X. Плата за антиминсы

How, upon receipt of church-created charters, tribute was paid for them (Description of documents and papers stored in the Moscow archive of the Ministry of Justice, book 1, 1869. On church duties, p. 5 et al.); so it was also charged for antimensions. Payment for antimins in Russia has been taken since ancient times. For in the charter of 1551, July 15th, it was indicated to take the antimins duty “in the old way.” Thus, in the 16th century this was considered an ancient custom. The said charter says that “by decree of Sovereign Ivan Vasilyevich and Metropolitan Macarius... it is ordered that the cathedral priests of St. Sophia live according to the old times, and that they receive the proskurny duty from the monasteries and from the city's proskurnitsa, and that they have to pay the duty according to the old times... And that they have the archpriest of Troyets and the priests from Pskov eat antimensions, and they give them a duty according to the old times. to the Tsarev of the current code for an antimins of half a half 241.” (Act. Arch. Expedition. vol. 1, No. 229, p. 222). The reference in this charter to antiquity refers not to the amount of money, but to the custom of taking payment for antimensions and giving the antimensions fee to the clergy of the St. Sophia Cathedral. As for the actual amount of money of this duty, its amount - half a half (25 kopecks), indicated in the above document - was assigned under Metropolitan Macarius. Before him, they charged from a ruble to one and a half Novgorod rubles for the antimend 242 . This can be seen from the royal charter to the Novgorod governor, Prince Khilkov, March 10, 1641. It mentions the charter of Grand Duke Ivan Vasilyevich in 7012 (1504), in which it was said that “the antimensions were given to the archpriest of Sophia, and to the protodeacon and priest in the old days... And since ancient times, the entire Sophia Cathedral received duties from the antimensions, from the churches, which are churches near Novogorod, where in the parish there are five hundred or six hundred, up to a ruble and up to one and a half Novgorod rubles from the church, from the antimension; and where churches are dedicated, and at church dedications all the offerings went to them.... Then in the charter of 1641 we read: “And in the summer of 7059 (1551), Macarius Metropolitan of All Russia with the Archbishops and Bishops and with the entire consecrated cathedral laid down: they were ordered to take half a half for the antimension from the old churches, and five altyns from the exhibition from the new churches, and on the church offerings that the churches were dedicated, they were ordered they are to have a third of the offering, but they are not ordered to have more than that... and that income comes to them... from the antimins now it reaches twenty Moscow rubles per year, and in other years more than that, and in another less than that.” (Act. Arch. Expedition. vol. III, No. 306, pp. 451 – 453). This duty, given to the clergy of the cathedral church, was divided among its members, whose duties, as they saw, included the preparation and issuance of antimensions 243. From the indicated royal charter (1641), the time of Patriarch Joasaph, it is clear that payment for antimensions of half a half, which began from the time of Metropolitan Macarius, was also collected under this Patriarch 244. Patriarch Joachim abolished the payment for antimensions. He ordered them to be given out without money. In the decree of Patriarch Joachim in 183 it was said that for the consecrated antimensions, canvas should be bought and seals should be given from the treasury and distributed without money. For such dispatch of which, according to the report card of 710, 15 rubles per year were allocated (Case of the Architect of the Holy Synod, July 23, 1742, No. 205). The same thing was ordered in the Patriarch’s Official of the Episcopal Clergy, 1671, 245, published at the time. But, instead of paying for the antimensions, each protege to the priesthood and deacons, among other set fees, had to pay “three altyns for the Trisagion of two black priests, 246 per person, for their extra work, that they would issue antimensions and chrism to the priestly rank without money.” 247 Under Patriarch Adrian, whether canvas was released for antimensions is unknown. Under Stefan Yavorsky, who ordered that the antimensions be printed on good linen, and not on a simple canvas, for the canvas money was collected in the State Prikaz from persons - petitioners who needed antimensions. But what amount is unknown 248 . A fee was charged for antimensions printed from copper plates during the time of Patriarch Hadrian. With him, anti-mines boards were made - one large, grated on copper and the other carved on tin. By his decree, they took duties from each antimension printed from a large board, 1 ruble 75 kopecks, including 15 kopecks for craftsmen for work (Case of the Arch. of the Holy Synod, July 25, 1753, No. 157). It is very likely that antimensions were printed on the atlas from this board. In 1702, on August 13th, by decree of His Imperial Majesty, a tax was imposed on the treasury for the printing of each antimension, on satin and canvas. According to this decree, the book reference Fyodor