bishop 48. Here is its text: “St. The Synod, in brotherly greeting of its oldest Member on the completion of the fiftieth anniversary of his archpastoral service, offers earnest thanks to the Supreme Shepherd, who showed a great sign of good provision for the Holy Church in the long days of your service, in the breadth of the field of fruitful activity, in the height of the exploits of faith and Christian love and the depth of God-enlightened wisdom; At the same time, he prays to the Giver of life and light to add days upon days to you, so that for a long time the Lamp will burn and shine for the candlestick of the church and our fatherland.” The certificate was written by Ivan.Vas. Rozhdestvensky 49. – The number of bishops scheduled to attend the anniversary will probably increase further. Reverend Savva 50 asked for a 28-day vacation to Moscow. – From here, in addition to the academic father of the rector, the seminary 51 will also go. From other local news I can report the following: the other day news was received at the Synod about a blow that happened to the Reverend. Orlovsky 52. - The Ryazan Eminence 53, they say, sent a request for retirement. Overbeck 54 publishes or will publish the Orthodox Russian Review magazine in London. The Holy Synod assigned 1,500 rubles as a subsidy for this publication. Class salaries 55 in those seminaries where the transformation has been introduced or will be introduced are not supposed to be issued. Since the students of the St. Petersburg Academy, who have now graduated, according to the new regulations, do not receive appointments, the Spiritual Educational Committee wants to take some measures for this 56. You are asking, Your Reverence, about my acquisitions. I don’t know how to definitively answer your question. One thing I can say for sure is that I try not to waste time as much as possible and have not yet taken advantage of a single invitation to spend an evening at the dacha. Sometimes I work with satisfied success, sometimes with little success. However, only the desire to work depends on me, success depends on the Will of God. I finally took a lot of books from the academic library, which I am now looking through. For the sake of succession, Alexander Lvovich is praised here for the now graduated student Andrei Volkov 57. He is the son of the archpriest of the Vladimir diocese from Ivanovo or Shuya. They say that he is a very efficient and very modest man, who has not even secured a place for himself before graduating - according to local custom, but intends to go where he is appointed. If this is true, then it suits us better. Father Rector of the Academy, when he is in the Lavra, will provide you with accurate and correct information about this; I cannot vouch for the certainty of my information. Asking for your blessing, with true reverence and deepest devotion, I have the honor to be E.-o. Professor Alexander Lavrov. This is where A.F.’s letters begin. Lavrov already as a member of the committee for the transformation of the spiritual and judicial part. Since all subsequent letters from A.F. to A.V. Gorsky concerns mainly the work of this committee, it is necessary to say a few words about the circumstances that gave rise to the idea of ​​spiritual-judicial reform, and about the composition of the committee. In the most comprehensive report on the Department of Orthodox Confession for 1870, Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod, Count. YES. Tolstoy, among other things, wrote: “The ecclesiastical court in the diocesan department is carried out according to the procedure defined in the statute of ecclesiastical consistories, Supremely approved on March 27, 1841 and drawn up in accordance with the rules of legal proceedings for the civil department contained in the code of laws published in 1832. Over time, this code was subject to various changes, and with the publication of the Supremely approved on November 20 1864 of judicial statutes, all legal proceedings and the judicial system itself in the civil department received a radical transformation, on completely different principles, which turned out to be completely consistent with the goals of justice... the statute of spiritual consistories, in relation to the order of the court, to this day exists in its original form, without any changes, and the church court still remains with the same forms, with the same order of proceedings. Meanwhile... some of the beginnings of new legal proceedings took place in the ancient Orthodox Church and partly in the ancient Russian; such are, for example, the orality and publicity of the trial, the predominance of the accusatory principle over the investigative one. In view of this, the Holy Synod came to the conviction of the need to transform the judicial part of the spiritual department, in accordance with the principles on the basis of which the transformation of the judicial system and legal proceedings in the civil, military and naval departments was carried out, to the extent that these principles will be applicable to the nature, goals and needs of the spiritual court. To discuss such an important matter and to draw up the main provisions for the transformation of the spiritual-judicial part, from which detailed statutes should then be developed, with the Highest permission that followed on January 12, 1870, a special committee was established under the chairmanship of Archbishop Macarius of Lithuania (Bulgakov, later (from 1879) Metropolitan of Moscow, who was present in the Holy Synod, † in 1882), from clergy and secular persons closely familiar with the theoretical or practical part of the judicial system and legal proceedings, ecclesiastical or secular.” (Extract from the report, St. Petersburg, 1871, pp. 262 – 264). The committee consisted of the following persons: From the spiritual department: the chief priest of the army and navies, Rev. Theologian, members of the spiritual consistories: St. Petersburg - Archpriest. Sodalsky, Moscow - Rev. Rozhdestvensky, Kyiv - Prot. Lebedintsev, prof. Kyiv University prot. Favorov; professor of church jurisprudence: Moscow. Spirit. Academy of Laurels and St. Petersburg Barsov and legal adviser to the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod Stepanov. From the II Department of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery: senior official of the Department Marcus and the acting one attached to him. stat. owls Lyubimov. From the Ministry of Justice: the ruler of the office of the Ministry Burlakov, the prosecutor of the St. Petersburg District Court Bazhenov, the comrade of the chairman of the same court Saburov and the chairman of the St. Petersburg Metropolitan Congress of Justices of the Peace Neklyudov. From the Ministry of Public Education: Professor of St. Petersburg University - civil law Pakhman and criminal law Chebyshev-Dmitriev. The committee's clerks were: Matveev, who was attached to the department of the Ministry of Justice, and Kamchatov, the secretary of the St. Petersburg Theological Canister. The committee began its meetings on April 30, 1870 and had 23 meetings during that year. Most Reverend and Most Honorable Guided by the blessing and good wishes of Your Reverence, I safely arrived in St. Petersburg at 5 o’clock in the evening on Sunday, April 25 and, having bowed to our common patron, the Holy Blessed Prince Alexander, I went to the Trinity Compound to see Vladyka 58. He was received graciously and learned from Vladyka that Ivan Nikolaevich 59 arrived on Saturday morning and on Sunday he was already serving with Vladyka at the courtyard, and that we were not late, and even it would have been possible to demand us not so urgently and hastily. The Committee on Censorship 60 has not yet finished its work, and the Reverend. Macarius could only open our committee on April 30th. At the courtyard I learned that Vladyka had received the Highest permission to go to the diocese on May 15. On Monday I came to the chairman, Rev. Macarius, and learned from him the comforting news that he, too, had received the Highest permission to go to the diocese on June 1 and that, therefore, we would now be kept in St. Petersburg for only one month. On Tuesday, at 12 o'clock, the archpriest and I introduced ourselves to the chief prosecutor. He spoke about the Judicial Committee and that it would be necessary to somehow separate the judicial power from the administrative power in the consistories. He asked me if we were making preparations at the Academy for the upcoming transformation 61 . He talked to us for about five minutes. - From him we went to the Reverend. To Metropolitan Isidore, who, in a conversation with us that lasted more than half an hour, spoke among other things about the need to unite the Bethany Seminary with the Moscow Seminary. In response to Father Archpriest’s remark that if this idea were implemented, there might be a shortage in filling places, the Metropolitan said that then it would be possible to invite surplus ones from other dioceses, for example, from Novgorod; In response to my opinion - that the Bethany Seminary is a charitable one, necessary for the poor - he objected that then the amounts allocated for the poor of Bethany would be transferred to Moscow. Having then gone to the office of the Chief Prosecutor, I carried out the order of Your Reverence regarding Kudryavtsev’s essay 62 . The essay was lost in the office; They are looking, but God knows whether they will find it. How to deal with this? I made inquiries at the Synod office about Father Mikhail's leave 63. Vacation, according to the secretary, is allowed, and the allowance is assigned in the amount of 800 rubles. Execution will follow when the journal is signed. Tuesday next week will be the last meeting of the committee on spiritual censorship. I am sure that no one at our Academy will guess what the committee came to. Nothing more or less than to transfer spiritual censorship to the secular department and combine it with the secular one, so that the secular censorship department includes members who have received an academic education and are appointed not without the knowledge of the spiritual government. Having come to this conclusion, the committee did not draw up any project, but only one note, which, with the approval of the Holy Synod, it submitted to the Urusov Commission on censorship. All this will not come true soon. Member of the Urusov Commission I.I. Polner told me in response to my question about the progress of the case in their commission that the further the work of their commission continues, the better it is for all this to settle down. The members of that committee are obliged by their word of honor to observe the strictest secrecy and thank the literature for keeping silent, following their suggestions. One thing he told me was that it wouldn’t get any worse. Yesterday - Thursday - there was the first meeting of our committee, which lasted from 7 and a half hours to 10. Nothing particularly important was announced. The secular ones showed that they could speak, and did not learn our logic and philosophy. Of all the conversations, one thing turned out at the end - that at the next meeting we will read the main provisions of the new judicial system in order and discuss which is applicable to the spiritual court and which is not. Meetings will be once a week, therefore four in total. Everyone is shouting that they are up to their necks in work, of course, except for us who have been called. The secular ones spoke more, but not all of our people were silent; among our people, except for the chairman, our Moscow member of the consistory and Kyiv Lebedintsev spoke. Favorov has not arrived yet. There were 17 people at the meeting, including two clerks. I would have liked to see my father and the archpriest somewhere together, but it was not possible. He stayed with his son, a university student, on Vasilievsky Island, but he found the apartment inconvenient and could not find another apartment nearby. Without waiting for him and not wanting to bother with Vasilyevsky, I found myself an apartment on Nevsky Prospekt opposite Nikolaevskaya Street in building No. 98, Lopatinykh, apartments. No. 25. And here is my address, if Your Reverence would like to give me any instructions. For this reason, asking myself the blessings of Your Reverence, with perfect reverence and devotion, I have the honor to be e. O. Professor Alexander Lavrov Most Reverend and Most Honorable Father Rector! I did not immediately respond to Your Reverence’s letter of May 9, because I disappeared in vanity like our days of smoke. Sorry. I offer my sincere gratitude to Your Reverence for calling on God’s help for our cause. We need it, we desperately need it now. The spirit of this world, strong and always, now, as it seems to me, acts with special power and not even in the sons of disobedience alone, but, to our deepest regret, also in those who ex officio should have been and acted like sons of grace. Moscow 64, however, is not with them. And I, your most zealous servant, for the note I read at the second meeting, already have the nickname obscurantissimus, whose chairman is more liberal. Our forces are very weak from the outside, although the truth is on our side. We will have only one meeting before the chairman leaves. Then he expressed the idea that after his departure he would establish a small committee to continue the work. We pray and ask for your prayers so that we are not left on this committee. Having shaken the ashes of this, albeit reigning, city from my feet, I would quickly like to fly on wings like a dove to the whole of some place 65. To the questions of Your Reverence, upon making inquiries, here are the answers I have the honor to give: 1. The Director of the Office of the Chief Prosecutor does not know anything about the nomination for awards made by our Academy; he says that it was not with him, and suggests whether our Lord still has this idea. 2. Nobody is talking about moving our Academy to Moscow 66 in official spheres, and there is no thought about it. Everyone I could approach with this question just laughs. “Who told you?” - Yes, they write in the newspapers. – “You never know what they talk about in the newspapers. After all, you don’t have money for this, and we certainly haven’t.” There was a speech, but only a speech, in the Holy Synod about another move - namely, about the move of the Kazan Academy to Vilna 67. The Chief Prosecutor does not like the high cost of the Academy, and he expressed the idea that it would be possible to combine two into one. Then there would be savings of 200,000. But he added: let it not be with me. – 3. The director of the chief prosecutor’s office promised not to forget about the sending of seminar programs to the Academy and to take measures to ensure that they were sent. About the Most Reverend John 68 was published in the form of a rumor already in “Golos” on May 19 and in “Birzhevye Vedomosti” on May 20. The department will be in San Francisco; In the meantime, a church will be built there and that’s it, the bishop will live in New York. The naming, if I'm not mistaken, is Kuril and Aleutian. They write in “Golos” that Biering 69, who recently joined the Orthodox Church and now already has the rank of priesthood (although he allegedly has a widow as his wife), will be in the retinue of the Right Reverend American. His Eminence Ryazan 70 instructed me to convey that he sends blessings and veneration to Your Reverence and the Academy. He stays in St. Petersburg for the summer, and from this he concludes that they will last through the winter. The chief prosecutor leaves for the estate on June 2. Comments have already been sent to Kudryavtsev with a frank admission that the reasoning has been lost, and with a signature for him to correct the draft. Asking for Your Reverence's blessings and prayers, with the utmost respect and devotion, I have the honor to be extra-ord. Professor Alexander Lavrov. Encouraged by the blessing of Your Reverence, I successfully made the journey to St. Petersburg. In Moscow, he received the Vladyka’s blessing upon his return from the Nikitsky Monastery, at about two o’clock, and after that he went to St. Petersburg alone. Ivan Nikolaevich remained in Moscow for another two days to wait for the Kyiv 71, with whom he would go to St. Petersburg. I have fulfilled one order of Your Reverence and am reporting the essence of the certificates I received. The idea of ​​a new cathedra 72 was approved by the Holy Synod, but in a rather crippled form, according to the opinion of the Spiritual Educational Committee, written by Chistovich. Chistovich criticizes both parts of the academic view - both about the essence and about the official rights of a teacher. About the essence he remarks something like the fact that we do not have Humboldts who could construct a picture like the Cosmos and that without this teaching will be partial, not whole, and so on. Regarding the official rights of a teacher, he notes that it is unfair to make an ordinary person into an extraordinary one and to create one position for all and future teachers of the subject; future ones can be both associate professors and ordinary ones. However, the tricks of this official husband will probably be written out on a paper that will be sent to the Academy. Now the protocol is being signed by the members of the Synod. The conclusion of the Educational Committee, with which the Synod also agreed, is briefly as follows: “For these (Chistovichevsky) reasons, the Educational Committee does not find it fair to satisfy the petition of the Moscow Academy. But out of gratitude to the gift of the Eminence Innocent and bearing in mind § of the Charter, which allows the introduction of new subjects, it is possible to allow the teaching of this subject in private and entrust it to the former professor Golubinsky with a reward appointed by the Eminence Innocent.” I arrived too early for my business: there were no preparations for the start of the meeting. The Chairman schedules the first meeting for the following Thursday, and meetings are only scheduled once a week. The chairman believes that we have already done everything important. During the vacation, however, no one did anything. The Chief Prosecutor will return by October 19. Now to Kharkov, where he will stay for two weeks. In Vilna, our N.I. Dmitrevsky was elected rector 73 . But there is a seminary and a monastery, and all the students live in the monastery. The Holy Synod should now propose a solution to the question - how to proceed in such cases of election - whether to allow such people to live outside the institution, or not to approve them and appoint monastics. I stayed with the old mistress for now, but only for a while. We need to look for a new apartment. With the arrival of Ivan Nikolaevich, we will need to do this too. Ivan Aleksandrovich Nenarokomov shows his respect to Your Reverence. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with spiritual reverence and devotion, I have the honor to be eq.-ord. Professor Alexander Lavrov. You will receive my present letter near our Academic holiday, and perhaps even the holiday itself. I humbly ask you, Your Reverence, to accept my sincere congratulations on our joyful holiday, joyful all the more since it is celebrated for the first time in our Church of the Intercession 74. May the Mother of God protect those who work under her blessed shade! Our classes have begun. On Thursday the 24th there was the first meeting that consoled me. Here the question was raised about the organization of church courts in dioceses, without fail with the participation of the bishop. The opponents (Kievskys and the legal adviser) were victoriously repulsed and defeated, like the Swede at Poltava or like Napoleon at Sedan, thanks to the energetic insistence of the chairman and Bogoslovsky. What was accepted, however, was not my assumption, developed in the note, but another, proposed by one of the secularists. The bishop will not be the chairman of the court, directly and personally participating in it, as I assumed, but he will 1) bring the case to trial and 2) approve the court decision and, in case of disagreement with the court decision, forward the case with his opinion to the Synod. This is modeled on regimental courts, and the activities of the bishop, according to this assumption, are exactly the same as the activities of the regimental commander. I confess that I like my proposal better, because with it the church court would be more close to the general, and not with the exclusive court, and because it would preserve that feature of the ancient and current church-judicial system, according to which the bishop is προκα θ ήμενος τῆς κρίσειος. But what to do? It is good that even in this form the power of the bishop in court will remain. – The meeting will be once a week: secularists resolutely refuse to meet more often. His Eminence Alexy 75 in response to my remark that the Academy’s proposal for a new department was approved in a disfigured form, remarked: after that everything will be corrected, but now Thank God for this too. I also settled into a permanent apartment - on Bolshaya Morskaya, house No. 27 Laufert apt. No. 3. Ivan Nikolaevich lived in my apartment for four days, and now he has moved into Sazikov’s house next to the one in which I live. We see each other often, maybe we’ll even have lunch together. It is very close to St. Isaac's Cathedral and the monument to Emperor Nicholas; close to the Synod. But apartments are very expensive. For 20 rub. I have two small rooms without any amenities. And Ivan Nikolaevich pays 47 rubles for one room. I was not at the current debate of Cheltsov 76, although I wanted to. I suffer from toothache and insomnia and have to stay at home. To top off the boredom, with these diseases nothing gets done. His Eminence Macarius, when I appeared to him, spoke with regret about the Most Reverend. John - especially from the point that his salary was meager. He says that he left the church with which he was provided in England, because there was no money allocated for transportation, and the British do not bring it for free 77 . Katakazi allegedly writes that without splendor and pomp, there is no need for an Orthodox bishop to come to America. Asking for the blessings and prayers of Your Eminence, with the most perfect reverence and devotion, I have the honor to be e.