Polikarpov ordered from the antimins, which will be printed on atlas and on canvas in the Order, to charge 3 altyns for 2 money 249 (i.e., 10 kopecks), and for the master for work 5 altyn (i.e., a total of 8 altyns and 2 money or 25 kopecks) from antimensions, and give those antimensions from the Order with a receipt. (Case of the Arch. of the Holy Synod, June 25, 1753, No. 157). In 1704, the so-called Fryazhsky antimensions of large size were printed, which required greater expenses for cutting the copper board than before. And the fee for them was the most expensive, in comparison with other antimenses. For the Fryazh antimins, in addition to the specified duties to the Order (3 altyns and 2 money and 5 altyns for the master for work), another 2 rubles 50 kopecks were paid to the treasury, if the antimins were printed on a government atlas, and 1 ruble 75 kopecks, if not on government-issued material 250. In the same year, 1704, by decree of His Majesty and by order of the Privy Councilor, Count Musin-Pushkin, it was necessary to take 50 kopecks from a newly cut copper board, including 10 kopecks for the craftsmen for the antimins 251. (Case of the Arch. of the Holy Synod, July 25, 1753, No. 157). For antimensions printed from a tin board, at first no duty was charged to the treasury, but then in 1725 it was specified that 4 kopecks should be taken from them, including 2 kopecks for the printer 252. Thus, for each antimensions that were printed from a tin board, a duty of 29 kopecks was levied: in Order 25 cop. and 4 kopecks to the treasury. But, soon after this decree, for unknown reasons, they began to take 25 kopecks into the treasury, instead of 4. In 1726, the Holy Synod found that the Bishops were ascribing to themselves an inconvenient yoke when they demanded a duty for antimensions not of 4 kopecks, but of 25 kopecks, and demanded that a certificate be made indicating by what decrees the duty for antimensions was increased. The Holy Synod sent a decree to the Moscow printing house on February 27, 1727, in which it asked about excessive duties. And in the same year, on July 7th, I received an answer that “according to a certificate from that printing house in the last year of May 27, 1725, according to the verdict, signed by the hand of the director who was there, Grigory Zamyatnin, it was ordered that duties to the treasury be taken from each antimins of osmi altyn for two money, from which previously 4 kopecks were given to the treasury, and from the office of St. Synod and no decree about that overlay was sent from anywhere, but in the opinion of this Moscow printing house, the treasury should take 10 kopecks of duties from the antimins, and the artisans should receive 2 kopecks for printing those. Then the Holy Synod ordered that from the above-mentioned antimensions, printed in the Moscow printing house, duty money be taken into the treasury according to the previous custom, 4 kopecks from each, and moreover, nothing should be imposed or taken, and a decree was sent to that printing office on September 26th of the same year.” (Case of the Arch. of the Holy Synod, July 25, 1753, No. 157). Similarly, for some time the price of antimensions, printed not from a tin board on non-official material, increased. They began to take 60 kopecks from each antimension into the treasury. The discovery of the collection of an unspecified price and the suppression of abuse was prompted by the demand for antimensions from the Synod by Bishop Raphael of Pskov. When he asked the Holy Synod to send him 30 antimensions for his diocese; he then drew the attention of the Holy Synod to the fact that from the St. Petersburg printing house it was indicated that for antimensions printed on brought materials, each one should be taken to the treasury, according to the decree, 50 kopecks, and the artisans for their work 10 kopecks, and this decree was enshrined on February 17th day 1724 by the then-former Troptsky St. Sergius Monastery Archimandrite Gabriel. St. The Synod of March 28th ordered the St. Petersburg printing house to print 30 antimensions on the material sent from His Eminence Raphael, taking 30 kopecks of money for them from the treasury, for each antimensions, and give the antimensions to be taken to His Eminence, the house servant sent from him, without detention, with a receipt; and henceforth, if anyone requests the printing of antimensions, and according to those requirements, those antimensions, on those materials given from those materials, should be printed, and for that the seal will be taken, against the above, 30 kopecks per antimension, without any excess, and what is wrong with this, according to the definition of the above-mentioned former Trinity St. Sergius Monastery Archimandrite Gabriel, that then there was the Right Reverend Bishop Ryazan, 50 kopecks each to the treasury, and the artisans were given 10 kopecks each, for a total of 60 kopecks, and leave that, and in the future not take that much, so that the clergy and parish people would not have a burden from it. (The file of the archives of the Holy Synod, 1753, No. 157). But when, when paying duty money, they also took an antimension for the material; then the price for antimins was more than 30 kopecks, exactly 70 kopecks 253. At the same time, we see that antimensions printed on canvas cost two rubles, and those printed on satin cost five rubles. And such payment was not considered illegal. This can be seen from the case 254 of the Belograd investigative commission on the antimensions sent by Archbishop Dosifei of Belograd to the churches of his diocese 255. Upon entering the diocese, he wished that on all its thrones there would be antimensions with his own signature 256. For this purpose, he ordered that in those churches in which there were old antimensions on the altars, they should be replaced with new ones, consecrated by him; and from the churches where the antimensions were still new, he demanded the previously consecrated antimensions to sign his name on them 257, even if there was the signature of the Bishop who consecrated the antimensions (Deeds, p. 153). When they sent out a large number of newly consecrated antimensions 258 to the dioceses, as well as many signed previously consecrated ones 259 and a significant amount of money was collected; then an investigative commission was appointed in the case of these antimensions. For us, when indicating the payment for antimensions, what is important in this case is that the investigative commission did not accuse Archbishop Dosifei of either demanding a large, immoderate payment for antimensions, or charging him money for his own signature on them, but blamed him for changing the antimensions without extreme need. At the same time, the investigative commission itself made a reservation regarding cases of changing antimensions, that there are no exact rules about this 260. When it came to the attention of the Holy Synod 261 that Archbishop Hilarion of Chernigov raised the fee for each antimension to 8 rubles, and they were ordered, despite such a price, to change the antimensions on each throne of the Chernigov diocese, and that then the former, after Archbishop Hilarion, Metropolitan Anthony of Chernigov changed again antimensions 262; Then, in 1742, on December 13th, the Holy Synod issued a resolution that no excessive and immoderate taking of money should be made for antimensions, and without need, i.e. until the antimension becomes dilapidated, or without asking, the Bishops did not change the antimension voluntarily, for their own gain. (Case file of the archives of the Holy Synod, July 23, 1742, No. 205) After eleven years, the Holy Synod in 1753 ordered that no payment for antimensions be taken at all. First, he demanded, on an unknown occasion, from the Moscow printing office news, firstly, about the antimins boards available in the printing house, in what years each of them was made, in what value it became, and since the time of embossing with those boards whether it was returned to the printing house and in which years the value used to make those boards was returned or not; secondly, for printing with those boards, since in the dacha there are duties and money earned by the craftsmen separately, and those duties and money earned are collected according to what institutions and decrees. At the same time, the Holy Synod added that if there are any institutions and decrees about this; then the printing office would send copies of them to the Holy Synod. The printing office informed the Holy Synod that the antimension boards available in the printing house were installed - a large one, grated on copper and carved on tin, under His Holiness Cyrus Adrian the Patriarch, and another grated (middle) board was made in 1724. What cost they became has not been found. In 1745, a large grated board was made from government-issued printing copper, and the master was given fifty rubles for cutting it. How many antimensions were printed with all these boards before 1731 and how much money was collected for them, the Moscow printing office did not find information about, because the receipt and expenditure books of previous years and the file on them were taken from the printing house in 1731. Since 1731, the collection of money received from antimensions printed from the ridged middle board and from the tin board, also from the former ridged board, altered in 1745 (except for giving printers from each antimension a large ridged board for 15 kopecks, an average one for 10 kopecks, a tin board for 2 kopecks) is presented to the Holy Synod in the following statement: At the same time, the printing office reported to the Holy Synod that for the printing of antimensions with the indicated boards, as many duties are taken to the treasury as were previously collected, as indicated in the report sent to the Holy Governing Synod, in October 1727, on the 10th day, namely: from a large ridged board, established by decree of His Holiness Cyrus Adrian the Patriarch, duty money a ruble of seventy-five kopecks was taken from each antiminsa, including fifteen kopecks for the craftsmen for their work; and in 1704, by decree of the blessed and eternal glory worthy of the memory of His Imperial Majesty, by order of the Privy Councilor Count Musin-Pushkin, it was confirmed to take because. It was determined to take fifty kopecks from the newly cut copper board, including ten kopecks from the antimins to the craftsmen; and first of all, four kopecks were taken from the tin board, including two kopecks for the printer 263. And in 