-o. Professor Alexander Lavrov. I had the honor to receive Your Reverence’s letter dated October 3 and carried out some executions on the subjects of Your Reverence’s instructions. Your Reverence, please ask about the rules that the St. Petersburg Academy is supposed to follow when elevating to the degree of Doctor and when defending dissertations. I addressed this question to Barsov, our fellow member, and he brought me the July book of Christian Reading for this year, in which there are countries. 33–34 (Journal of the Academy Council) the rules for the production of all academic degrees - and doctoral degrees - are printed. They have nothing else besides this. I applied to the Spiritual Educational Committee for copies of the Academic Charter, and there, with the assistance and advice of the dear Koksharov 78, I made a statement on paper to the Economic Administration that the Moscow Academy needed 20 copies of the Academic Charter and asked to send them to the Academy Board. They promised to ensure that the Economic Administration was not too slow in fulfilling this request. By the way, I have already asked for five copies of seminar programs for the Academy. They promised to deliver this to me directly from the Committee when the case has gone through all the ordeals, because this too needs to be reported to the Chief Prosecutor. I complained to them about this, and they themselves say that this is being done absurdly; but it is mainly the Economic (Management) that is to blame for this, and partly we, who are many sinners, do not ask, for it is given only to those who ask. The St. Petersburg Academy asked, and they gave it five copies. programs. By the way, I asked for five brochures of audit reports 79 for the Academy and will forward them to you for your curiosity. From a distance I rejoice at the successful progress in filling the Academy with teachers 80. In Moscow 81, the Academy seems to be making an important acquisition. The young will follow our path and the hardworking will bring benefit in their time. Nos festinamus lente. We only meet once a week. Secular people resolutely do not want to gather more often. Things are going so-so, sometimes in accordance with the thoughts of your humble novice, sometimes a little against it. The participation of the bishop in the court was allowed, publicity was accepted, the lowest instance of the court - a single one with the title of spiritual judge - was also recognized as necessary. For now and only yet. There's a lot to do. To speed up our spirituality, with the knowledge of the chairman, we will gather privately with the St. Petersburg member, Archpriest Sodalsky, to prepare and sing among ourselves. The latter, however, is very doubtful. An attempt was made to sing Moscow and Kiev, but it was decidedly unsuccessful because of the bishop. Anything coming next? – I am now typing my second note - about the subjects of the church court. Yes, the chairman entrusted me with compiling the journals of the meetings, since he did not like the work of the clerk. I don’t know if I’ll like mine. But I don’t really like the transformation from a member to a clerk, and it might interfere with my work. However, there is nothing to do and must be done. I have already compiled three journals, and it will be easier to compile them after each meeting if they leave me with this work. I hear little new in our local reigning city, spending my life exclusively at home and seeing almost none of my acquaintances. – The Chief Prosecutor will return on October 19. - At the beginning of this month, the archpriest of St. Isaac's Cathedral was finally appointed - the former archpriest of the Ascension Church, Peter Lebedev, who before serving at the Ascension served for thirty years in the Mining, or Engineering, or one of the thousands of local buildings. For the consolation of Dimitri Feodorovich 82, I humbly ask Your Reverence, if possible, to bring to his attention that the decision taken in the Educational Committee and the Holy Synod in his case is not a consequence of any particular and random causes and considerations, but is a consequence of the general principles that the Committee adheres to and which, as Koksharov 83 explained to me, consist in maintaining the type of Academy created by the new Charter in its pure form and free from all sorts of growths. As a result of this, the petition of the Kazan Academy for its missionary departments 84 is resolved in the same sense as ours. The weather here is the kind that can only happen in the worst autumn. For hemorrhoidal people this is very bad. The decision in the case of Father Mikhail 85 has probably already reached the Academy. – If it were possible for Your Reverence to show him my letters to you at the right opportunity and take the trouble to pay my respects to him, then I would dare to ask Your Reverence about this. Asking for the blessings and prayers of Your Eminence, with the most perfect reverence and deep devotion, I have the honor to be I also fulfilled two other assignments entrusted to me by Your Reverence - I inquired with the Committee about the fate of the Academy’s proposal for new associate professors and attended a doctoral debate at the Academy on October 25. The Academy’s proposal for associate professors 86 was not yet reported to the office of the Spiritual Educational Committee and the Presence. But the office assures that there will be no obstacles to satisfying the Academy’s requests. The office only asks to put the dates of the month on the ballot sheets, which is not on these sheets at all. The office also warns for the future that when considering the elevation to a master's degree, all the data of the person being promoted should be brought into line, i.e. probably in the same way as Yegor Vasilyevich previously cleaned 87 the data in the admission lists submitted to the Spiritual Educational Directorate. They also pointed out the example of the Kyiv Academy. From there they nominated one for elevation to the master's degree and even elected him to associate professor, while in his marks - in Dogmatic Theology 6 1/2, in liturgics, of which he was elected associate professor - only 6 (from 10). They say that they must ruin this soul and will not make him an associate professor or a master because of such uncleaned data. I was also at the Nilsky 88 debate on October 25th. ... There were many visitors of all kinds, from stars to chuykas. Ivan Nikolaevich and I arrived before the start... half an hour, but all the seats were already taken and it was barely possible to squeeze into the hall. Afterwards there was even a crush, as happens in Trinity Cathedral on holidays. ... The Metropolitan appeared about 7 minutes after one o'clock. A fairly detailed and correct description of the dispute was placed in the issue of “Voices” for October 27, which I forward along with this to Your Reverence. I will add my personal comments to the printed one: The doctoral student delivered his speech firmly, without hesitation. But the speech itself contained a lot of circumstance: here was the Polish question, and the words spoken by the Sovereign Emperor to the schismatics, and much else that, in my opinion, should have been omitted. He defended himself deftly and his answers were for the most part satisfactory. Cheltsov’s objections seemed especially serious to me and were expressed efficiently and lively. Koyalovich 89 also objected smartly and efficiently, but it seemed to me that he was not alien to the desire to bribe his listeners with the phrase: the people, the people's disasters from serfdom, the burdens of the audit for the people, and so on. and so on. in the same way about the people. And indeed he received several applause. The doctoral student received more applause; several Koyalovich. Cheltsov received nothing, due to the seriousness of his objections. At the end of the dispute, the Metropolitan said that he considered the defense to be completely satisfactory and would be happy to petition the Holy Synod for approval of the doctoral candidate to the degree of doctor; he called Cheltsov over and thanked him for the seriousness of his objections. Repeatedly during the debate, the doctoral student pointed out with praise the article published in the “Additions to the Works of St. fathers" 90 about marriage against newlyweds; This he did in response to objections as to why he did not polemicize against divisive opinions about marriage. Our committee business is progressing slowly. However, the chief prosecutor, having arrived, announced to the legal adviser that he was very interested in this case, and asked whether this case could be completed soon. The legal adviser replied that he hoped to finish this case in three months. Oh, if only I could drink honey through his lips! - At the same time, I have the honor to forward to Your Reverence my opinion on the subjects of the church court, recently printed, so that Your Reverence would know that the delegate of the Academy governed by you is not all asleep (it would, however, be more correct to say: he hardly sleeps at all due to insomnia). In addition, by order of the chairman, I compiled journals of the five meetings of the autumn committee, which will also be printed and delivered to Your Reverence. – In addition to my opinion, I hereby forward to Your Reverence the auditors’ reports on the seminaries. Copies of the Charter and program must already be sent to the Academy. That's what they assured me. – If possible, I would dare to ask you, Your Reverence, to communicate my letter and opinion to Father Michael, during my worship. The weather here is almost always disgusting. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with the most perfect reverence and devotion, I have the honor to be e.-ord. Professor Alexander Lavrov. Since Lord 91 ordered me to present him with my first note, I dared, even without an order, to send him another. Did I do it well? Your Eminence and Most Honorable Father Rector! I fulfilled the order of Your Reverence, entrusted to me in the letter dated October 29. In the office of the Spiritual Educational Committee about the service records, they explained to me that from the seminaries only lists of rectors and inspectors are sent to the Holy Synod, as persons approved by the Holy Synod, that in relation to this it should also be discussed about the Academies, to which only lists of rectors and inspectors should be sent, that this question in application to the Academies itself was not raised, and that the St. Petersburg Academies and Kyiv did not submit any lists. This is where this issue stands today. Sergei Konstantinovich 92 was approved by the Holy Synod, as the Right Reverend Chairman of our Committee told me. Translation of the Holy Scriptures of the Holy Synod 93 continues. One of the meetings of the Holy Synod is dedicated to this work, actually on Monday, when the members gather for the first present, for a biblical meeting, as the synod watchmen put it. Having completed your instructions, allow me, Your Reverence, to address you with the following request: during my presentation of one committee journal, the Reverend. The chairman expressed the desire that he would very much like and would really like to get acquainted with the Volokolamsk manuscripts 94 located in our Academic Library, and asked whether a description of these manuscripts 95 could be sent to him for a short time. At the same time, I am enclosing Nilsky’s theses. Our committee business is moving slowly. The shortest period for completing our cases, indicated to the Chief Prosecutor by the legal adviser, is three months. And God grant that this comes true. “The journals of our meetings are published, and the revision that I give to the committee's deliberations is not condemned by the chairman and some members. At the Kazan Academy, the rector himself was made assistant to the rector for the Theological Department 96. In pursuance of the decree on those who did not submit coursework 97, the Kiev Metropolitan presented that there were 15 of those Kiev students who would have to descend to the schools. I offer my sincere gratitude to Your Reverence for your good wishes and calling on God’s help for my work and earnestly ask you to give me your blessing and to guide me with good wishes for the future. With the utmost respect and sincere devotion, I have the honor to be This morning I sent a letter to Your Reverence. And this evening the need to write to you again became apparent. Before the committee meeting, Rev. Our chairman turned to me with a question: could the manuscript located in our Academic Library: “Collection of Metropolitan Daniel” 98 be sent to him for a while? and instructed me to address this question to Your Reverence. If such an expulsion had not turned out to be impossible, and the desire of His Eminence Macarius had to be satisfied, then don’t you recognize, Your Reverence, that it is possible to order the manuscripts to be sent, as I wrote about in my previous letter, directly to the Eminence. Macarius, living on Vasilievsky Island in the 15th line, on the Pskov Podvorye. If his request could not be satisfied, then I would most earnestly ask Your Reverence to inform me of this, so that I would bring to his attention that it is impossible to satisfy his desire. I am enclosing Cheltsov’s theses, which were just delivered to me by Barsov. With the utmost respect and devotion, I have the honor to be I express my sincere and deepest gratitude to Your Reverence for the sympathetic and approving words about my work written in the letter dated November 14th. You looked not at the dignity of my labors, which they do not have in themselves, but at the intention with which they are undertaken, and, like One Curious Master, you praised this intention in the corresponding action. Here, I find an attitude similar to yours, sympathetic and encouraging towards my works, only in one of my fellow countrymen, Ivan Nikolaevich. The rest of our brethren, thank God, if they are indifferent; the secular side is positively hostile and distrustful of my printed notes and stated opinions. A storm was raised even against the editorial board of the magazines, which I now run. Sometimes I am embarrassed by this, sometimes I am indifferent, reassuring myself that I am doing things according to my conscience and utmost understanding. I need God’s mercy and help, but let everything else go as God pleases. - Reverend The chairman is quite merciful to me. I am not sending the journals of our meetings that I promised, of which 8 have been printed so far, to Your Reverence, but I will bring them all together at the holiday, since by that time they promise to not disband us completely, of course, but only for the holidays. We still have a lot to do. To speed up the last meeting, the chairman proposed meeting twice a week: on Tuesdays and Thursdays. For me personally, this will mean that instead of one lecture a week, I will have to write and give two. The compilation of each journal is worth a lecture, since another journal takes up 17 printed pages of the format of my note. Then you need to read it in a commission consisting of two more members besides me. After this, it goes to the chairman and is then printed. About the manuscripts of the Reverend. Macarius wanted to write a letter to Your Reverence. I don't know if he fulfilled his intention. I am heartily pleased with the restoration of our magazine 99. I wish this important undertaking complete success. I don’t know much about the news here, sitting mostly at home. – Two vicariates have been established – in the Caucasian-Stavropol diocese and in Tobolsk. It is not yet known who the candidates are. – The address of the Moscow Duma 100, the contents of which you, of course, deigned to hear, they say, embarrassed the Emperor and made a grave impression: especially due to the untimeliness of the statements made in it. – It was published in the St. Petersburg newspapers as a rumor that Polisadov 101 was leaving his department at the University. In response to my inquiries about the reasons, they explained to me that this was due to his careless expression at the pulpit about cockroaches. On one of the frosty days, he spoke from the pulpit about how beneficial the frost could be now in order to freeze the cockroaches that had surrounded Paris 102. This supposedly reached the Tsar, and he didn’t like it. – Rules have been drawn up and almost passed in the Synod so that students who have completed a course in theological academies will be more strictly obliged to fulfill the mandatory service for education 103. It is almost proposed to include this in diplomas. But for this reason, the inconvenience of the new order of appointment 104 in the seminary is felt here too, and it seems that they are planning to cancel it, giving the right of appointment to the Academies as before. The director of the office of Chief Prosecutor 105 says that there are more than 1000 papers on this subject, and he wants to get rid of this burden. “Father, the rector of the local Academy, is very pleased with the new procedures introduced by the new Charter. Is this the case with us too? Ishmael Ivanovich Sreznevsky 106 instructed me to convey to Your Reverence his veneration. Chief Secretary Mordvinov is called Vladimir Pavlovich. Asking for the blessings and prayers of Your Eminence, with the deepest reverence and complete devotion, I have the honor to be When the opportunity arises, I ask you to convey my respects to Father Mikhail. Encouraged by the blessing and good wishes of Your Reverence, I arrived safely and without travel delays in the reigning city of St. Peter 107 at the time appointed by the railway schedule. We had divine services in St. Isaac's Cathedral. After mass, I went to the Neva to the Palace, but due to myopia, without glasses, I saw little; I saw many mitres, an even larger number of kamilavkas, saw the Emperor and then many ribbons of different colors. The weather was good, 7 0/0. But there was no divorce that day, but on the 7th. Our Vladyka was not in the procession and, although he is well, he served in his courtyard. I visited him on the 7th. Both Vladyko and all the servants are healthy. I fulfilled the order of Your Reverence. N.A. Eleonsky, A.P. Lebedev, A.P. Smirnov and especially from them, according to another report, P.I. Tsvetkov 108 were approved as full-time associate professors, and I.D. Petropavlovsky 109 – as a private assistant professor. A paper about this has either already been sent to the Academy or will soon be sent. But even before receiving the paper, according to the director of the Office of the Chief Prosecutor, the Academy may have no doubts about calculating the salaries of two admitted to delivering lectures as full-time associate professors and one as a private assistant professor. The Academy's vision for Physics Room 110 will be affirmed in full force. Yesterday (8th day) the Synod Office received from the Economic Administration for a report to the Holy Synod the proposal of the Chief Prosecutor on this subject, which is that the Chief Prosecutor, taking into account the Metropolitan’s petition and his donation 111, recognizes it as fair to satisfy the petition of the Academic Council. It will probably be another two or three weeks before the paper arrives at the Academy. During our meeting, I reported to Your Reverence that it is possible for the Academy to receive doublets of early printed and other (just in case) books 112 from the local Synodal Library. In addition to books, the Synodal Library also stores ancient icons, which are also expected to be distributed to institutions that request it. The books had already been reported to the Holy Synod in the sense that they would be sent to the libraries of academies and seminaries. I asked Afanasy Feodorovich 113 how to do this, and he told me that this should be done through a letter from Your Reverence to the Chief Prosecutor. Would Your Eminence please speed up this matter? The head of the Archives and Library, Grigorovich, told me that I needed to hurry with this matter: Filimonov was going or would soon arrive for the icons. Icons, perhaps, would not be superfluous for the proposed Church Historical Museum at the Academy. I was told that the petition for a candidate for the department of Slavic dialects 114 was answered negatively from here. In addition to the reasons stated in relation to Your Reverence, there were others for such a response, reported by Fr. Archpriest Raevsky 115. Our committee already had a