1725, according to the determination of director Zamyatnin, it was ordered to take twenty-five kopecks from the antimins, but in 1727, on the 26th day of September, by decree of St. The Governing Synod was ordered to take duty money into the treasury from the antimensions printed in this printing house, as was the previous custom, from each of four kopecks, and moreover, not to impose or take anything at all. And in October 1749, on the 18th day, such a report was presented from the printing office with the Holy Governing Synod that if the Holy Governing Synod for any reason does not deign to take duties, then the price at which the boards laid out for antimensions will continue to be laid out on new books, from which the layout will not result in superiority in the price of books against the current one, and to the craftsmen for work from each antimension, why now it is given, from where it will be deigned to produce for the dacha, for the artisans of the mill where the antimensions are printed are supported without salary, on wages alone. The Holy Synod, having examined such a report from the printing office, took into account that, according to the instructions of the stated statement, one thousand seven hundred and forty-eight rubles and eight kopecks were collected from all the boards of duty money (including the larger one rebuilt in 1745, with the dacha for cutting it out to the master of fifty rubles - four hundred and fifty-one rubles and sixty kopecks), and that the amount used was the production of those boards was chosen with great excess, and when printing these antimensions no materials are used except ink, and then at the lowest price, and even for the antimensions newly made at the Academy of Sciences, a lot of money will remain from the proceeds from the previous printing, for this reason they ordered: from now on, no duties or wages will be taken from those printed antimensions, and those antimensions will be printed on the materials sent, according to written by their Eminences the Bishops, or whoever is entrusted by their Eminences, with demands without taking fees and wages, and released with notes and receipts, but without written ones from the Eminences Bishops, or with the order of their Eminences from the consistories, not to print at all according to anyone’s demands and not to allow it to be strictly observed by the printing rulers. The artisans who are in that single printing and do not receive a salary, except for wages, must be assigned to the printing work together with other artisans, to whom the salary will be paid, who will be assigned to what rank. When the printing of antimensions happens, it must be done by the artisans themselves, instead of printing books. (Case of the Arch. of the Holy Synod, July 25, 1753, No. 157). Duty-free printing and distribution of antimensions was approved by the Highest in 1765. At first, when the States were published in 1764, the manifesto declared that “the white priesthood, from the collection of ruinous money from churches, which was established by the former Patriarchs and, as a burden to the priesthood, continued, should be completely abolished.” Then in April 18, 1765, the Highest Decree, among other things, declared: “that charters for the construction and consecration of churches should be given without money, and without making the slightest stop or difficulty; and when giving away antimensions, take only 50 kopecks for one canvas, and do not change old antimensions, unless they are completely dilapidated.” (Full. Collection Zach. T. XVII, No. 12,379). In the present century, a fee was assigned upon receipt of the antimins - first a few kopecks, and then a ruble, and on these grounds: The Moscow Synodal Printing Office in July 3, 1822, in its report, wrote to the Holy Synod that when printing antimensions in the synodal printing house on atlas on figured mills with copper engraved boards, it was necessary to pay for the work only figure masters - from 1800, 20 kopecks, and in 1811, 15 kopecks were added to that, which amounts to 35 kopecks for each, which is the amount that was and is now given to figure masters. And how, since 1813, it was paid for engraving boards in St. Petersburg, two for 800 rubles, - 1600 rubles, but here in Moscow, two for 400 rubles, - 800 rubles, a figure machine was also bought for 1000 rubles, a total of three thousand four hundred rubles; Yes, for pressing those antimensions, materials are used, such as: chalk, Alonsky soil, wood and hemp oil, Russian cloth, walnut sponges, clean rags and antler bowls, of which more than a hundred rubles are bought per year, and the office, spending such a significant amount, does not receive anything in return, therefore the printing office submitted to the Holy Synod whether it would deign to currently produced for each antimension - thirty-five kopecks - to collect twenty-five kopecks from each in favor of the treasury, which will amount to sixty kopecks for each, which the printing office requested in the resolution of the decree. St. The Synod, in recognition of the fact that the printing office spent a significant amount on the purchase of copper boards and a figured mill, and in addition to the embossing of those antimensions spent on materials, but did not receive anything