meeting on the 7th. Further, the meeting will be once a week: they say that everyone is busy. Of course, this makes me feel better 116. But the matter is likely to drag on. To speed things up, commissions are appointed from among the committee members who will preliminarily discuss and prepare issues. I have not been appointed to any of these commissions. My current address: On the corner of Gorokhovaya and Malaya Morskaya D. No. 9 - 12 Tatishcheva, apt. No. 30. Having fulfilled the order of Your Reverence, I have the honor to present the arguments I read by students Menagias and Ivan Nikolsky with my opinion about each of these works. With this Your Reverence, I have the honor to explain that, guided by the decree of the Holy Synod on reading course arguments, which I heard about while at the Academy, I did not allow myself to make any notes on the arguments and present my opinions in sealed envelopes. In my life here, after my letter to Your Reverence on January 9, nothing special happened. The committee meets once a week and things are moving quite slowly. – When the end of the matter comes is completely unclear. I send arguments with opinions about them by mail, in a parcel. St. Petersburg, Gorokhovaya, no. 9 Tatishchevoy, apt. 30. I had the honor of receiving Your Reverence’s letter dated the 21st on the 24th. Your Reverence's request for leave for the Academy of Books and Icons was fully satisfied, and I am allowed to select both books and icons 117. I started with icons and, not being an expert on this part myself, on the advice of D.M., who was here and had already selected icons for the Society of Lovers of Spiritual Enlightenment. Strukov, turned for help to the Kyiv hierodeacon Alypius, a good painter, who kindly and readily selected icons with me yesterday (20th), and now we again agreed to do the same thing from one to 4. Yesterday he selected up to 30 icons for me. For the society of lovers of D.M. Strukov selected 134 icons and says that the Society can share some of these icons - even up to 60 - with the Academy. The choice is made from more than 1000 icons. But all of us - Strukov, Alypiy and I - are just selecting icons. The final permission to release them will follow when all applicants have made a choice. They are waiting for one of the applicants, Filimonov, in an angry mood: he and Dashkov were the first to make a claim, and they will have to be the last to take it away. – Having selected the icons, I will begin selecting the books. They say that more than a hundred titles can be provided to us. My dear ones - Grigorovich (the head of the Archives) and Barsukov (the librarian) 118 are so obliging and helpful that I’m even ashamed: they look after me like family: I can study with them and take away books and icons not when it’s convenient for them, but when I want. They are ready to do everything in favor of the scientific institution. However, it must be said that they are students of a good teacher in this matter, A.F. Bychkov and serve with him in the Archaeographic Commission. The proposal to reward our church builder Alexei Vasilyevich 119 three days ago was received by the Chief Prosecutor, but has not yet been reported to him by the director. A letter from Your Reverence to Count Dimitri Andreevich 120 would now be very timely. Ivan Alexandrovich says 121 that the count will owe this to the Sovereign either soon, since he will soon have a report to the Sovereign, or before Easter. The proposal for the award of our academic mentors who do not have clergy orders has been received in the Office of the Chief Prosecutor and will be subject to consideration during Lent in order to be included either in the Easter list, or sent along the usual route to the Committee of Ministers. The presentation of persons of holy orders, says Ivan Alexandrovich, must go past his Office directly to the Synod. Consideration also happens there during Lent. The rumor about an audit of the Academies, according to the information I have collected, has absolutely no basis. I.A. says that there can be no audits of Academies, just as there are no audits of Universities. Our business is proceeding in the usual, slow way, and the end is not yet in sight. The case of censorship 122 was recently reported to the Synod and passed. The Synod agreed with the conclusions, but did not agree with the motives placed at the beginning. I didn't have this report. Your Reverence, without a doubt, is clear and aware of what the conclusions and motives are. They are escorted to the 2nd Department and Ivan Aleksandrovich is sent there for explanations. The end of this matter is probably still far away. - They say that during the deliberations at the Synod there was talk about the fact that our censors, how many of them there will be under general secular censorship, should be cassock-bearers. If I had not had to write to Your Reverence during the cheese week, I offer earthly worship to Your Reverence and with tears ask you to forgive all those who have sinned against You in word, deed, thought and all my feelings. St. Petersburg. Gorokhovaya D.9, apt. 30. I sent Your Reverence the reasoning of Menagias and Ivan Nikolsky on the 19th. I am attaching a clipping from issue 27 of “Voices” with information about the Reverend. John 123. I have the happiness to bring to Your Reverence my heartfelt greetings on this bright and joyful holiday, as Christ has truly risen. May the Savior risen from the dead illuminate you with the light and joy of His resurrection! I didn’t have to see you on this holiday, Your Reverence. This happened mainly because after each of our seasons there are tails of things to do during the holidays; and now there are still some tails that need to be dealt with during the holidays, which will last until April 8th. Thank God, our chairman expressed a desire to finish the matter by June and, it seems, quite firmly. But whether this will come true, God knows, for man proposes, but God disposes. Some skeptical members of the Committee do not believe this and threaten us with another autumn sitting, which God forbid. Actually, our business sometimes moves, sometimes it stands still, sometimes it moves back. During our rare meetings, we often deviate to the side and waste time in vain. Someday our case will have to appear in court, and then everyone will see what and how we did. The matter of books and icons for our Academy has not yet been given any progress. In the sixth week, news was received of the death of Kishinev Archbishop Anthony 124. This is where new doctors are born. On March 7th there was a doctoral disputation of Gorchakov 125, which I attended. ... I am enclosing his theses. – On Myrrh-Bearing Sunday there will be a debate about Chistovich. St. Petersburg. Pea. D.9, apt. 30. I had the honor of receiving Your Reverence’s letter dated March 31st on April 1st. I received the information requested by Your Reverence about the case regarding the awarding of Alexei Vasilyevich from the director of the office of the Chief Prosecutor. The matter is still in an uncertain and indecisive situation. Your Reverence's letter with a request for an award has been reported to the Chief Prosecutor; but no progress has been given to this matter due to the short period of time that has elapsed since A.V. received his last award. I asked the director how to give this matter further movement to a favorable end. He replied that it would be possible to repeat the private petition on behalf of Your Reverence, indicating the new donations continued by the church builder (I told the director about the curtains donated to the church). In the matter of books and icons, there is also no movement yet, or at least it has not reached the lower spheres that have to directly carry out this matter. They say there should be no doubts about the execution of the Academy’s petition on this subject. Our work resumed after the holiday, and on Thursday there was already the first meeting: the course of business is normal. Starting next week we will have two meetings, and by the way, at the first meeting my note on the subjects of the church court will be examined. Whether this business will survive, God knows. There are attacks from all sides - both in the committee and in the literature. The Orthodox Review in the March book proves that the judicial power of the bishop is not based on the Holy Scriptures. Scripture, nor on church rules, and that people who claim the opposite act this way either out of ignorance, or even ill-intention 126...What have we come to! You need to admit either ignorance or bad intentions... But this is not the main thing. More important is the effect that such articles can have on the course of the case itself. Our opponents, both from our camp and those from the opposite camp, will say with even greater courage that the judicial power of bishops is not a dogma, and that, therefore, it is possible to organize a spiritual court without a bishop, and they will point to what is published in our own spiritual bodies. Here they are talking about the ongoing publication, under the editorship of the Rector of the local Academy, of the spiritual newspaper “Church Bulletin” 127. They want to make this newspaper the official organ of the Holy Synod and mandatory for all Churches. On Sunday, April 11, there will be a third debate at the local Academy 128. I am enclosing theses. At present, the most lively struggle is going on in the State Council between the classics and the realists. At the first meeting on this subject, the Minister of Education 129 spoke for three hours. But the defenders of classicism in this committee are a minority - the Minister, Stroganov, Titov and partly Prince Urusov. On the opposite side there are six members and between them the Sovereign Heir. The head of classicism Katkov 130 himself is here. Newspapers are also not idle. Awards to our highest clergy have not yet been published in newspapers. Main awards: Diamond signs of St. Alexander Nevsky - Litovsky 131 and Kherson 132, Vladimir 2nd Art. – Volynsky 133 and Poltavsky 134, Anna 1st Art. – Orlovsky 135, Olonetsky 136, Ufa 137, Ladozhsky 138, and the rector of the local Academy 139. Is Your Reverence aware of the death of Alexander Matveevich Bukharev, which followed on April 2 in Pereyaslavl 140? St. Petersburg. Gorokhovaya 9, 30. At this time, I dare to disturb Your Eminence with my writing as a result of the order of His Eminence Macarius, who entrusted me with the responsibility of conveying to Your Eminence his request - to order the office to give him information about whether the manuscript “Collection of Metropolitan Daniel”, which he returned, has been received at the Academy. He believes that his secretary forgot to add a request for notification and that for this reason, and not due to the failure to receive the manuscript at the Academy, there is no notification to him about the receipt of the manuscript. Our business is going slowly. We now meet twice a week, but we still stand on the first point of the revised provisions regarding in what cases clergy should be subject to spiritual judgment. There is no end in sight to the disputes and bickering. By the summer, it seems there is no way we will finish our work. There is still no decision about icons and books. They assure me that the solution will be completely satisfactory for us. They are talking about the appointment of the senior vicar here in Chisinau, the Reverend. Paul 141. The Church Bulletin is authorized to be published by the Academy. Its price is 2 rubles. Volume – sheet per week. It will be obligatory for all Churches of dioceses that do not have diocesan records, and, it seems, for deans of all dioceses. They are counting on 10–15 thousand subscribers. During the two sessions, my workload has increased significantly, and I have to sit at home almost hopelessly. Therefore, my stock of information about affairs in the world of God and the church is very meager. Rumors are coming from the world of God that military reform 142 will not proceed quickly, since it turns out that 225 million are needed for the barracks. St. Petersburg. Gorokhovaya, 9, apt. 30. I had the honor of receiving Your Reverence’s letter, 40 rubles and register 143 on October 28. I accept the gratitude expressed by Your Reverence to me as one of the many signs of Your Reverence’s always and immensely merciful disposition towards me, and not as something I deserve. If I did anything here, it would have just been done by anyone else who belongs to the Academy and does not consider its benefits alien to themselves. – I offer my sincere gratitude to Your Reverence for the register. I will present a copy of it to the Synodal file, as having accepted books and icons for delivery to the Academy, and it will exactly correspond to the one that will be sent to the Synodal Chancellery from the receiving Academy. I have fulfilled the order of Your Reverence regarding the deadline for the submission of doctoral dissertations by 144 employees at our Academy. According to the exact meaning of the decree of the Holy Synod on the introduction of a new Academic Charter, as Your Reverence knows, this period begins for all Academies on May 30, 1869. But the chairman of the Educational Committee 145, to whom I addressed this question, and some members of the Educational Committee, former ones at that, personally argue that it is hardly fair to consider the same period obligatory for the Moscow and Kazan Academies 146 and that it would almost be fairer for these Academies to consider the introduction of the Charter in these Academies as the initial period of validity of this decree. At the same time, the chairman, in the form of his personal opinion, explained that if the Academy had found it necessary to raise this issue on its own, then the opinion of the Educational Committee would have been precisely that for the Moscow and Kazan Academies, the effect of this decree should begin with the introduction of a new Academic Charter in them. Among the reasons for such an explanation of the decree in the submission from the Academy, if it were considered necessary to do so, the following could, in the opinion of the chairman, be placed: 1) that before the introduction of the new Charter, some mentors taught more than one subject and, in addition to teaching, held other positions, for example. Secretary, librarian, etc., 2) that increased salaries are obtained only with the introduction of the new Charter, etc. Our affairs are going so-so, sometimes slowly, and sometimes with some haste. Maybe, with God's help, by the new year we will be freed from this barbaric blockade. On the summoning of our Bishop and Metropolitan of Kiev to the Holy Synod 147 a most submissive report has already been prepared, with which the Chief Prosecutor will go to the Sovereign these days, and the approval or non-approval of the report will depend on him. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with the most perfect reverence and deepest devotion, I have the honor to be St. Petersburg, Novy Pereulok, 3, apt. 3. Most Reverend and Most Honorable Father Rector! I had the honor of receiving Your Reverence’s letter dated November 19th on the 22nd. Now (23) I have made the inquiries required by Your Reverence and I have the honor to bring to your attention what has turned out according to the inquiries. About the amount of assistance to Evgeniy Evstigneevich 148 on the trip they say (I.A. Nenarokomov) it is best to be guided by the example of Karinsky 149 that was already this year. The Academy asked him for 2000, and the Synod gave him 1500. Evgeniy Evstigneevich can hope for this amount, maintaining, of course, his salary. Papers about Karinsky's departure were published in Petersburg magazines. Academy in Christian Reading. Regarding the renewal of the application for awards, the director said that it is possible to renew this application, but he cannot assure with certainty of success. – Easter will show what will happen. The new Chief Priest arrived, requested by telegraph. On Monday he took the oath, and now, it seems, he’s already taking the deeds. – The reasons for such a terrible catastrophe with the former have not yet been clarified. They tell a lot of pretexts and, depending on the camps, some blame him, others blame him for doing such a thing to him. At the beginning of December he goes to Moscow to his new place. A big ovation is being prepared for him as he sees off. Of the jurists, most are sincerely devoted to him; and these are senators and other important officials. Our business is dragging on. But when the troubles end! When judging M. Izmailovich 150 in the higher bureaucratic spheres, it was said that without him there would be one less brake on the Committee and things would go faster. This brake has been with us on many occasions; and in it we are deprived of significant support for ourselves. In the Petersburg Gazette there was (dates 14–17) an abusive article against our Academy. I haven't read this article. But the chairman told us about it before the last meeting. He thinks that he needs to respond and explain the lies contained in the article. S. Petersburg, Novy Pereulok, 3, apt. 3. P.F. I communicated 151 opinions of Your Reverence to Komarov. I had the honor to receive your Reverence’s telegraphic notification of the award to me in the Bose of the late St. Philaret 152 at twelve o’clock on December 1st. – I offer my sincere gratitude to Your Reverence for your constant, invariably merciful disposition towards me. I apologize for being late in responding and expressing gratitude. This happened because for the past week I had been tormented by a terrible toothache, which prevented me from studying and leaving the house; Meanwhile, I wanted to visit some source of local news in order to inform Your Reverence. At the last meeting I happened to learn about only one circumstance concerning our places. The Committee's clerk, secretary of the local consistory Kamchatov, said that Father Rector Vifansky and Rector Afanasy of Simbirsk were being called up for the next year. Peter Fed. Komarov was with me and says that he chooses the topic of discussion: “Gabriel Metropolitan of Novgorod and St. Petersburg,” meaning some unpublished materials stored in their library, as well as the synod and consistory archives, where he hopes to find many interesting things. Soon he will write to Your Reverence about this. Congratulations to Your Reverence on the first Academic celebration 153. I sincerely wish that this celebration will be successful and fruitful for the Academy. Evgeny Evstigneevich arrived safely in St. Petersburg yesterday. With the most perfect reverence and deepest devotion and gratitude, asking myself the blessings of Your Eminence, I have the happiness to be St. Petersburg, Novy Pereulok, 3, apt. 3. I delayed by informing you, Your Reverence, about myself. I ask for your gracious forgiveness. I wanted to complete the revision of the apology 154, but only now I was able to do it and send it to the post office. I do not dare bother Your Reverence with a request not to delay in publishing it, although it seems to me that, having read my rebuke, my committee friends, perhaps, would not raise their horns too high. And then Lebedintsev at the last meeting on the basis of the article of Rights. Review 155 shouts that the dean is now prohibiting the priest from serving in the priesthood. Based on the opinion about the first apology expressed by our chairman, who right at the meeting said to the legal adviser Stepanov, who was working on the establishment of the prosecutor’s office: “after his (i.e., my) article, this cannot be allowed,” i.e. to completely remove the bishop from the trial, I, of course, out of the author’s pride, dream that perhaps from the second apology he would have drawn something in favor of the cause of the Church, if it had quickly fallen into his hands. However, hitherto in my previous opinions, i.e. about the non-establishment of the prosecutor's office and district courts, he is firm. And for this, it seems, I should thank I.A. Nenarokomov, who on holiday confirmed him in the idea that this was not the desire of the Chief Prosecutor, in general, according to his remark, not particularly interested in this matter. When he is interested in something, he usually rave about it both in his sleep and in reality: both when reporting to every official about classicism, and at every convenient and inconvenient opportunity against realism. There is no talk with anyone about spiritual judgment. What will happen next? – If there were no obstacles, then I would dare to ask Your Reverence to order up to 200 separate reprints of this article to be made and, when ready, sent to me here. Things seem to be going faster for our Committee now. The chairman will now schedule two meetings a week and announced that he definitely wants to finish the matter by Easter. The Chief Prosecutor returned on the 16th and went straight to the new church house. This house once belonged to Count Guryev, the Minister of Finance; it contains more than 40 rooms for the minister, including huge ones, for example, a choir room with more than 40 dozen chairs. They are offering 175 tons for the old house. For the officials who are now losing their apartments, a new huge house will be built on the Synodal Compound in the Semenovsky Regiment, where the Reverend lived. Nectary 156. Until this time, the Synod will rent apartments for them. The same fate awaits our