in return, allowed it (August 22, 1822), for printing each antimensions, instead of the 35 kopecks received, to collect one ruble, from which to make the money then issued for embossing (35 kopecks), and add the rest to the typographical amount. And the persons who demanded antimensions from the printing office were obliged to deliver directly to it through the mail, or third-party attorneys, both the money allocated for printing them, i.e., one ruble for each antimensions, and the very material on which those antimensions were to be printed, or also in money, at a known selling price. (The file of the archives of the Holy Synod, July 10, 1822, No. 36). According to the table approved by the Holy Synod in 1842, the Moscow Synodal Printing House charged a fee of 57 ¼ kopecks for printing and mailing each antimension. In October 1807, the 19th, this printing house entered the Holy Synod with such a proposal that with the specified fee, it not only does not receive any benefits from this operation, but constantly incurs losses. Antimenses are not required in large quantities, rarely 100, but more than 50, 30 and 10 copies; Meanwhile, each time they are printed, it takes at least 2 days to adjust the mold and lay out the deckle; counting the wages of the craftsmen and the amount for general costs, taking into account the significant value of the boards for antiminds and the paint itself, to which half of the lamp soot is added, each working day on the machine costs more than 3 rubles. 50 kopecks; finally, with each shipment, the printing house pays: a) for capping, the contractor pays 60 kopecks per box, b) insurance 1 kopeck. per ruble, c) for a receipt 5 kopecks, d) for a seal, if the cost of antiminds exceeds 100 rubles - 10 kopecks. and e) for shipping from 10–30 kopecks. per pound - the weight of the boxes usually ranges from 6 to 16 pounds. Taking into account all the costs, each copy of the antimens costs the printing house, for the most part, twice as much as the fee received. For these reasons, the office asks for permission: to charge 57 ¼ kopecks for printing antimensions, instead of the fee specified in the 1842 report card, at 1 ruble per copy, and to charge the mailing to the account of those issuing antimensions. At the same time, the Economic Administration under the Holy Synod presented the following opinion to the Holy Synod: taking into account that the fee determined by the time sheet of 1842, with the current increase in the reserve fee and the value of materials, really cannot cover the costs required for printing antimensions, and that the transfer of antimensions to the account of the printing house is not mentioned in the said timesheet, it would be believed, according to the representation of the Moscow office Synodal printing house, charge for printing antimensions one ruble per copy, with expenses charged to the account of those issuing antimensions. St. The Synod, by its resolution, on January 21, 1868, approved this proposal. (Case of the Archives of the Holy Synod 1868, No. 258). Was there at that time a special coin called a half-half coin, or did the word half-half mean the value, the payment account, in any case, the half-half coin meant 25 kopecks, or a quarter. In Description of Russian and foreign coins circulating in Russia, op. Baron Chaudoir, trans. V. A. St. Petersburg 1837, in table 7, in figure 8, half a half of 7162 (1654) years is depicted. Her weight is 151 shares. In the Description of coins in the collection of Ya. Ya. Reichel, under No. 176, a half-half with the year 7162 is shown (among the original coins) in a spool and 72 shares; from such a weight of half a half, an efimok of 7 spools is obtained, i.e., equal to an instance of the disputed stamp. (Coin and weight in Russia until the end of the 18th century. D. I. Prozorovsky. St. Petersburg, 1863, p. 317). The Novgorod ruble of the 15th century was divided into 216 money - 15 3/7 hryvnia; the current coin is valued at 8 rubles 11⅔ kopecks. (Coin and weight in Russia until the end of the 18th century. D. P. Prozorovsky. St. Petersburg, 1865, p. 385). In the list of the charter of 1504, found in the Novgorod consistory archive of old affairs, it is said that the duties of proskura (i.e. for prosphora, which were taken for churches from the Sofia prosphyryak or prosphora), antimins and holiday (i.e. for serving liturgies in churches and singing prayers by the cathedral archpriest or priests on holidays) went according to antiquity; and the division of duties between the cathedral clergy is indicated. From the collected duties they received: the archpriest one and a half vyti, the protodeacon and priests all a vyti, the deacons in the priest's floors - half a vyti, two Kryloshanins and the wall clerks all in the deacon's floors - a quarter vyti. (Description of the Novgorod St. Sophia Cathedral, compiled by Archpriest Peter Solovyov. St. Petersburg, 1858, p. 35. Sn. 11. See also in the Acts of Archaeology. Expedition. vol. 3, no. 306). If sometimes, for example under Patriarch Filaret, an antimension was given duty-free (see above p. 92, note); then this was an exception to the general rule, in respect of the person (Sapega) who asked for the antimension, and on the occasion of unfortunate circumstances of the church (the destruction of the church by enemies). There, on page 28, in the Council saying of His Holiness Joachim, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, and His Eminence Metropolitans, Archbishops and Bishops of Russia in 1675, by the way, it is printed: “Antimins should be sent to all Bishops to be printed in the reigning city of Moscow, - books of printing in the courtyard, with the blessing His Holiness Patriarch. Payments are given for their very kind and honest work, and for the artist’s work, the Bishop pays his own money. I will consecrate something to the Bishop himself in my own diocese. And I give tuna freely, and not for sale, to new churches (or to dilapidated places) throughout my diocese. Antimensions, presanctified and perfect, with holy relics embedded in them, were sent to the newly built churches, with the Archimandrite or the abbot, or the protopresbyter or the most reverent presbyter, and they were ordered to sanctify the church with a small priesthood, this skillful and extraordinary, with the position of the previously sacred antimension from the Bishop himself. Where the church is completely sanctified by the Bishop himself, there is an antiminsion placed without the relics of the saints, then in the very consecration of the church the Bishop himself places the relics in the holy meal in the middle pillar, as is the custom.” Whether altyns were only counting units or current coins cannot be said for sure, because before the altyns of Peter the Great, such coins are not found anywhere. (Essay on the history of the ancient monetary system in Rus'. I. Belyaev. Moscow. 1846, p. 22. See also in Readings by them. General history and ancient., No. 3). In a report extract from the Patriarchal Treasury Order, submitted to Patriarch Joachim in 1675, and where this payment is indicated, it was said that from the time of Patriarch Philaret until 1675, proteges paid 4 rubles or more. Patriarch Joachim reduced duties for proteges to 2 rubles per priest and 1 ruble per deacon. The impetus for reducing the established duties was that “the great lord, His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, questioning the appointed priests and learning from them about their many red tape and unnecessary losses, having mercy on the deacons and priests who wanted to be appointed under him by His Holiness the Patriarch, so that they would not suffer the same red tape and unnecessary losses, pointed out from those proteges to have duties." (Act. history. T. IV, No. 259, p. 564). From the indication of duties it is clear that the set duties were taken on the cathedral clergy, on the clergy of the cross bishop's church, on clerks and house servants of the bishop's church, on clerks and house servants of the bishop's church. In the notebook of 711 it is written: “The Reverend Stefan, Metropolitan of Ryazan, ordered these antimensions to be printed on good linen, but not printed on plain canvas, and that that good linen will be purchased, and for that linen money will be collected to the State Prikaz from the petitioners, and then according to the State Order the departure according to the notebook is indicated on the 728th of February on the 23rd day. And the taking of money is written like this: taken by decree. And why it is scolded is not written, but to this day the administration of those antimensions is maintained by the hieromonks of the synodal house, but with what order, and from what time after the burning in the great fire that was in Moscow in the past in 1737, according to the Treasury Order, no news has been found. And under these decrees of His Holiness Joachim Patriarch and under the determination of His Eminence Stephen, Metropolitan of Ryazan, sending decrees to the diocese is not shown. (Case file of the Archives of the Holy Synod, 1742, No. 205). Price: three altyns and two money - the same, which, according to the decree of January 23, 1669, was paid for stamp paper with a large coat of arms (see Historical review of legislation on stamp duty in Russia, compiled by A. Novitsky. St. Petersburg, 1861, pp. 5 - 7). Altyn is a counting unit of 6 money (Trade book in 1 volume, 3rd app. department of Russian and Slavic archaeologist. III, p. 16). Under Peter the Great, the altyn was a real coin, worth 3 kopecks; The museums contain altyns from 1704, 1711, 1712, 1713, 1714 and 1718. Based on the fineness and weight of these altyns, the price is determined for them: 1704 at 4 kopecks, 1711 at 3 ½ kopecks, 1712 at 3 ½ kopecks, 1718 from 3 1/8 to 4 kopecks in current coins. There is no exact information about the samples of other altyns. (Coin and weight in Russia until the end of the 18th century. Prozorovsky. St. Petersburg, 1865, p. 381). Here’s how we read about it: “On July 16, 1704, by decree of His Imperial Majesty, boyar Ivan Alekseevich Musin-Pushkin ordered the book printing yard to print Fryazhsky antimensions on government atlases, and whoever of those printed Fryazhsky antimensions wants to take, and from those people to the treasury of His Imperial Majesty take 2 rubles for 16 Altyn 2 money per antimins, and in the Order the foreman should be charged for work against the previous decree, as recorded in that book of August on the 13th day of 1702. And if someone brings an atlas from