Ivan Alexandrovich, who must leave his present beautiful apartment in May. Our Vladyka, according to Father Gabriel, was received very graciously by the Emperor on New Year’s Day. The Emperor asked him about his health, and when Vladyka answered that his vision was in the same position as it was in August, the Emperor said: I regret this, but I hope that your health will improve, and I wish it to recover as soon as possible. The Empress also spoke very graciously to Vladyka. Vladyka was not in the palace at the baptism. I made visits on holidays. – Article “Sovr. Known." Vladyka really liked the way he explained this to Ivan Nikolaevich. The Reverend Macarius said that he received a paper from our Council, but had not yet received a diploma 157. However, he told us this immediately after our arrival, on the 13th. Father Michael in the degree of doctor 158 was approved by the Holy Synod. The Synodical Decree and the Doctor's Cross should soon be sent to the Council. I gave the address to Izmail Ivanovich 159. St. Petersburg Novy Pereulok 3, apt. 3. I had the honor of receiving Your Reverence’s letter dated the 28th. I express my deepest gratitude to Your Reverence for correcting the errors in my article 160. – When presenting the demand, I really only meant what was revealed to me from the point of view of “Right.” Review." possibility to demand restoration. Therefore, it seems that the matter would be improved if instead of the words: we demand, the words were put: we could demand, or, as expressed in the letter of Your Reverence: we could use these weapons. – I humbly ask you, Your Reverence, to correct this at your discretion. For: brave and bravest, etc. I don’t stand there and sincerely thank you for the cleansing: when reading polemical pleasantries directed directly to your face, it is difficult to resist some irritation. Hence various epithets like brave, etc. When the matter is calmly considered, things appear differently and there is regret about the fired shells. I humbly thank you for correcting the words: it is impossible not to give back to the former presbytery, which could really give rise to mockery. I earnestly ask you, Your Reverence, to take the trouble to correct other errors and passages that may give rise to reinterpretations. I will inquire about the progress of the matter regarding the postponement of the submission of doctoral dissertations 161 and report to Your Eminence, and I will also inquire about the diploma of the Reverend. Macarius. In the Holy Synod on Wednesday, January 26, a report on the Overbeck Liturgy 162 was scheduled for service; but the Chief Prosecutor was accidentally called to Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich and was late for the meeting. That's why there was no report on Wednesday. - How will the matter be resolved? We have already completed the revision of the provisions of the judicial system and legal proceedings, which are now being published. We are reviewing for the third time the edition of the provisions on church subjects. ships and we probably have a lot of trouble with this one. Meanwhile, our district leaders 163 work in the newspapers and through them try to force us diocesan officials to accept their absurd project. Deus meliora! – Metropolitan often said. Plato at the sight of such acts. And we have only this one appeal left. – We gather twice a week, except for this one, on the occasion of Candlemas. Asking for the blessings of Your Eminence, with the most humble reverence and deepest devotion, I have the honor to be St. Petersburg. Novy Pereulok, 3, apt. 3. In addition to my letter yesterday, I have the honor to inform you, Your Reverence, that the proposal to postpone doctoral dissertations was heard yesterday (January 31) in the Theological Educational Committee and was accepted favorably by the majority of its members. During the discussion, Chistovich 164 noted: “Why punish ordinary professors who received this title according to the previous procedure?” - One of the spiritual members (they didn’t tell me who exactly) expressed the idea that in this case, “we, who received the master’s degree according to the previous order, can be forced to acquire it under the new order.” – The Committee’s opinion in a manner favorable to the submission will be formulated by next Wednesday (Feb. 9); then it will be signed by the members of the Committee, then on Thursday (February 10) it will be reported to the Chief Prosecutor and after this it will be sent to the office of the Holy Synod for a report to the Synod. – The opinions of the Committee are for the most part approved by the Synod without change. God grant that this time it will be the same as in most cases. The matter of the Overbeck Liturgy, which must be reported not without the Chief Prosecutor, who is in the Synod only on Wednesdays, will be reported no earlier than February 9th: for the 2nd Wednesday is the feast of the Presentation. St. Petersburg. New lane 3, apt. 3. The time of fasting and repentance is approaching, and, entering these holy days, we must ask for forgiveness for all sins. – Falling at the feet of Your Eminence, I humbly ask for forgiveness in everything I have sinned against You in deed, word, thought and all my feelings. The matter of extending the deadline for submitting doctoral dissertations, favorably accepted by the Committee and motivated by the same motives as in the Council, has already passed through the hands of the Chief Prosecutor and was passed by him without objection. On February 18, it was transferred from the Educational Committee to the office of the Holy Synod. This was the last day before Shrovetide to be present at the Synod; and the matter has not yet been reported to the Synod. The meaning of the committee opinion is to count a three-year period, starting from the day the new Charter comes into force in our Academy, i.e. from August 15, 1870 - During the investigation of this case, I learned that the idea of ​​​​giving this law retroactive force, i.e. about the requirement of a doctorate from existing ordinary professors, and not just from future ones, belongs to N.A. Sergievsky and received action precisely at his insistence. There were other voices who argued that it was wrong for the new law to have retroactive effect, and the Chief Prosecutor agreed with these voices; but then the insistence of N.A. Sergievsky prevailed: he kept repeating: they will receive 3000; they need to be pressed. Overbeck's liturgy has not yet been reported to the Holy Synod: realism is an obstacle. The matter of real schools 165 is now under legislative consideration, and the Chief Prosecutor, saying he is ill, does not go to the Synod. And they find it necessary to report this matter to the Synod only in his presence. Our business began to move more slowly again. The last secular meetings were very poorly attended. Everyone is tired and needs to end it quickly. Ivan Nikolaevich 166 left for Moscow before Maslenitsa. And without him, my local friends began to rage at me with even greater insolence. Without him, you can’t even take your soul away—there’s no one to talk about their deeds and words with. We have people who will even come to your apartment, scold you and leave. Even Moscow’s benefactors do not give me rest. To the January criticism of “Prav. Review." 167 I wrote a response and sent it to Ivan Nikolaevich, who promised to publish it in some Moscow publication - in Vedomosti or in Readings 168. Asking for forgiveness and blessings of Your Reverence, with the utmost respect and deepest devotion I have the honor to be A rumor was started here about the opening of the Taganrog Diocese and that this concerned one of the Reverends. Moscow vicars. But the rumor turned out to have no basis. It's spring here and people are driving around on wheels. St. Petersburg. Novy lane, 3, apt. 3. I had the honor to receive Your Reverence’s letter dated February 29 and the bale with reprints of my article 169 and I cannot find words to express my gratitude for the work and care of Your Reverence regarding the publication of the article. I've had to handle proofreading and I know how tedious it can be. – I have already started distributing the received copies, starting with my fellow countryman – Fr. Rector of Vifansky. I haven’t presented it to the authorities yet: I’ll start in the second week. – The copies sent to me are quite enough for me here, and then I present the remaining ones to you and humbly ask you to accept them at your complete disposal and distribute them at your discretion - to whomever you consider necessary and beneficial. – I offer my sincere gratitude to Your Reverence for your blessing and good wishes to the cause that our apology serves. God grant that those who can act will pay attention to this subject. – I humbly thank Your Reverence for your concern for my health. Apart from the insomnia that torments me, I cannot consider myself unhealthy at all. During one interruption in business, I wanted to turn to a certain doctor of nervous diseases to see if he could treat me for insomnia. And this doctor - Stein - sent me to a gymnastics institution, which I now go to every morning. I don’t feel much improvement in terms of sleep, but in some other respects, doing gymnastics is beneficial: my legs, which used to be constantly cold, are now warm, and I’m less susceptible to colds. Every day I see some of the most respectable senators jumping in the establishment. They told me here and showed me one young weak-chested scientist whose chest expanded four inches in one winter. I inquired from Ivan Aleksandrovich about the fate now awaiting the presentation of awards 170. The presentation was reported to Count 171, who said during the report: postpone until Easter. Ivan Alexandrovich, who instructed me to testify to Your Reverence his veneration, assures that the petition for a guardian 172 will in all likelihood be granted, and the petition for Pyotr Simonovich 173 and Sergei Konstantinovich 174 - without the slightest doubt, since the main reason that previously hindered him - lack of transformation - has passed. He did not indicate that there was a need to take any further measures in this matter. I learned about the illness of Father Viceroy 175 on farewell Sunday at the Compound, where I attended mass. God save and heal him! Our Bishop served on Farewell Sunday at the Compound; the first week I intended to fast and in Orthodoxy 176 I was at this celebration in St. Isaac's Cathedral with the entire Holy Synod. Bodrenko, the Lord does everything, and the weakness of vision is completely unnoticeable to outsiders. In Your Reverence’s consoling letter, I am most comforted by its last page. So, we have both the Collection of Laws and military legislation! The greatest gratitude to Your Reverence and the Prince 177. Is the prince a member of our Academy? I would sincerely wish that this true son of the Church and guardian of its good, according to our old Moscow Philaret principles, would be among our members, i.e. academic. Ivan Nikolaevich and I have some hope and hope for him, as the Chairman of the Department of Laws in the State Council, in our committee business. I, it seems, reported to Your Reverence that the Metropolitan of Kiev 178 came to thank Prince Sergei Nikolaevich regarding the matter of resignation, which the Synod was supposed to facilitate, and the Second Department to leave on the current basis. – Don’t you recognize, Your Reverence, that it is possible to send him my brochure? He read the first according to Mosk. Eparch. Vedomosti and told Ivan Nikolaevich that the author of the brochure stood firmly on church grounds There are no changes in our affairs. I presented the manuscript of my sins 179 to our authorities and was unexpectedly and unusually graciously received by everyone. Our Bishop was unusually merciful, also of St. Petersburg and Lithuania. And the Bishop of Kiev blessed the image and ordered me to write a letter to him, in which I would indicate at least some small price for the brochure. I objected that these brochures were not for sale. But he noted: “It’s okay, it will be possible to print it. We need to spread this as much as possible. I will make a resolution in the letter and submit it to the consistory.” I fulfilled the will of the Bishop and in a letter to him I set the price of the brochure at 30 kopecks. and with forwarding (forwarding under Bandera. 8 kopecks), and the place from which to demand is the editorial office of Tvor. Holy Fathers. - Forgive me if I made a mistake in carrying out this order. – I sent a brochure to some eminences – for example, my former seminary and academic rectors – without letters and without indicating from whom. This is what Ivan Nikolaevich advised me to do. With heartfelt contrition I heard about the sorrow that befell you 180. It seemed that strength of strength promised many more years to your ever-memorable mother. But God’s callings from this world to the new are carried out in the strength of strength and at all ages, reminding us every minute that we who are left behind will also be raptured in time of need. But will we always be with the Lord, as we pray for our departed relatives? May the Lord God rest the soul of His newly departed servant Olga! In our vale of tears, from which our dreams admire, there is much that is deplorable and little that corresponds to our desires. In accordance with our wishes, the Holy Synod resolved the issue of postponing the submission of doctoral dissertations by our Academy. The report was made on Thursday (16th) and there were no objections from the members of the Holy Synod: the term was extended for another year. – The case of Evgeniy Evstigneevich 181 will be reported next Thursday. Our Bishop in a letter asked the Chief Prosecutor to ask him for leave from St. Petersburg for Easter. The report to the Sovereign from the Chief Prosecutor was last Sunday; but I have not seen anyone who knows this matter and I do not know what the highest resolution followed. If the Emperor agrees, then the Bishop will leave on Thursday in the sixth week. The other day an interesting case was reported to the Synod: Ignatiev 182 informed the Chief Prosecutor that the Bulgarians were very alarmed and indignant at the news that had spread that Joseph of Sokolsky, the Uniate Bishop, had traveled on behalf of the Holy Synod to Poland to ordain Uniate priests. – The Holy Synod decided to answer that indeed Bishop Sokolsky went to Poland and ordained many Uniate priests. But the Holy Synod did not take any part in this; and this was done by order of the Ministry of Public Education. Our deeds are as white as soot. Last Wednesday we began to approach the beginning of the end, i.e. to consider the draft explanatory note I compiled. But before they had heard a single word, my friends made a fuss. ... One of the secularists (Lyubimov) suggested that it was inconvenient and impossible to consider the notes by the full Committee and this was not done anywhere. They decided to choose four for consideration (Lyubimov, Neklyudov, Barsov and me) so that what was accepted by the four would be binding on everyone, and their disagreements would be resolved personally by the chairman. – God knows what will come of this. – Therefore, no general meetings are scheduled for the entire 4th week. - Deus meliora! - as Metr often exclaimed. Plato. Asking for the blessings of Your Eminence and prayers, with the deepest reverence and perfect devotion, I have the honor to be St. Petersburg. Novy Pereulok, 3, apt. 3. Truly Christ is risen! I have the honor to congratulate you on this bright holiday. May the One risen from the dead reward you with his mercies! I had the honor to receive your Reverence’s letter through Father Herman and carried out what depended on me on his matter. In things beyond my control, it seems, not everything is fulfilled for him in accordance with his initial assumptions and expectations. And first of all, it was not possible to fit into the Compound. It was not possible to fit into the Lavra here; the highest authorities favor it, but the lower ones do not favor it. He now placed himself with the Archimandrite of the Greek Church. He didn’t want to fit in with me. - On the main subject - His Eminence Macarius received it very graciously, but promised assistance for the publication only of his short Dogmatics, and not of the lengthy one. I offer my sincere gratitude to Your Reverence for communicating the opinion of our brethren 183 about my militant activities. I feel like there might be some salt here that will be on my back. But I believe (perhaps wrongly) that a different way of conducting defense is for me personally, i.e. it would be more beneficial for my pride: they wouldn’t accuse me of enthusiasm and irritability; but for the cause of the defender it would be less beneficial: they would not read it, and the opponents would frame it as weakness and impotence and would not attribute it to me personally, but would turn it to the detriment of the cause; they would say that it cannot be defended with energy. – The blaming brethren will find even more reasons for censure in my 3rd apology (50 copies of which I sent to Your Reverence in the 6th week). But if any of the brothers saw and heard what the lords are doing to me here. L.B., then probably wouldn’t blame me. Having seen and known a lot, but not everything, Ivan Nikolaevich writes to me about this: in the case of a thief, there is torment. - However, even to say that - after all, I am already known as an irritable person; therefore, there is nothing to exact from me when I act according to the second rule of the wise: but answer the madman according to his madness, and not according to the first: do not answer the madman according to his madness. Our deeds are at the end. The revision of the provisions itself was completed in the 6th week; Only the explanatory note is being considered by four members. The Right Reverend Chairman believes that he will be released to the diocese even earlier than May 30; consequently, the Committee will also be closed. But whether it’s completely - God knows. – Our schismatics 184 are presenting a special project with prosecutors and district courts. A kingdom divided among her will not exist. Yes, in my sincere opinion, it would have been good if it hadn’t happened: both projects had important contradictions to the canons. St. Petersburg. New Lane. D. 3, apt. 3. By telegram sent on the morning of the first day of the holiday, I had the honor to congratulate you, Your Reverence, on the Royal Grace 185. – Repeating my heartfelt congratulations, at the same time I dare to express my sincere desire, that with the mercies of the King of the Earth, the mercies of the King of Heaven may be multiplied to you and poured out upon you. Sergey Konstantinovich, Pyotr Simonovich, Dimitry Feodorovich 186 and Alexey Vasilievich Tolokonnikov were awarded awards to which they were nominated, i.e. the first two are Anna the 2nd with the crown, D.F. – Anna 2nd, and Al. V-ch - Vladimir 4th. Awards in our highest spheres are now generous: St. Petersburg and Kiev received diamond signs for the Order of St. Andrew, the first in 6250 rubles, the second - in 6025 rubles, our Bishop - the Order of St. Andrew, Simbirsk - Vladimir 2nd class, Mozhaisk, Vyatka, Vologda, Akkerman and Your Reverence - Anna 1st; Vyborgsky, Rector of St. Petersburg. Seminaries and I.A. Nenarokomov - Vladimir 3rd Art. - In Moscow: Father Nikodim, Ivan Nikolaevich Rozhdestvensky, Ivan Fedorovich Zagorsky and Alexander Ilyich Voskresensky - Vladimir 4th Art. (innovation). The same order and the same degree - rector of the Kazan Spirit. Academy. The Metropolitans of St. Petersburg and Kiev ask the Sovereign for orders when it is pleasing for him to receive them to present to him their personal gratitude for the Royal mercy. Ivan Aleksandrovich Nenarokomov, who now told me these details at his dinner, instructed me to ask Your Reverence to accept his congratulations on the Royal Grace. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with the utmost respect and deepest devotion I have the honor to be Retired - Tobolsk Archbishop Varlaam 187. Most Reverend and Most Honorable Fr. Rector! I had the honor of receiving Your Reverence’s letter dated April 27 on the 29th. I offer my deepest gratitude to Your Reverence for your merciful words, filled not with superior, but with fatherly love, addressed to me, who was nothing but commanded by the Creator. The royal letters to 188 clergy were published in the Government Bulletin on April 30, and I, while visiting Ivan Alexandrovich, read the letters to Moscow. It was from him and through his favor that I read, in His Imperial Majesty’s own hand, the resolution written in pencil on the most submissive report of April 29. regarding the case of Evgeniy Evstigneevich: I agree, but so that he does not interfere in political affairs. – Evgeniy Evstigneevich is sent on a business trip for a year and a half with an increase of 1000 rubles to the salary received. per year and with permission, in the event of a perceived need for the acquisition of any item (manuscripts, books, etc.) of significant value, to apply through the Chief Prosecutor to the Holy Synod for funds for this. Probably in two weeks the paper will be at Academy 189. About the benefit to Filaret Aleksandrovich 190 Ivan Aleksandrovich gave advice not to delay the presentation, since the matter here too will have to go through a lot of ordeals, and in particular there will be a lot of torture and circumcision by the main tax collector - V.A. Lavrov 191. About the amount of the benefit, he says that the request does not go into your pocket, you can ask for it; but he believes that in order not to intimidate, it would be better to ask for 700, 600 rubles; They will probably give you 500. For his part, he considers this amount to be quite sufficient for travel abroad and treatment. He himself traveled abroad in 1870, where his wife was treated; travel back and forth cost him 104 rubles. During the season, I paid 25–30 rubles for water and a doctor. Our work is drawing to a close. The provisions have been finalized. Now a small commission is considering the draft explanatory note - actually those parts that I compiled. The chairman on Saturday sent me to the secular members who were considering a note with a request to speed up the matter: they promised to finish by the end of May. The chairman and we from Moscow belong to the half that accepts diocesan courts, not district courts, and without special prosecutors. The chairman was dismissed to the diocese at the end of May, the Bishop of Kiev - from half of it. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with the deepest reverence and perfect devotion, I have the honor to be The greatest misfortune is yours. Peter. Polisadov 192. At his request, due to illness, he was dismissed to a temporary position in his homeland - in the Kostroma province. St. Petersburg New Lane. D. 3, apt. 3. With the blessing of Your Reverence, I arrived safely in St. Petersburg 193. In Moscow I went straight to the Compound, but Vladyka was not at home, he served in the Danilov Monastery, and I was told that he would return no earlier than three hours. Therefore, I gave both Your Reverence’s letter and the note to the estate’s father, the steward, with a request to present it to the Bishop. In St. Petersburg this week I have been made proofreader of our dissenting opinions; Starting next week, this duty will be joined by another: we will begin to consider the other half of the explanatory note. We'll probably go at our usual slowness. Reverend Macarius is summoned by September 15th. A report on this was sent to Livadia on the 1st. Our supporters say here that the Chief Prosecutor does not agree with the project presented by the Committee, and more agrees with the project of Lebedintsev and K., although not completely with this. He supposedly does not find it at all possible for there to be a court in every diocese, i.e. refers to the complete removal of judicial power from the dioceses. bishop. I would dare to humbly ask Your Reverence to explain to the Bishop the absurdity and anti-church nature of the project of Lebedintsev and K. However, the favorable ones add, the Chief Prosecutor does not yet have an indispensable conviction; but he wants to print everything in the Government Bulletin and send it to the bishops and “then, he says, we’ll see what happens.” O. The rector of the local Academy went abroad for the congress 194; will return by September 25th. There were 40 students taking the exam at the local Academy; accepted 30. Exams ended on August 28. Father Bethany Rector told me that Kapterev 195 entered the local Seminary, but Nazarevsky 196 did not. Asking for the blessings of Your Reverence, with the most perfect respect and deep devotion, I have the honor to be e.-o. Prof. Alexander Lavrov. Most Reverend and Most Honorable Father Rector! I have the honor to congratulate Your Reverence on the Academy Day 197. May the Mother of God, who covers the Academy with her honest veil, cover you and enshrine you with her intercession and intercession. In pursuance of the orders of Your Reverence, I have the honor to submit for the consideration of Your Reverence the following topics for candidate discussions: 1) A critical review of the evidence for ecclesiastical judgment contained in the Holy Scriptures of the New Testament, in ecclesiastical rules and practices, and in the laws of the Greco-Roman emperors up to and including Justinian. (The task is a) to provide the original text of the source, b) to explain it and c) to extract the canonical provisions contained in it. I spoke with G. Tolgsky about this subject). 2) The concept of tolerance, indifference and fanaticism based on the church. rules and states. laws. (Metropolitan Isidore, when Ivan Nikolaevich and I visited him on September 26, said that he would very much like an explanation of these concepts. - To indicate the path and aids for this matter, if anyone would undertake it, I humbly ask Your Reverence. Ivan Nikolaevich Dobroumov of blessed memory wrote about this. The course discussion of Evgeniy Evstigneevich also fits here. The deceased Reverend John 198 articles on freedom of conscience are also relevant here). Apart from these topics, nothing comes to mind yet. I’ll try to come up with something else one of these days and submit it for Your Reverence’s consideration. An unexpected catastrophe occurred in our affairs. Reverend The Chairman offered the following views to the Committee. 1) Eparch. The bishop himself does not carry out court proceedings in his diocese and does not directly participate in it, but carries out court proceedings through his authorized representatives, to whom he grants his judicial power: - he judges unimportant matters in the diocese through the spirit. judges who are elected by the clergy of the diocese and approved by the bishop and after this approval act completely independently of the bishop; The bishop judges more important matters through members of the district spiritual court authorized by him, elected by the clergy and approved by the bishop, who then act completely independently and independently of the bishop when deciding cases. 2) A spiritual district court is established for three, four or more neighboring dioceses. It consists of members (authorized by the bishops) and a chairman - a vicar bishop, or another. 3) At the district court - a prosecutor. Even our Kyiv liberals did not expect or demand such grace. This grace was accepted, of course, with joy. Previous works have been abandoned. To prepare a new project, a special commission of secular and clergy sympathizers with the cause was created. This is our business. Ivan Nikolaevich and I still can’t come to our senses. Asking for Your Reverence's blessings and prayers, with the most perfect reverence and devotion, I have the honor to be St. Petersburg. New lane. D. 3, apt. 3. O. Rector of the local Academy submitted a handwritten dissertation to the Council for permission to publish. Subject: doctrine of rights. Churches about conscience, freedom and law (if I'm not mistaken) 199. Presented by Lovyagin 200. Koyalovich will represent (Union - for new times 201). I apologize to Your Reverence for being so slow in fulfilling your orders and my promise - to indicate more topics for candidate discussions. Some future candidates these days approached me with compulsion and indicating the topics on which they would like to write. The following topics, in my opinion, can be the subject of candidate discussions: 1) On the methods of maintaining the Russian white clergy before Peter V. (Manuals: Znamensky - Parish clergy in Russia, in the Right Review 1869 - 70; articles in the Right Interlocutor; Lyubimov’s book on the content of the Russian clergy; Macarius, Filaret). 2) On the attitude of the clergy to the secular court according to the Court. The statutes of 1864 and subsequent legalizations and interpretations of cassats. Dept. Senate. (Required: First state the attitude of the clergy to the secular court according to the Code of 1857, then show what was introduced by the new Court. Constitution of 1864 and subsequent legalizations and pronounce a judgment on whether this or that change was introduced for the benefit of the clergy. Manuals: A. Bogoslovsky Index of articles of the Court. Constitution related to the clergy; Judicial Statutes, ed. States. Chancellery and Anisimovskoe, circular decrees of the Holy Synod, printed in the Eparch Ved.). 3) Review of church legislation during the reign of the Emperor. Nicholas I. (This topic is vast, and it is unlikely that anyone who undertakes it will have time. It seems that we can limit ourselves to half. Collection of laws. Reports of the Chief Prosecutor). These three topics, together with the previous two, seem to me to be enough, since, following the previous examples, you can write two or even three on one topic. If this turns out to be inconvenient, then I humbly ask you, Your Reverence, to appoint in my place whatever you consider convenient. Committee affairs are moving slowly, and there’s no way they’ll let me out of here before Christmas. The Chief Prosecutor will return in early November. e.-o. prof. Alexander Lavrov 202. St. Petersburg. Novy Lane D. 3, apt. 3. Of course, a commission to put in order and describe the documents and files of the archives of the Holy Synod. The archive of the Holy Synod is a huge and most precious collection of materials and the main source for the history of the Russian Church and Russian church legislation during the synodal period. The total number of acts stored in it reaches 300,000. But before the formation of the commission, the archive was little accessible to scientific researchers and little known. The commission arose according to the thoughts of the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod, Count D.A. Tolstoy, who asked for the establishment of its highest permission, which followed on December 6, 1865, and on January 14, 1866 the commission already had its first meeting. When it was established, it consisted of nine members, chaired by A.F. Bychkova. Simultaneously with the consideration of cases, the commission began their description and printing. This description, very detailed and complete (some more important and interesting documents are given in full in the appendix), belongs to the best and gives a thorough understanding of the activities of the Holy Synod. The first volume, published in 1868, describes: 1) a small number of documents stored in the archives of the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries and 2) cases initiated by proceedings in the Holy Synod during 1721. So far, seven volumes of the Description have been published (1542 - 1728; St. Petersburg, 1868 - 1891) - actually eight, but the fifth volume (1825) was not published. The description is compiled in chronological order of documents. Govorova, deceased. a recluse in the Vyshinskaya Hermitage of the Tambov Bishopric. in 1894 Archbishop Anthony Pavlinsky, deceased. in the rank of Archbishop of Vladimir in 1878 Bishop Agafangel Soloviev, deceased. in the rank of Archbishop of Volyn in 1876 Bishop Christopher of Emmaus, deceased. retired in 1872 Archim. Pavel Dobrokhotov, now Bishop of Olonets and Petrozavodsk. Mirolyubov, later Donskoy and Novocherkassk, is now found. at rest. St. Petersburg - His Eminence. Isidor Nikolsky, deceased. in 1892 A rescript addressed to the Chairman of the Committee of Ministers, Prince Gagarin, on the main principles that should guide ministers and chief managers of individual units when managing the departments entrusted to them. Concerning this rescript, the Holy Synod issued a circular decree on July 15 of the same year, 1866, in which it directed the clergy that it should especially serve the implementation of the sacred will of the Sovereign Emperor. In this decree, the clergy are given a whole series of instructions regarding the firm and unswerving fulfillment of their duties and the protection in all purity of Christian teaching and its establishment in the minds of young men, and the diocesan bishops are especially entrusted with monitoring the upbringing and education of spiritual youth and protecting them from the spirit of freethinking and from unreliable educators. I.I., legal adviser to the chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod, later a senator. It ended with the exile of the accused, an official of the spiritual department I.S. Gaevsky, to Siberia, where he died. These rules were not put into effect. Moscow - His Eminence Philaret (Drozdov), deceased. in 1867 D.A. Tolstoy, Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod from 1865 to 1880, later Minister of Internal Affairs, deceased. in 1889 His Eminence Philaret, Metropolitan of Moscow, in his report to the Holy Synod dated September 18, 1865, indicated that in the Book of Rules of St. Apostle, St. Cathedrals and St. Father, published by the Holy Synod in 1839, the Greek word εξαδέλφη, placed in canon 54 of the VI Ecumenical (Trullo) Council, is incorrectly translated with the words: her brother’s daughter, whereas it should be translated with the words: cousin (Soulful Reading 1884, vol. III, page 120). On this occasion, from the spiritual and educational administration under the Holy Synod, at the beginning of 1866, signed by ID. Comrade Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod Yu.V. Tolstoy’s proposal to conferences of Theological Academies: present your conclusions - what is the correct translation of the mentioned word in Russian: niece or cousin? The Conference of the Moscow Theological Academy instructed A.F. to present a conclusion on this issue. Lavrov, as a professor of church law. A.F. no more than 10 days later, he presented to the conference an extensive and detailed scientific note, in which, on the basis of legal and canonical Greek monuments of the 8th - 14th centuries. and many other sources, argued that ἐξαδέλφη should be translated as “cousin.” The Academy Conference, having considered the note by A.F. and agreeing with the opinion expressed by him, presented this note with her conclusion to His Eminence Philaret, who in the same way completely agreed with the opinion of A.F., and then presented the whole matter to the chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod, gr. YES. Tolstoy. The consequence of all this was a change, starting in 1866, in the Book of Rules of the text of the translation of 54 rules of the VI Ecumenical Council, and the words “with his brother’s daughter” were replaced by the expression “with his cousin.” (See the message of I.N. Korsunsky: “One of the unpublished studies in Bose of the late Archbishop Alexy in the field of church law” in the “Addition to the Works of the Holy Father” 1891, part 47 and separately). Their Majesties – V.B. Bazhanov, deceased in 1883 Since Eminence Alexy in his letters to A.V. Gorsky repeatedly mentions the committees for the transformation of religious educational institutions in 1867 - 1869, it would not be out of place to say a few words here about the circumstances of this transformation. Back in 1860, a committee for the transformation of theological seminaries was formed in St. Petersburg, under the chairmanship of His Eminence Demetrius, Archbishop of Kherson. When (in 1862) this committee completed its studies and its works were printed, the Holy Synod instructed the diocesan lords to consider the provisions drawn up by the committee - personally and through committees of persons known to them for their pedagogical experience, among other things, heads and mentors of theological educational institutions, with the right to present individual opinions. In March 1866, as a result of the most loyal report of the new Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod, Count. YES. Tolstoy 1) about the urgent need to increase the extremely meager salaries of persons serving at religious educational institutions, before comparing them with secular ones, and the insufficiency of the amount for the maintenance of students and 2) about the extremely unsatisfactory state of religious educational institutions and the need to form a committee to transform them, the Highest commands followed: 1) to assign annual benefits to religious educational institutions from the state treasury in the amount of 1,500,000 rubles and 2) on the establishment, under the chairmanship of His Eminence Metropolitan Arseny of Kyiv, of a committee to draw up a project for the transformation of religious and educational institutions, and for the guidance of the committee a detailed set of opinions of diocesan committees was compiled and printed. Soon after the departure of His Eminence Arseny to the diocese, the chairmanship of the committee was entrusted to Nektary, Bishop of Nizhny Novgorod. By the end of 1866, as expected when the committee was established, the draft statutes of theological seminaries and schools were drawn up by the committee, submitted to the Holy Synod and approved by it, and on May 14, 1867, it was awarded the Highest approval. By order of the Holy Synod of May 27, the gradual transformation of theological seminaries and schools according to new statutes and states began in August of the same 1867. Since the new statute gave more independence to the educational and pedagogical activities of seminaries under the supervision of local bishops and the importance of the Academies in relation to the seminaries was weakened, the need for some new special institution that would be in charge of the most important was obvious. educational and pedagogical issues. Such an institution was the Spiritual Educational Committee of the Holy Synod, opened by the same Supreme Decree on May 14, 1867, to replace the previously existing (since 1839) spiritual educational administration. The first chairman of the educational committee was Rev. I.V. Vasiliev, who had previously been the rector of the Russian church in Paris, and the opening of the committee took place on July 20 of the same 1867. In the same 1867. work began on revising the statutes of the Theological Academies. On January 24 of this year, Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod, gr. YES. Tolstoy invited conferences of Theological Academies to present their thoughts on this subject. These considerations were presented by D.A. Tolstoy Academies in March, April and May. In January 1868, with the Highest permission, a committee was established, under the chairmanship of Archbishop Nektary, who was present at the Holy Synod, to revise the statutes of the Theological Academies based on these ideas. By Easter, the committee completed its studies, in May 1869 the draft charter was considered by the Holy Synod, and on May 30 of the same 1869, its Highest approval followed. Moscow Theological Academy - Archimandrite. Mikhail Luzin (later Bishop of Kursk), member of the 1866 committee for the transformation of religious educational institutions. Those. Finding the relics of St. Sergius of Radonezh - July 5. P.F. Komarov - 25th year candidate at the Moscow Theological Academy (1866); was a bachelor of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy in moral and pastoral theology, retired when a new charter was introduced in 1869, then was a librarian of the St. Petersburg Academy. Raev, Bishop of Ladoga (now His Eminence Metropolitan of St. Petersburg), who audited the St. Petersburg Theological Academy in 1867. Of course, the fiftieth anniversary of His Eminence Philaret, Metropolitan of Moscow, as a bishop - August 5, 1867. Prot. I.L. Yanyshev - now protopresbyter and confessor of Their Majesties. Archim. Khrisanfa Retivtseva (master of the 20th year (1856) of the Moscow Theological Academy), later Bishop of Nizhny Novgorod, deceased. in 1883 I.A., prof. St. Petersburg Theological Academy, later managing control under the Holy Synod, deceased. in 1893 N.M., prof. Roman literature at St. Petersburg University, later rector of the University of Warsaw, deceased. in 1892 K.V., now director of the St. Petersburg Philological Institute. Member of the Educational Committee at the Holy Synod K.V. still exists. Those. member-inspector of religious educational institutions. Chief Secretary of the Holy Synod, 20th year master (1856) of the Moscow Theological Academy, later director of the office of the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod; passed away in 1889 E.N., Ph.D. 11th year (1838 M.D.A.), subsequently inspector of the Moscow Commercial School. About this - from Chistovich: “St. Petersburg Theological Academy over the last 30 years (1858 - 1888)”, St. Petersburg, 1889, pp. 110–111. Where they were actually published is in Nos. 143 – 146 for 1867. In addition, the considerations of all four conferences were published in full in “Christian Reading” for 1867, Part II. The chief priest of the army and navies, later protopresbyter of the Moscow Assumption Cathedral, deceased. in 1884 The Commission for putting the Synodal Archive in order, in addition to the “Description” of the Archive, then began selecting from the cases described materials for another publication - “The Complete Collection of Resolutions and Orders on the Office of Orthodox Confession in Russia,” which included acts and documents from some other archives. This publication began to be published simultaneously with the “Description”. To date, seven volumes have been published - from 1721 to 1732 (St. Petersburg, 1868 - 1890). In St. Petersburg, under the Holy Synod in 1866, it was established, under the chairmanship of the Reverend. Philotheus (Uspensky), Archbishop of Tver (later Metropolitan of Kyiv, died in 1882), temporary committee for the application of judicial statutes on November 20, 1864 to church administration and court. Read more about this below. On May 14, 1867, on the proposal of the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod (Count D.A. Tolstoy), the Theological Academies were granted the highest right to order books and periodicals of scientific content from abroad without a preliminary censorship decision - on the same grounds on which this right was granted to the Academies of Sciences and universities. Of course, the abolition of the Supremely approved regulation of August 12, 1823, which allowed: a) to appoint, preferentially before others, their children or relatives, as well as strangers, to the places of elderly or deceased clergymen, with the obligation to support those dismissed from the staff or widows and orphans; b) assign to orphans of clergy the places left, due to their minority, for some time not filled, and c) serving clergy must allocate a part of the income and church land for the maintenance of widows and orphans belonging to churches. Since these measures, during the forty-three years of their existence, gave rise to many very important inconveniences and significant difficulties and, in addition, aroused constant bickering and litigation between the clergy and church clergy, and on the other hand, pensions and benefits have recently been assigned to the clergy, then, according to the recommendation of St. Synod, the State Council decided to abolish this provision, leaving in force only the acceptance of orphans for state maintenance in schools and the assignment of female widows and orphans to the malt pans at churches. This opinion of the State Council was Supremely approved on May 22, 1867. V.A. – Director of the Economic Administration under the Holy Synod, deceased. in 1875 Prot. F. Sergievsky, ordinary professor of the Moscow Theological Academy in moral and pastoral theology, later Archpriest. Moscow Archangel Cathedral, deceased. in 1884 This proposal concerned the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of His Eminence Philaret, Metropolitan of Moscow. Luzhinsky (from the Uniates), former Polotsk and Vitebsk. Since 1866 he was retired and was a member of the Holy Synod. passed away in 1879 V.I., Master of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy grad. 1867 (27th year), later archpriest, rector of the Russian church in Florence. Katansky, master's degree 1863 (25th year) of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy, first (from 1863 to 1867) bachelor of the Moscow Theological Academy, and then of St. Petersburg, now an ordinary professor of the latter in the Department of Dogmatic Theology. Sergievsky. N.A. Sergievsky, a 20th year master (1856) of the Moscow Theological Academy and initially its bachelor in biblical history and Greek, was at that time (in 1867) the director of the office of the chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod and a member of the Committee for drawing up a draft charter for theological educational institutions. He is now a trustee of the Vilna School District. He took an active part in the work of the mentioned committee and was even sent abroad to inspect the religious and educational institutions there. Therefore, although the spiritual educational committee was already formed at that time (however, not yet completely), it was entrusted with the audit of religious educational institutions, and by the way (in 1867) in the Ryazan and Kostroma dioceses. Archim. Filaret Filaretov, deceased. ordained Bishop of Riga in 1882 To Metropolitan Philaret - on the fiftieth anniversary of his service in the priesthood, August 5, 1867. Former court archpriest, member of the Holy Synod, deceased. in 1882 Tikhomirov, at that time Bishop of Polotsk, now Archbishop of Tver and Kashin. Archim. Pavel Lebedev, deceased. in the rank of Archbishop of Kazan in 1892 Polikarp Radkevich, who died on August 29 of the same year. Irinarkh Popov, deceased. in 1877 Overbeck, an English theologian, doctor of theology and philosophy, author of the famous work “Light from the East,” joined Orthodoxy in 1871. July 3, 1867 The Highest approved the resolution of the Holy Synod, which decided: “for the increase, according to the Highest approved on May 14, the staff of theological seminaries and schools, the maintenance of persons serving at these institutions, to stop the production of salaries according to the academic degrees of both those newly entering the service and those serving in it in theological educational institutions of those dioceses where the maintenance will be made according to the mentioned new states. This rule should also be extended to mentors who have the rank of priest.” Class salaries were introduced by the Highest regulations of the Commission of Theological Schools approved on April 28, 1814, which were assigned salaries: doctors of Theology 500 rubles each, masters 350 rubles each. and candidates 250 rubles. assing., with their ordination to the priesthood; Teachers serving in religious educational institutions were allowed to issue these salaries even before initiation, if they declared an indispensable desire to enter the clergy. About these measures - in the "Orthodox Review" 1867, News and Notes, pp. 136 - 138. A.K., 27th year master (1867) of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy, now a professor at the Kazan Theological Academy. Moscow, His Eminence. Innokenty Veniaminov († 1879), who was at that time in St. Petersburg, to be present at the Holy Synod. Rozhdestvensky, archpriest and member of the Moscow Spiritual Consistory († 1894), who was also, as already mentioned, a member of the committee for the transformation of the spiritual-judicial part. He kept the same attitude as A.F. Lavrov's views on the proposed church-judicial reform. A.F. constantly mentions him in his letters to A.V. Gorsky, calling him either Ivan Nikolaevich or Father Archpriest. The sixties were generally a time of intensified reforms and transformations. The echoes of these reforms could not help but reach the ecclesiastical department, and here they produced a corresponding reaction. Thus appeared: spiritual-educational reform and projects of spiritual-judicial and spiritual-censorship reforms. On April 6, 1865, a decree followed that significantly weakened the severity of the censorship regulations that had hitherto been in force and established fairly large simplifications for the press (mainly the abolition of preliminary censorship in most cases). The censorship department was concentrated in the Main Directorate for Press Affairs established under the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The consequence of this reform was the idea of ​​easing severity and spiritual censorship. Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod gr. YES. Tolstoy in his most humble report on the Department of Orthodox Confession for 1870. very definitely developed the idea that spiritual censorship cannot and should not remain in its previous position and that the statute on spiritual censorship, published back in 1828, “in many ways requires changes appropriate to the time and circumstances”; especially since, according to the new (November 30, 1869) academic charter, censorship of spiritual books, which previously belonged to the Academies, is “removed from the jurisdiction of the highest spiritual and educational institutions as a subject extraneous to their scientific and educational activities.” (Extract from the report, St. Petersburg, 1871, pp. 264 – 272). Therefore, and in view of the fact that, by the Highest command on November 2, 1869, a new commission was established, under the chairmanship of State Secretary Prince Urusov, to review the existing regulations on censorship and the press, the Holy Synod recognized it as “necessary and timely” to revise the statute of spiritual censorship, for which in January 1870 a special commission of 2 was formed clergy and 4 secular persons of the ecclesiastical department, chaired by Archbishop Macarius of Lithuania, who was tasked with presenting St. To the Synod, thoughts on the necessary changes and improvements in the spiritual and censorship area. The commission, having examined all the legal provisions and orders on spiritual censorship since 1720 and made a detailed analysis of the statute of 1828, indicating its main shortcomings, developed a number of legal provisions, the essence of which was that “spiritual censorship should be based on the same principles on which secular censorship exists or will exist,” and the main points were as follows: Free from preliminary censorship, leaving for them only observational censorship: a) in both capitals: 1) all spiritual periodicals, if the publishers themselves so wish, and 2) with some exceptions, all spiritual works are original, with a volume of at least 10 printed sheets, and translated ones with at least 20 sheets; b) everywhere: 1) all publications of St. Synod and diocesan authorities, as well as, with some exceptions, all generally the writings of clergy with spiritual and moral content; 2) all publications of theological academies and theological educational societies; 3) all publications of spiritual content in ancient classical languages ​​and translations from these languages, i.e. all the creations of St. fathers and teachers of the Church and all other works of ancient theological literature. Preliminary censorship remained mainly for works and translations of a teaching-guidance, dogmatic and liturgical nature, as well as translations of the Holy Scriptures. Scriptures into Russian and interpretations into it. Then, the commission projected the destruction of spiritual censorship as a separate institution and the combination of spiritual and secular censorship into one common one, so that not only the censorship committees, but also the Main Directorate for Press Affairs would include persons with higher theological education, elected and approved with the consent of the Holy Synod. The commission's sessions were completed in May 1870, and the proposals it developed were considered and approved by the Holy Synod, and then, by the Highest command on December 21 of the same year, they were submitted to the commission for consideration by Prince. Urusov, with the appointment of a member from the Holy Synod to this commission. But the spiritual-censorship reform, like the spiritual-judicial reform, was not carried out. The new charter was introduced in the St. Petersburg and Kyiv Academies in 1869, and in the Moscow and Kazan Academies in 1870. Here, of course, A.N. Kudryavtsev, master of the XXV course (graduated in 1866) of the Moscow Theological Academy, at that time a deacon of the embassy church in Vienna, and later (from 1873) professor of Theology at the Novorossiysk University and archpriest († in 1888). According to the order of the Holy Synod in 1863, the course (master's or candidate's) essays of students of the Academies, after their mentors had read the subjects on which the essays were written, were then revised by two more members of the conference and, in addition, in the general meeting of the conference chaired by the diocesan bishop, after which the student was awarded an academic degree. Then the whole matter, with reviews of the essay, but without the application of the essay itself, was sent for final approval to the Holy Synod. When considering Kudryavtsev’s essay (“An examination of the Gospel of John can confirm the evidence of antiquity that John wrote his Gospel, already having other Gospels in mind?”), there was a disagreement in the assessment of the work between the reviewers, namely: between Archimandrite, who originally read the work. Mikhail and others. F. Sergievsky, and A.V. Gorsky defended Kudryavtsev. As a result of this disagreement, the Holy Synod of January 31, 1869, demanded Kudryavtsev’s work itself from the conference, and the awarding of an academic degree (master) to him was postponed until the work was considered by the Educational Committee. The Academic Committee, having examined Kudryavtsev’s essay, found it insufficient to obtain an academic degree and demanded that the essay be corrected. Kudryavtsev subsequently corrected the essay and was awarded the degree of Master of Theology. Luzin, inspector of the Academy, to the southern provinces of Russia for treatment, until September 9, 1870. That is Moscow committee members: A.F. Lavrov and others. I.N. Christmas. The introduction of the new charter (November 30, 1869) significantly revived academic life and raised many questions, aspirations and expectations, including the question of moving the Moscow Theological Academy from Sergiev Posad to Moscow. Back in 1867, when the conference of the M.D. Academy, at the suggestion of the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod, was developing its considerations regarding the introduction of a new charter, one of its members presented a special opinion on the transfer of the Academy to Moscow, but this opinion, as it concerned only one Academy, was then ignored. In 1869, this question revived and caused some exchange of opinions and even polemics and gave rise to many expectations, which, however, were not destined to come true. Some professors of the Academy wrote very interesting articles in defense of the transfer of the Academy to Moscow in the “Orthodox Review” of 1869 and in some newspapers. But this question, like some other questions raised at that time, was not destined to be resolved. There really was a project to establish an Orthodox Theological Academy in Vilna. In 1864 gr. Muravyov presented a most humble note on the establishment of a higher theological school in Vilna, in the form of additional classes to the seminaries, with the admission of secular students to it. Chief Prosecutor A.P. Akhmatov forwarded this note, along with the resolution of the Western Committee, to Metropolitan Philaret of Moscow, who, having examined the project, reacted negatively to it. (See Collection of opinions and reviews of Metropolitan Philaret on scientists and church-state issues, vol. V, part 2, no. 763, pp. 613 – 614). Highly approved on June 10 (June 22), 1870, by the report of the Holy Synod, an independent bishop's see was established in the former Russian possessions in North America, in San Francisco, to replace the vicariate that existed under the Kamchatka diocese for the management of Orthodox churches and missions in Novoarkhangelsk, Kodiak, Alaska and the Aleutian Islands, and with the name of the bishop of this see of Aleutian and Alaskan. The first bishop of the newly established department was appointed, who corrected (due to Archim. Michael's illness) the position of inspector of the Moscow Theological Academy, its professor, Archimandrite. John the Metropolitan, now Bishop of Aksai, vicar of the Don diocese. Bering, a professor at the Roman Catholic Seminary in Baltimore, in the North American States, during the Vatican Council of 1870, which proclaimed papal infallibility, renounced Catholicism, addressing Pope Pius IX a letter outlining the reasons for his renunciation, and joined the Orthodox Church with his entire family - May 3, 1870. According to his expressed desire, he was ordained a priest in the newly established Russian Orthodox Church in New York. Archbishop Alexy Rzhanitsyn, later Tver, † in 1877. The members of the committee are Archpriests Lebedintsev and Favorov. Here, of course, is the department of natural science apologetics at the Moscow Theological Academy, occupied to this day by Professor D. F. Golubinsky. By the Charter of 1869, the departments of physical and mathematical sciences occupied at the Moscow Theological Academy before the introduction of the Charter of Ordinances. prof. D.F. Golubinsky and Bachelor of Priest. N. Fortinsky, excluded from academic status. But D.F. Golubinsky expressed his desire to still teach some subject that was more or less close to the range of natural sciences and at the same time closely related to theological sciences. The Council of the Academy, sympathizing with this statement and taking into account that the highest goal of the education of all students of theological Academies should be the preaching and defense of Christian teaching, and that at present the main source from which objections to Christian teaching arise is a misunderstanding of the facts discovered by the natural sciences, came to the conclusion that for the students of the Academies, in view of the highest goal of their education, there is an urgent need for such acquaintance with the natural sciences, which would give them the opportunity to successfully use natural scientific discoveries both to confirm the truths of the Christian religion and to refute all false and harmful teachings that seek support for themselves in those discoveries... Therefore, the Council of the Academy decided to intercede with St. Synod: introduce natural science apologetics into the range of subjects of academic teaching, leaving the study of this subject to the free choice of students of all departments and assigning hours for teaching it free from compulsory lessons; the mentor of this subject should be given the contents and rights of an extraordinary professor, and for the content of the tutor, ask the Eminence. Innocent about the allocation of two thousand rubles annually from the savings of the Moscow Department; the mentor of this science, with the rights of extra-ordinary. professor of the Academy, approve the ordinary. professor of physics and mathematics Sciences D.F. Golubinsky. The Most Reverend Innocent approved this idea and agreed to give two thousand rubles annually for the maintenance of a teacher of the newly introduced science, but the Educational Committee of the Holy Synod in its conclusion criticized the academic idea. “The proposed science,” the conclusion said, among other things, “will borrow its content from all the natural sciences, such as physics, anthropology, physiology, chemistry, astronomy, natural history, paleontology and others, selecting from them only those points that have any relation to Christianity; Moreover, its main task will not be scientific research or scientific transmission of this content, but a critical verification of it in relation to Christianity, in other words, in the direction of the methods and conclusions of natural science in accordance with Christian truth. Considering the supposed science in this formulation, it is impossible to imagine it otherwise than as a cosmos, i.e. the combination of all natural sciences into one, built in the interests of Christianity. Humboldt's scientific "Cosmos" showed that it is at least possible to have a thorough, fully scientific integration of the general conclusions of natural science into one science, into one construction or into one picture. But this is possible only with special acquaintance with each natural science individually and with all of them together. Whether there are sufficient forces for this in this case, one can doubt it, since the Council of the Academy, in view of the difficulty of ever having such a highly learned teacher... makes very modest demands, saying that “for this, an experienced mentor is completely sufficient, although not a specialist in these sciences, but certainly a specialist in mathematics.” Mathematics is still mathematics, a formal science, and is not physics, anthropology, astronomy or any other natural science, and knowledge of it, even the most profound, does not yet provide a magic key to the entire wide field of natural science.” – In particular, regarding D.F. Golubinsky was noted that it would be offensive for him to be demoted from ordinary to extraordinary professor. Therefore, only out of respect for the gift of the Most Reverend Innocent and bearing in mind paragraph 115 of the academic charter, according to which, with the permission of St. The Synod, at the discretion of the need, may introduce new subjects beyond those named, as well as generally make changes in the educational part of the Academy - the Educational Committee would consider it possible to allow the Council of the Moscow Academy to privately allow readings or conversations on natural scientific apologetics for interested students, with their provision to Professor Golubinsky and with his remuneration for these readings from diocesan funds. The Holy Synod approved the conclusion of the Educational Committee. (More about this in the Journals of the Council of the Moscow Theological Academy on June 21 and October 30, 1870). Master of the XXIV course (graduated in 1864), at that time a teacher of law at the Vilna Maiden Institute. After all, it was not he who was made rector of the Lithuanian (Vilna) Theological Seminary, but an associate professor of the Kyiv Theological Academy, Archimandrite. Augustine Gulyanitsky, author of a textbook on Basic Theology, † ordained Bishop of Ekaterinoslav in 1892 The Intercession Academic Church was built in 1869 and consecrated in early 1870. Rzhanitsyn, Archbishop of Ryazan. I.V., professor at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy, who defended his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Theology “On the Ancient Symbols of the Orthodox Church” on September 27, 1870, † in 1878 At the request of His Grace John, Bishop of Aksai (formerly Aleutian and Alaskan), the editors consider it their duty to make an amendment to the news reported in A.F.’s letter. Lavrov dated September 27, 1870. The letter says that the church, which was supplied by the Reverend. John, he left in England, because there was no money allocated for transportation, and