himself, he will take 1 ruble 25 altyn to the treasury for those antimensions and for the work.” (Case file of the archives of the Holy Synod, June 25, 1753, No. 157). Probably what is meant here is the board that was called the middle one. (See further page 284). By decree of Her Majesty the Empress, the office of the Moscow Printing House, having heard statements about the collection from the tin board with which small antimensions are printed duty-free, sentenced for this tin board with which antimensions are printed, at the request of the Bishops and from various dioceses and from cathedrals and from monasteries and parish churches of Moscow and city and district, on their own (not state-owned) atlases and damasks and on canvases, from which from ancient times in the printing house there were no duties to the treasury for any reason, now from Her Majesty the treasury is to be taken from those who demand for the printing of each antimension a duty of osmi altyn for two money, and that money is recorded in the parish to the consumable by decree, and to the artisans for work according to the previous definition, and about that to the consumable send a decree, and write this sentence in a book, May 1725, 27th day. (Case file of the archives of the Holy Synod, June 25, 1753, No. 157). This is the case of the Holy Synod regarding the antimensions issued from the Synodal Chamber for Tsarskoe Selo. From this case it is clear that payment for them was demanded at 70 kopecks. But there is no mention of the material sent for antimensions. In the report of the Synodal Clerk Sila Zamyatin to the Holy Synod it is said that in 1736, in the month of July, from a cabinet located in the Synodal chamber, called the audience, from among those lying there in a wooden box, fifteen antimensions with St. were printed on atlas. five relics were handed over for the consecration of churches, at the request of the room of Her Highness the noble Empress Tsesarevna Elisaveta Petrovna, sent from the estate of Her Highness the village of Tsarskoe to the Znamensky priest Ignatius Gavrilov, with a receipt. And for these five consecrated antimensions, the proper duty money given was three rubles, fifty kopecks and a half were received. (Case file of the archives of the Holy Synod, September 27, 1738, No. 155). When dividing three rubles and a half into five antimins, the cost of each will be 70 kopecks. File of the archive of the Holy Synod, January 27, 1735, No. 113. This file contains 1434 pages. Dosifei Bogdanovich Lyubimsky was consecrated in 1731 on November 28th, from the Archimandrites of the Savinsky Zvenigorod Monastery, to the Archbishop of Belograd (Lists of Bishops, compiled by Yuri Tolstoy, p. 8). The History of the Russian Hierarchy says that he was excommunicated (?) and died on March 23, 1736 in the Kursk Monastery. (Ist.Russian Hierarchy, part I, p. 171). He ruled the diocese for two years and died under investigation. (Four-part gift to the young people of the Kursk province. Works by the Most Rev. Theoktistus, Bishop of Kursk. Moscow 1806, p. 128). Above (p. 99) an assumption was made about the existence in ancient times of such a custom that a newly arrived Bishop in the diocese confirmed old churches (that is, not newly built ones) with antimensions. Others pointed to this custom as non-Russian. When the Holy Synod was notified (in July 1742) by the Chief Prosecutor, Prince Shakhovsky, that His Eminence Metropolitan Anthony of Chernigov was changing the antimensions and making collections with money, and demanded an explanation from His Eminence Anthony; then the Right Reverend Anthony, in a report to the Holy Synod, among other things, wrote: “I am a foreign person and do not know the Great Russian custom, for in the Moldavian land the custom is when a new Bishop is assigned to a diocese; then from him new printed antimensions are distributed to all churches, and the old ones are stripped.” (Archive file of the Holy Synod, July 23, 1742, No. 205). He signed the following on the antimensions consecrated before: “Humble Dosifei, Archbishop of Belograd and Oboyan”; and on the one consecrated by himself: “Highly named Archbishop by an imperious hand.” The number of newly consecrated antimins and the payment received for them are set out in the following table for the indicated case: For the new antimensions he took: For 2 to newly built churches and to the Bishop, and to the treasury for 5 rubles - 12 For the 4th for subscription and for the decree on the consecration of churches 24 rubles. , but not painted separately. To newly consecrated churches for 3 to the treasury for 3 rubles. on the Bishop and consecration 12 Total for new ones for 359 antiminds 765 rubles. 30 kopecks Including for the bishop’s person 722 rubles. 30 kopecks Number signed by the Archbishop. The addition of previously consecrated antimensions and the payment for them are set out in the following table in the case mentioned: For the old ones (i.e. antimensions). For a bishop's person: “ 3 for 2 rubles 50 kopecks 7 “ 50 kopecks For 4 to 5 rubles. …. …. 20 ”(Cases, p.572) for 1 (ant.) ...... 1 rub. 60 k. “ 23 “ For 1 rub. 20…… 27 “ 60 “ “ 110 “ For 1 rub…… 110 “ – “ Total for the old 139 antimins. 141 rub. 75k. Taken for new and old 498 antimins. 