the British would not bring it for free. The Eminence now declares: “this is not true: the church was brought by me to New York in good condition; there was no shortage of money for its transportation.” – Ed. P.V., master of the XXI course (graduated in 1858) of the Moscow Theological Academy, at that time an official in the office of the chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod, later the head of the office department. In the past, reports from auditors of religious educational institutions were published in separate books, sometimes quite thick, and sent to seminaries. Recently, after the introduction of the newest (April 20, 1884) academic charter, the printing of audit reports in separate books stopped; instead, circulars are issued by the religious educational department, which indicate, without naming the institutions, the most important shortcomings and commendable aspects noticed by auditors in religious educational institutions. The new charter established new departments in the Academies. By September 9, 1870, the Moscow Theological Academy had four free departments: on Holy Scripture, on Basic Theology, on ancient church history and on biblical history. There has never been such a teacher at the Moscow Theological Academy. Probably, this refers to some candidate for one of the vacant teaching departments at the Academy. Golubinsky. See previous. letter. The missionary department at the Kazan Theological Academy has its own history. Back in 1842, by decree of the Holy Synod, it was decided to teach at the Academy, in addition to the general subjects of academic education, missionary subjects, and in 1854, at the thought and insistence of the Reverend. Gregory, the study of missionary subjects was allocated to a special missionary department. This continued until the introduction of a new charter in 1869, which did not mention the existence of a missionary department at the Kazan Academy. Only as a result of the strengthened intercession of the Academy and the Reverend. Anthony, the Holy Synod in 1870 allowed the teaching of missionary subjects at the Academy in a private manner. But with the newest academic charter of 1884, the existence of the missionary department at the Academy was finally strengthened, and the department was divided into two departments - Tatar and Mongolian; and in 1889, at the request of the Reverend. Paul, missionary courses are also open at the department. Luzin, inspector of the Academy - regarding his refusal due to illness from the position of inspector. Namely: N.A. Olivet - on St. Scripture, I.D. Peter and Paul - on Basic Theology, A.P. Lebedev - on ancient church history and A.P. Smirnov - on biblical history. Amphiteatrov, an ordinary professor of the Academy in the department of general literature († in 1888), from 1842 until the introduction of a new (1869) academic charter, he was the secretary of the Academy. I.F., professor at the St. Petersburg Academy in the department of history and denunciation of schism († in 1894), who defended on October 25, 1870 his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Theology “Family life in schism - an essay on the schismatic teaching on marriage.” M.O., professor in the department of civil Russian history at the St. Petersburg Academy, † in 1891 “On church blessings and weddings (against newlyweds)”, in “Additions to the Works of St. fathers" for 1858, part XVII. This article belongs to S.K. Smirnov. Eminence Innocent, Metropolitan of Moscow. Smirnov, at that time an ordinary professor of the Academy in Greek (later its rector, † in 1889), elected by the Academy Council to inspector of the Academy, to replace Archimandrite. Mikhail, who resigned from this position due to illness. Here we are talking about the resumption of the translation of St. Scriptures into Russian, undertaken according to the thoughts and efforts of Moscow Metropolitan Philaret. On May 5, 1858, the Highest permission followed the decision of the Holy Synod of March 20, 1858 to begin a new translation into Russian of the books of the Holy Scriptures. On May 19 of the same year, the Holy Synod decided to immediately begin the work of translation, starting with the books of the New Testament. The work of translation was distributed among all four Theological Academies under the supervision of the Metropolitans of St. Petersburg, Moscow and Kyiv and the Archbishop of Kazan. As the translation was submitted to the Holy Synod, it was considered by the members of the Holy Synod - first each individually, at home, and then in the general meeting of the Holy Synod, weekly, on one of the three public days, which was devoted exclusively to this one matter. During the life of Metropolitan Philaret, the translation was then sent to him in Moscow, and his comments were again discussed in the Holy Synod. In 1862, the translation of the books of the New Testament was completed. Even earlier (in 1860), the St. Petersburg Theological Academy undertook the translation of the books of the Old Testament into Russian, for which a committee was established at the Academy, in which the main figure was the professor of Hebrew at the University and Academy D.A. Khvolson. The translation was made from the Hebrew language using the Greek text and was published in “Christian Reading” from 1861 to 1869. Regardless of this, translations of individual books of the Old Testament were published in other spiritual magazines: in “Proceedings of the Kyiv Theological Academy” (translation by Gulyaev), in “Orthodox Review” (translation by Archimandrite Macarius) and in “The Christian Spirit” (translation by Pavsky); In addition, in Vyatka in 1860 the Book of Job with extensive notes appeared as a separate edition, and in St. Petersburg in 1859 the Book of the Wisdom of Jesus son of Sirach with brief notes. But all these translations were still of a private nature. In 1867, the Holy Synod began publishing the Bible in Russian. The translation was based on the translation of the St. Petersburg Academy, published in Christian Reading and reviewed by other Academies. The continuation of the translation was entrusted to the former St. Petersburg Academic Committee with the primary participation of D.A. Khvolson, edited and supervised by the printing of a member of the Holy Synod, Protopresbyter V.B. Bazhanova. The translation was considered by the Holy Synod under the chairmanship of St. Petersburg Metropolitan Isidore. The first part of the Russian Bible - the Pentateuch of Moses - appeared in 1868, followed by the other three parts one after another, and in 1875 the printing of the Bible was completed. In 1876, the complete Russian Bible finally appeared in one volume, published “with the blessing of the Holy Synod.” These manuscripts, in the amount of 236, formerly belonged to the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery and were transferred to the library of the Moscow Theological Academy in 1859, at the suggestion of A.V. Gorsky, then still a professor and librarian of the Academy, and with the permission of Metropolitan Philaret. Handwritten. A printed description of these manuscripts, compiled by Hieromonk Joseph, was published already in 1881. Archim. Nikanor Brovkovich, who died as Archbishop of Kherson in 1890. Regarding students who, having passed the oral examination in the subjects of academic study, did not submit course essays and of whom there were very many remaining by the time the new regulations were put into effect, the Holy Synod, by decree of October 6, 1869, decided that the Academic Councils should issue such students, upon their graduation from the Academy, with certificates of their listening to the subjects of academic study and their behavior, so that in such certificates it would be indicated that according to their success in in the sciences and behavior of the presenters there are no obstacles to their admission to mentoring positions on the grounds prescribed for this, and that the presenters could not be awarded an academic degree for failure to submit coursework; certificates indicating success in science and behavior, on the exact basis of the Charter of Theological Academies, approved by the Supreme on August 30, 1814, are issued to such students, like others, only after they have been approved in educational degrees. At the same time, in order to encourage such persons to quickly fulfill this duty, the Holy Synod, by decree of October 13 of the same year, instructed the diocesan authorities to declare that those who did not fulfill this before August 15, 1870 should be subject to transfer from seminaries to teaching positions in theological schools to serve a mandatory 4-year term for education at the Academy. The diocesan bishops were instructed, after the expiration of the designated time, to ensure that such a measure was carried out without delay. Manuscript of the Volokolamsk Library No. 490 (135th according to the Description of Hierarch Joseph) is a collection of three manuscripts of the 16th century, one sheet, 421 sheets. The magazine “Additions to the Works of St.” published by the Moscow Theological Academy. Fathers", founded in 1843, was discontinued twice: from 1865 to 1870 and from 1873 to 1879; finally ceased in 1891 and was replaced by the now published Theological Bulletin. About this address A.V. Nikitenko wrote in his diary on December 4, 1870: “What kind of address is this? Moscow or the Moscow Duma asks in it for freedom of the press, freedom of conscience and the church.” (Nikitenko. Notes and Diary, vol. 3 (SPB., 1893), p. 252. V.P., master of the XIII course (graduated in 1842) of the Moscow Theological Academy, previously an embassy priest in Paris and Berlin, and at that time an archpriest, professor of Theology at St. Petersburg University and rector of the Peter and Paul Cathedral. In 1871, he left service at the University and the cathedral and served in St. Isaac's Cathedral until 1874, where he left service due to illness. He died in 1878. He was famous as a famous improvising preacher. Here, obviously, a play on words was made, since it was about the siege of Paris by the Prussians. These rules (“measures for filling mentoring positions in the seminary with students of theological academies”) are in the “Extract from the most comprehensive report of the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod, gr. D.A. Tolstoy according to the Department of Orthodox Confession for 1871." (SPB., 1872), pp. 130 – 131. The introduction of a new charter (1869) restructured academic life from bottom to top, and the application of the charter in practice gave rise to many questions and bewilderments. Among the most difficult issues was the question of appointing students of Theological Academies to serve, which caused repeated decrees and clarifications of the Holy Synod. According to the statutes of the seminaries of 1867, the determination of teachers was provided by the diocesan eminence, according to the recommendations of the boards, based on a preliminary test of the applicant for a teaching position through three trial lessons; and if the board does not have in mind persons wishing to occupy the department - in relations with academic conferences. In August of the same year, the boards of the seminaries were given the obligation to deliver no later than May 15 to one of the Academies, at their discretion, information about vacant mentoring positions for which they do not have their own candidates and leave the test and appointment to their Academy conference. Those identified in this manner were to be accepted by the Eminences and Boards without repeating the tests. Ordinary Academician of the Academy of Sciences, famous Slavist and paleographer, † in 1880 After the Christmas holidays, during which A.F. went to Sergievsky Posad. Currently an ordinary professor at the Academy in the Department of Latin. See note to letter 12. I.D. Petropavlovsky was made only a privatdozent because his master's thesis was not yet completed. N.A. Eleonsky is now a professor of Theology at Moscow University, I.D. Petropavlovsk Archpriest in Moscow. A.I. Lebedev and A.P. Smirnov occupy the same departments to which they were elected - the first with the rank of ordinary, the second extraordinary professor. Since the new (1869) academic charter abolished the teaching of mathematical sciences in academies and the physics room that existed at the Moscow Theological Academy should thus remain unused, the Holy Synod decided to transfer this office to the Moscow Theological Seminary, from which just at that time the Holy Synod received a proposal to replenish the physics room available in it. But since the Council of the Moscow Theological Academy at that time had already filed a petition with the Holy Synod for the opening of a department of natural science apologetics in it, for the teaching of which, of course, a physics classroom was also needed, the Council of the Academy decided to delay transferring the office to the seminary until the result of the petition for the opening of a new department became known. And since this result nevertheless turned out to be favorable for the Academy and the Council’s petition to open a new department in it was approved, although in a modified form, the physics office remained, with the permission of St. Synod, at the Academy, and only part of the instruments were transferred from it to the Moscow and Bethany seminaries. More details about this can be found in the Minutes of the Academy Council of 1870, pp. 45, 143 – 144, 180 – 183; 1871 pp. 46 – 47, 213 – 214. That is donation by His Eminence Metropolitan Innocent of Moscow from the funds of the Moscow See 2000 rub. annually, on the salary of a teacher of natural science apologetics. See note to letter 9. At the office of the Holy Synod there was a large collection of ancient icons (more than a thousand) and old printed liturgical books, mostly taken from schismatics and intended for distribution to those institutions that would ask for it. A.F., having learned about this in St. Petersburg back in 1870, reported this to A.V. during the Christmas holidays. Gorsky, who decided to petition for the concession of part of these icons and books for what was then being established at the Academy, according to the thoughts of the same A.V. Gorsky, church and archaeological museum and for the academic library. Having received the consent of the Chief Prosecutor, Mr. YES. Tolstoy, A.V. instructed A.F. to make the selection of icons and books. Lavrov. A.F., on the advice of the artist D.M. Strukov, who selected icons from the same collection for the Moscow Society of Lovers of Spiritual Enlightenment, turned for help to the Kyiv hierodeacon Alypius, a “good painter,” and, with his assistance, selected 70 icons for the academic museum, as well as 196 issues of early printed books for the library. Lists of those and other A.F. immediately sent A.V. Gorsky, who, after carefully considering them, on March 11, 1871, presented them for the consideration of Chief Prosecutor D.A. Tolstoy with a petition for the release of the icons and books named in these lists into the property of the Academy. And this request was respected, although out of 196 issues of early printed books selected for the academic library of A.F. Lavrov, only 153 were released for the Academy. The Academy Council, having accepted with deepest gratitude this gift of the Holy Synod, entrusted the same to A.F. Lavrov to accept the said icons and books from the Synodal Office and send them to the Academy. In mid-October 1871, icons and books were already received at the Academy. The books were handed over to the academic library, where they are still stored under the name “Doublets of the Library of the Holy Synod”; icons also went there, since the church-archaeological museum of the Moscow Theological Academy until recently did not have a special room and was located in the academic library. Only in 1892, when a special room was allocated for this museum, were the icons moved there. More details about this in Art. A.P. Golubtsova: “Church and Archaeological Museum at the Moscow Theological Academy” (“Theological Bulletin” 1895, April, pp. 124 – 128) and in the Minutes of the Council of Acad. 1871 pp. 150 – 151 and 210. Bychkov, now director of the Imperial Public Library and ordinary academician of the Academy of Sciences. The charter of 1869 decided to introduce the Russian language and Slavic dialects into the number of subjects taught in academies. Since the academies could not have their own candidates for these departments, it was natural to expect that replacing them would initially encounter difficulties. This is indeed what happened at the Moscow Theological Academy. By the beginning of the 1870–71 academic year, no one expressed a desire to occupy this department, and the Academy itself did not have in mind anyone worthy to occupy it. Therefore, at the meeting of the Council on September 9, 1870, it was decided to announce a competition according to the program with the following content: “whoever wants to occupy the department of Russian language and Slavic dialects at the Academy is obliged to submit to the Council by November 1 of this year, in addition to a diploma for the degree of doctor or master of philological sciences according to the statutes of Russian universities, a printed or written essay on a subject related to the vacant department, and a detailed program for teaching the Russian language and Slavic dialects and, moreover, if he is not known to the Council for his teaching abilities, then, on the basis of paragraph 50 of the Charter of Theological Academies, read publicly, in the presence of a commission of professors and associate professors of the church-practical department, two trial lectures - one on a topic of his own election, and the other as assigned by the commission.” In addition to the public invitation through newspapers, by publishing the conditions of this competition in them, the Council, “concerned with acquiring for this department, new in theological academies, a mentor, both in his knowledge and in their knowledge, who is fully capable of teaching this subject properly,” made an offer for this department through A.V. Gorsky and to some persons known to him separately. So A.V. Gorsky addressed this proposal to Master Ap.Al.Maikov (now Chamberlain of the Court), the author of an extensive study: “The history of the Serbian language according to monuments written in Cyrillic, in connection with the history of the people,” Moscow, 1857, but he refused. [This is exactly what A.F. mentions. Lavrov in one of his previous letters to A.V. Gorsky (note to Letter 11, see “Theological Bulletin”, June). The letter also included Maykov's surname in full, but so illegibly that it was probably impossible to read it, and the compiler of the notes did not consider it convenient to reconstruct it by guesswork, as a result of which this surname was printed under the dots. It has now turned out that A.F. spoke specifically about Ap.Al. Maykova.] Then the opportunity opened up to invite the professor of these adverbs at the University of Pest Ferens to this department (A.F. is talking about him in this letter), but A.V. Gorsky before the chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod, gr. YES. Tolstoy, this latter, in a letter dated December 31, 1870 (archive of A.V. Gorsky, department I No. 3, letters of Count D.A. Tolstoy) notified A.V. that Ferens, as not having a doctorate degree from the Russian University or the Theological Academy, cannot, within the meaning of the academic regulations, be made an ordinary professor of the latter (as A.V. Gorsky requested). Equally unsuccessful was the invitation to this department of the candidate of Moscow University M. Drinov (as he did not yet have a master’s degree, he should have been content with the salary of a private assistant professor, but did not agree to this). Thus, by the end of the 1870–1871 academic year, the Council of the Moscow Theological Academy still did not have a candidate for the department of Russian language and Slavic dialects. In view of this, A.V. Gorsky, at a meeting of the Council on July 25, 1871, outlining the history of his unsuccessful attempts to find a teacher of these sciences on the side, proposed that the Council appoint to this department a student of the Academy Voskresensky (G.A., who later occupied this department until the introduction of the newest (1884) academic charter (currently extraordinary professor of the Academy in the department of Russian and Church Slavonic language with paleography and history of Russian literature), on the following conditions: to release Voskresensky from further studies at the Academy during the fourth year of the academic course, so that he devotes this year to the special study of Slavic dialects in any of the Russian universities, under the private supervision of one of the famous learned teachers of these dialects in the said universities, and devotes the following two years to foreign studies travel to become familiar with Slavic dialects from the lips of the very peoples who speak them, with their literature, learned teachers and their methods. The Council, agreeing with the proposal of A.V. Gorsky, decided to petition for this through His Eminence Innocent before the Holy Synod. The Holy Synod, finding this petition “quite well-founded,” approved it, with the only change proposed by the Educational Committee at the Holy Synod, that for a better theoretical study of Slavic dialects (in which their practical study is much faster and easier, while their insufficient theoretical study can neither be replaced nor compensated for by practical studies during the trip), it is more convenient for Voskresensky to spend the first two years in the study of Slavic dialects in one of Russian universities and devote only one last year to traveling abroad. G.A. Voskresensky in the 1871–72 and 1872–73 academic years listened to lectures on Slavic dialects at St. Petersburg University (with a salary of 600 rubles per year from the Holy Synod), and in October 1873, with the Highest permission, he was sent for practical study of Slavic dialects abroad, to the Slavic lands, for a year and a half (with a salary 1500 rub. per year) and after that he took the department of Slavic dialects at the Moscow Theological Academy. M.F., Archpriest of the Russian Embassy Church in Vienna, † in 1884, one of the prominent Russian figures abroad and a mediator in literary relations between Russian and Slavic scientists and writers. On A.F. Lavrov was entrusted with compiling the journals of the committee meetings. For the church-archaeological museum and library of the Moscow Theological Academy. See letter 16, notes. Nick. Platon., then assistant to the head of the archive of the Holy Synod, now head of the archive of the Ministry of Public Education, author of many studies on Russian history and the history of Russian literature and writing, among other things, “The Life and Works of P.M. Stroev”, “Life and Works of M.P. Pogodin" (nine books have been published so far, but the work is far from finished), "Sources of Russian hagiography", etc. Two brothers N.P. are also known in the literature: Alex. Plat., author of “The Sheremetev Family” (six volumes have been published so far) and other studies and Iv. Plat., author of a monograph on Metropolitan Innocent of Moscow and Count N.N. Muravyov-Amursky. All three are still alive. Tolokonnikov, honorary guardian of the Academy - the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th degree. Nenarokomov. See letter 2, notes. Those. about the transformation of spiritual censorship. See letter 7, notes. Metropolitan, Bishop of Aleut. See letter 8, notes. Shokotov, who ruled the Kishinev (Bessarabian) diocese since 1858. M.I., priest and associate professor (now archpriest and honored ordinary professor) of St. Petersburg University in the department of canon law, who defended on March 7, 1871 at St. Petersburg University the dissertation “On the land holdings of All-Russian metropolitans, patriarchs and the Holy Synod,” which he submitted for the degree of Doctor of State Law. Here, of course, is an article by N.K. Sokolova: “The main principles of judicial reform in their application to the department of the spiritual court.” Actually, there are no expressions about ignorance and bad intentions in it, and the article itself is written not in a polemical, but in a positive tone, but its meaning in general is almost the same as that given to it by A.F. The “Church Bulletin” with the supplement “Christian Reading” began to be published only in 1875. Initially, it was intended to give both sections of the magazine, weekly and monthly, one common name: “Christian Reading,” but the Holy Synod found this name not entirely consistent with its official body; therefore, the weekly section of the magazine was given the name “Church Messenger”. Since 1888, the Holy Synod has published its own special official journal: “Church Gazette”. I.A. Chistovich, an ordinary professor at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy in the department of history of philosophy and a member of the Academic Committee at the Holy Synod, who defended his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Theology on April 11, 1871: “The Ancient Greek World and Christianity in Relation to the Question of Immortality and Future Life.” Count D.A. Tolstoy, Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod, who was also the Minister of Public Education from 1866. M.N., editor-publisher of Moskovskie Vedomosti, famous pulistist and defender of classicism, † in 1887 Archbishop Makariy Bulgakov, later Metropolitan of Moscow, † in 1882 Archbishop Dimitri Muretov, † in 1883 Archbishop Agafangel Solovyov, † in 1876 Bishop John Petin, † in 1889 Bishop Makariy Mirolyubov, † in 1894 Bishop Jonathan Rudnev, now archbishop. Rostov-Yaroslavl. Bishop Peter Ekaterinovsky, † in 1889 Bishop Pavel Lebedev, † in 1892 A.M. Bukharev, otherwise – Archimandrite. Theodore, a famous spiritual writer, was a master of the XV course (1846) of the Moscow Theological Academy. Having accepted monasticism with the name Theodore in 1846, before completing his course at the Academy, he then successively held the positions of bachelor and extraordinary professor in various subjects at the Moscow Theological Academy, where he was elevated to the rank of archimandrite, and from 1854 - an ordinary professor and then an inspector at the Kazan Academy. In 1858 he was dismissed from academic service and appointed a member of the St. Petersburg Committee for the censorship of spiritual books, and in 1861 he was dismissed from service completely and placed among the brotherhood of the Nikitsky Monastery in the city. Pereyaslavl, Vladimirskaya. He was a pious and selfless man, but ardent and stubborn, and also prone to mysticism. The reasons why he decided to remove himself from the monastic order are not entirely clear, but the reason for such an act was for him, as can be seen from his letter to A.V. Gorsky (“History of the Moscow Spiritual Academy before its transformation” by S.K. Smirnov, p. 623 – 631), a ban on printing the interpretation of the Apocalypse he wrote over ten years, filled with many oddities. Having decided to remove himself from the monastic rank, he, despite the convictions of many, including Metropolitan Philaret and A.V. Gorsky, whom he deeply respected, carried out his intention in 1863 and became a layman, receiving his secular name of Alexander Matveevich. Also in 1863, he got married in Pereyaslavl. He spent the rest of his life in deprivation, but he led a strictly pious life and until his death he did not give up his spiritual and literary work. About him, by the way, in “The History of the Moscow Theological Academy before its transformation” by S.K. Smirnova, pp. 463 – 465 and 628 – 632. Bishop Pavel Lebedev, who died in the rank of Archbishop of Kazan in 1892. That is universal (all-class) military service, introduced in Russia in 1874. Books and icons selected by A.F. from the collection of the Holy Synod, sent by A.V. Gorsky for viewing. By the decree of the Holy Synod of June 13, 1869, ordinary professors of theological academies who do not have the degree of Doctor of Theology were asked to sign that they undertake, within three years after the approval of the new charter and staff of the academies, to submit dissertations or, instead of dissertations, scientific essays on subjects belonging to their science, in order to receive the degree of doctor. Prot. I.V. Vasiliev, † in 1881 In which the new charter was introduced only in 1870, a year later than in the St. Petersburg and Kiev academies. Arseny Moskvina, † in 1876 Golubinsky, then an extraordinary professor in the department of Russian church history, for a foreign business trip with an academic purpose to Greece and the Orthodox Slavic lands, for a year and a half. This business trip was given to him in May 1872. Read more about this below. M.I., master of the XXIII course (1862) of the Moscow Theological Academy, subsequently, until 1894, an extraordinary professor at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy in the department of history of philosophy. A foreign business trip for scientific purposes was given to him in 1873. Theologian, Chief Priest of the Army and Navy (formerly, until 1865, a teacher of the law at the School of Law), transferred to Moscow, cathedral archpriest of the Archangel Cathedral, and then, from 1879, protopresbyter of the Moscow Assumption Cathedral, author of the famous Sacred History of the Old and New Testaments (for St. He was awarded the degree of Doctor of Theology on the history of the New Testament), “Course of General Church Law” and other works. Died in 1884 About him, see letter 2, notes. His Eminence Philaret, Metropolitan of Moscow, on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the existence of the Moscow Theological Academy in 1864, donated a capital of 12,500 rubles, so that interest on this capital (in the amount of 640 rubles) would be awarded annually as a benefit and encouragement to one of the mentors of the Academy and that the basis for such an award would be primarily a useful and moral influence on the mentors and short-term service (“seniority based on useful and diligent service”), and also that a mentor, having once received this award, could be awarded it again no earlier than six years after receiving the first award. This award still exists at the Academy and is given annually to one of the mentors. At a meeting of the Academy Council on November 28, 1871, this prize was awarded to A.F. Lavrov. More about this in the Minutes of the Academy Council for 1871, pp. 228 – 230. Those. with the first doctoral debate at the Moscow Theological Academy, which took place on December 9, 1871. At this debate, the ordinary professor of the Academy, Archimandrite. Mikhail defended his essay “On the Gospels and Gospel History” (about Renan’s book “The Life of Jesus”, 2nd edition, Moscow, 1870). The metropolitans, Innocent of Moscow and Arseny of Kiev, and both Moscow vicars honored the debate with their presence. The official opponents were A.V. Gorsky and V.D. Kudryavtsev, from outsiders objected N.I. Aksakov and Gilyarov-Platonov. Before the start of the dispute, A.V. Gorsky gave a speech in which he spoke about the original origin of the title of teachers in the ancient church, explained the subsequent modification of this title into the academic degree of doctor in the West, recalled the founders of the Moscow (Slavic-Greco-Latin) Academy, the Likhud brothers, the first doctors in Russia who received this degree abroad, and indicated the circumstances of the establishment of the doctorate in our theological academies. Here, of course, “Second Apology on a New Question” by A.F. Lavrov, published in the 4th book of “Additions to the works of St. fathers" for 1871 and separately. Here, in all likelihood, is the article by N.K. Sokolova: “On the separation of court and administration in the diocesan department,” written regarding Art. A.F. Lavrov: “A new question in the Russian Orthodox Church” and published in the second volume of “Orthodox Review” for 1871, pp. 186 and 680. Nadezhdin, † in the rank of Archbishop of Kharkov in 1874, who in 1866 was the chairman of the committee to draw up a project for the transformation of religious educational institutions. See "Theological Bulletin" 1895, vol. I, p. 118, note. For the title of honorary member of the Moscow Theological Academy, to which Rev. Macarius had been elected by the Academy Council the previous year. See letter 24, notes. See letter 22, notes. Overbeck, a famous English theologian who joined Orthodoxy in 1871, and a zealot for the restoration of the Orthodox Church in the West, at the beginning of this year published in Latin an Appeal “to Roman Catholics - clergy and laity, who wish to see the restoration of the ancient Western Catholic Church in its primitive purity and glory” and at the same time presented to the Holy Synod the Experience of revising the rites of the Western Church: "Liturgia Missae Orthodoxo-Catholicae Occidentalis". Those. members of the spiritual-judicial committee, who stood for the establishment of district, independent or almost independent of diocesan bishops, spiritual courts, as opposed to A.F. Lavrov and some other members of the committee who defended the judicial power of diocesan bishops. About him - letter 2, notes. A real system of secondary education, built on the study of physical, mathematical and natural sciences and new languages, as opposed to the classical one, built on the study of ancient languages, appeared in Europe, along with the development of natural sciences, back in the 18th century. In Russia, several real gymnasiums with a seven-year course, similar to the German Realschulen, were established only in 1864. In the sixties, we had a struggle between classicism and realism in secondary education, which ended in 1872 with the victory of classicism. This year, real gymnasiums were transformed into six-grade real schools (the seventh grade was retained at some schools only as an additional one). Christmas. About him - letter 7, notes. Here, of course, is the article by L.B.: “On the issue of spiritual-judicial reform,” written in connection with the article by A.F.: “A new question in the Orthodox Russian Church.” Namely: “The third apology on a new issue,” published in the “Moscow Diocesan Gazette” for 1872. Professors and employees of the Academy. A.V. Tolokonnikov. See letter 18, notes. Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Archimandrite. Antonia, † in 1877 That is per week of Orthodoxy. Sergei Nikolaevich Urusov. Book S.N. Urusov was formerly the director of the spiritual and educational department, then a comrade of the chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod, and at the time described and until his death (January 13, 1883) he held the rank of chief administrator of the Second Department of His Imperial Majesty's own Chancellery. At his request, the Sovereign Emperor deigned to release at the expense of the treasury for the Moscow Theological Academy from the printing house of the Second Department a copy of the second Complete Collection of Laws, starting in 1840, with continuations (which are sent to the Academy to this day). 28 volumes of the second Complete Collection of Laws, from XV to XLII, the last published one inclusive, were immediately sent to the Academy from the printing house of the Second Department, in the amount of 64 books. - At the same time, due to the relationship of the prince. S.N. Urusov with the Minister of War, a copy of the set of military regulations was sent to the Academy. Eminence Arseny (Moskvin), † in 1876 We are talking about one of A.F.’s brochures, probably the Second Apology. Those. about the death of A.V.’s mother Gorsky - Olga Kozminichna. Golubinsky - about his business trip abroad. Read more about this below. Count Nik.Paul. Ignatiev, a famous statesman and diplomat, is now the chairman of the Slavic Charitable Society. N.P. Ignatiev had previously taken a close part in the Slavic issue. His efforts were before the Russian-Turkish War of 1877–1878. Porte's ideas were made by the European powers to ease the fate of the Slavs subject to Turkey, he was also the main figure in the Treaty of San Stefano - February 19, 1878. In particular, in the Greek-Bulgarian dispute, he, then the Russian ambassador in Constantinople, took the side of the Bulgarians, and under his main influence a firman was held on February 18, 1879 - on the establishment of the Bulgarian exarchate. Those. academic professorial corporation. Those. members of the committee who stood for limiting the judicial power of diocesan bishops. With the Order of St. Anna of the first degree. Uspensky, † in 1876. By decree of the Holy Synod of May 23, 2872 E.E. Golubinsky was sent to Greece and the Slavic Orthodox lands to familiarize himself with the modern church life of the Greeks and Slavs and to view the monuments of church antiquity for a year and a half, from the end of May 1872, 1000 rubles a year, and in a year and a half 1500 rubles were added to his salary as an extraordinary professor, so that during the trip he received the salary of an ordinary professor. The original resolution of the Sovereign Emperor on the most submissive report of the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod on the business trip of E.E. was stronger: “I agree, but on the condition that he should not interfere in political affairs.” Such caution is explained by the then church unrest on the Balkan Peninsula as a result of the Greek-Bulgarian church dispute. Business trip E.E. abroad took place mainly due to the participation in this case of the chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod, gr. YES. Tolstoy. Sergievsky, an ordinary professor at the Academy, for treatment abroad. Director of the Economic Administration under the Holy Synod, † in 1875 About him - letter 15, notes. After the summer holidays, during which A.F. went to Sergiev Posad. Old Catholics. Here we are talking about the Cologne Congress of Old Catholics - September 20 - 22, 1872, which was attended by I.L. Yanyshev, as a delegate from the St. Petersburg Department of the Society of Lovers of Spiritual Enlightenment. Old Catholics are Catholics who separated from the Roman Church after the proclamation of the dogma of papal infallibility at the Vatican Council in 1870. The father of the Old Catholic movement was a famous historian and scientist, professor at the University of Munich Döllinger. Having rejected the doctrine of the infallibility of the pope, the Old Catholics, by virtue of consistency, rejected the dogma of the primacy of the pope in the church, and then all the other innovations of the Roman Church, and at present they have moved significantly closer to Orthodoxy. In the first years of its existence, the Old Catholic movement attracted considerable attention and sympathy here in Russia, and our spiritual magazines of the early seventies were full of news about the Old Catholics. Then this attention, unfortunately, weakened, but now it seems to be reborn again. Since 1893, with the aim of better acquaintance and rapprochement between Old Catholics and Orthodox Christians, it has been published in Bern (Switzerland), edited by Prof. Michaud, in three languages ​​- German, French and English - the international Old Catholic theological journal "Revue intérnationale de Théologie" ("International Theological Review"). The main figures in relations with Old Catholics in Russia are: Protopresbyter I.L. Yanyshev, General A.A. Kireev and the late professor of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy I.T. Osinin. Recently, we have also had a whole study on Old Catholicism: Kerensky’s master’s thesis, published last year under this title in Kazan, is dedicated to it. A review of this book was published in the Theological Bulletin, January 1895. Old Catholic communities, with bishops, now exist in almost all states of Western Europe and America. Their situation, previously largely constrained, has recently improved somewhat. Peter Fed., a graduate of the Moscow Theological Academy of the XXVIII course (1872), now an official in the Department of Institutions of the Empress Maria, a famous pedagogical writer. S.V., master of the 17th year (1870), later an official of special assignments at the Main Directorate for Press Affairs. Protection of the Holy Theotokos (October 1st), in whose honor the academic church was built. Sokolov, † elevated to the rank of Bishop of Smolensk in 1869, author of “The Experience of a Course in Church Jurisprudence.” Articles “On Freedom of Conscience” were published in “Christian Reading” from September to December 1864 and February 1865. Doctoral dissertation by I.L. Yanyshev “The state of the teaching about conscience, freedom and grace in Orthodox systematic theology and an attempt to clarify this teaching.” This work, after consideration at the Academy, was presented to the Holy Synod. I. E. Lovyagin, an ordinary professor at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy in the department of Greek, defended his doctoral dissertation: “On the attitude of classical writers to biblical ones according to the view of Christian apologists” (St. Petersburg, 1872) on November 5, 1872. M.O. Koyalovich, then an extraordinary professor at St. Petersburg. Spiritual Academy in the department of Russian civil history († in 1891), defended his doctoral dissertation in 1873: “The history of the reunification of Western Russian Uniates of old times until the present century.” This letter ends the letters of A.F. to A.V. Gorsky from St. Petersburg. Soon he returned to Sergiev Posad. The committee's meetings, as already mentioned, ended in nothing. To the 18th letter (“Theological Bulletin” September). In a letter to the 18th A.F., regarding the rumor about the audit of the Academies, he expresses, according to I.A. Nenarokomov, the belief that “there can be no audits of academies, just as there are no audits of universities.” This confidence turned out to be premature, however. In 1874, a little after the new academic charter finally came into effect, the Holy Synod considered it timely to check the effect of the new charter and instructed Archbishop Macarius of Lithuania (later Metropolitan of Moscow), who was present at the Synod, to audit all four academies. In the same year, 1874, His Eminence Macarius inspected the Kyiv and Kazan academies, and in 1875 – St. Petersburg and Moscow. This review gave very comforting results and confirmed that the academies are fully consistent with their purpose. More details about this can be found in the book of the late I.A. Chistovich: “St. Petersburg Theological Academy over the last 30 years (1858 – 1888”, St. Petersburg, 1889, pp. 123 – 125.