907" 5" Including: for the bishop's person. 864" – " Members of the investigative commission, upon examining the antimensions that were replaced by newly consecrated ones, found that they were good, and others were even new, and six were even signed by Archbishop Dosifei himself, and those “that were stained” (that is, found inconvenient to perform divine services on them), “and on those it is quite possible to perform services.” And in their report to the Holy Synod, the members of the investigative commission wrote that “although there are no exact rules about these” antimensions, the said commission recognized him, Dositheus, Archbishop of Belograd, as simony and a delicacy insatiable from the collected bribes, since he repaired without any proper needs, and selected old antimensions that were good and still fit for service, and which also he Dosifei Archbishop had previously signed exactly six antimensions (as revealed above); and he changed those a second time, and the Bishop did it for them for no other reason than to acquire new antimensions for himself for the subscription of simony of no small amount” (p. 695). The Archbishop himself examined the old antimensions and ordered his subdeacon Peter Antsev to put them away in the sacristy. Receipt of money for antimensions took place through the mediation of this subdeacon. Antsev, during the first interrogation, testified that he charged two rubles for new antimensions for the bishop’s person, and one ruble for the Bishop’s signature on old ones (p. 703). When all the priests who received the newly consecrated antimensions or who appeared before the Archbishop for his own signature on them were interrogated; Then, from their tribal responses, it was discovered that many priests paid more than Subdeacon Antsev showed. During the second interrogation, he said that he did this for the sake of the fact that in addition to the mentioned number, he, the subdeacon, (for the honor) received two hryvnias, and more and less, from the priests for the clerical servants, and he does not remember how many of those from whom he received. And they divided the money among themselves. The viceroy of the Chernigov department, Hieromonk (later abbot of the Tver Kashinsky Monastery) Sosipater, denounced the Archbishop. During the investigation of this case, it turned out that in 736 and 737, by decree and instructions of the Bishop himself, Hierodeacon Konstantin Usievich, who ruled for the Archdeacon, went to twelve monasteries, two archtopias, one viceroyalty and one volost of the Chernigov See, to distribute newly consecrated antimensions, instead of the old ones. He distributed them up to two hundred and took 8 rubles for each. According to the opinion of the investigative commission, presented to the Holy Synod during the lifetime of Archbishop Hilarion, he should have been ordered to return 6 rubles for each antimension, being content with two rubles. But no such penalty was made on the occasion of the subsequent death of His Grace Hilarion. (Case file of the archives of the Holy Synod, July 23, 1742, No. 205). His Grace Hilarion of Chernigov was Archbishop of Kazan from 1732, and Archbishop of Chernigov from 1735 March 29th to 1738 October 11th, when he moved to the Kiev Pechersk Lavra. (Lists of Bishops, compiled by Yuri Tolstoy, p. 8). According to the investigation, it turned out that he distributed antimensions printed, at his request, in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, on atlas 31, on taffeta 25, on canvas from a German factory 175, on canvas from a Russian factory 233, in total 462. And he received, assigning 5 rubles for each antimension on satin and taffeta, and on canvas 5 rubles 4 rubles, total 1905 rubles 60 kopecks. And the hieromonks who distributed antimensions took 14, 15, 20, 23, 25, 50 kopecks from each antimension. and 1 ruble each, we collected 175 rubles 50 kopecks. In 1743, His Eminence Anthony, who was already (since 1742 September 6) Metropolitan of Belogorod, sent His Eminence Ambrose, Bishop of Chernigov, who took his place, 500 rubles, in order to use this money to print new antimensions and change them, without taking money, in those churches in which, at the discretion of Eminence Ambrose, The antimensions distributed by Metropolitan Anthony for some reasons (?) must be changed with new ones! The table does not indicate for what number of antimensions the money was taken in a given year. Comparing the instructions in the table with the stated provisions for the payment to the treasury, we see that the table meant not just a duty payment to the treasury for printing, but, in addition, a payment for canvas or atlas. The table indicates such an amount that for a smaller number of antimensions it is large, according to the indication of the required duties, for a larger number it is small. In 1731, 1 ruble was received for antimensions printed from the middle board. 60 k. If this fee were for a 3-rp antiminsa, then it should be 1 rub. 50 kopecks. There are 10 kopecks left here. In 1733, 2 rubles were received for the antimensions of the middle board. 40 k. If this payment were for 5 antimins, then it would be 2 rubles. 50 kopecks, - 10 kopecks are missing here; if for 4 antimins, then there is still 40 kopecks left. You might be interested in: