Глава 17

Gen.17:3–5. “And the Lord spake unto him, saying, This is my covenant with thee: and thou shalt be the father of many nations; and you will no longer be called by the name Abram, but your name is Abraham, for I have made you the father of many nations.” It should be noted that wherever in Greek we read “covenant,” in Hebrew the word is “union” (or “treaty”), that is, berith (בְרִיתִ ֖). And the Jews say that God added the letter he to Abram and Sarah from His name, which is four-letter. Because initially his name was pronounced as Abram, which means “high father,” and after that he was called Abraham, which translates as “father of many.” The fact is that the next word “peoples” is not contained in the name itself, but is implied. You should not be surprised why I said that the Hebrew letter he was added, while the Greeks and we, it turns out, added the letter a. This is a feature of the Hebrew language: to write through he, but to read through a; and vice versa, the letter a is often pronounced through he. Gen. 17:15–16. “And God said to Abraham: Sarai thy wife, do not call her Sarai, but Sarai shall be her name.” Those who think that Sarah was first spelled with one “r” are mistaken, and then another “r” was added to her. And since “r” in Greek means the number 100, they invent all sorts of absurdities about her name. Because, no matter what changes they assume in it, in any case it must have an explanation based not on Greek, but on the Hebrew language, since the word itself is Hebrew. And no one, naming something in one language, takes the etymology of the word from another language. So, Sarai (שָׂרַ ֣י) was originally called through the letters sin, res, iod. Then the letter iod (i.e. "th") was replaced by the letter he, which is read as "a", and [Abraham's wife] became known as Sara (שָׂרָ ֖ה). And the reason for the name change is that before she was called “my boss,” being the head of only one family, and then she began to be called “boss” in the absolute sense, that is, ἄρχουσα. Because it follows: “I will give you a son by her, and I will bless him, and nations will come from him, and kings of nations will be from him.” The Hebrew text clearly states, “Thou shalt not call her by the name Sarai,” not as we read it in Greek. "God said to Abraham: Sarai, your wife will not be called by the name Sarai." That is, do not tell her: “You are my boss,” because from now on she is the future boss of all nations. Some make the incorrect assumption that first [Abraham's wife] was called "leprosy" and then "mistress", on the grounds that "leprosy" in Hebrew is sarath ( צָרָ ֑ עַת ), which in our language seems somewhat consonant. However, in Hebrew these are completely different words. Since “leprosy” is written with sade, res, ain and thau. Obviously, this is very different from the above three letters sin, res, and he, with which the name Sara is written. Gen.17:17. “And Abraham fell on his face and laughed, and said in his heart: Will a son be born to a hundred years old? And will Sarah, ninety years old, give birth? And a little further: “And you shall call his name Isaac.” There are two different opinions, but one etymology, why Isaac was named that way. The fact is that Isaac (יִצְחָ ֑ ק) is translated as “laughter”. Some say that it was called the name “laughter” because Sarah laughed, which is not true, while others say it was called because Abraham laughed, which I agree with. Because after Araam laughed and named his son Isaac, we read that Sarah also laughed. However, you should know that in the Old Testament four were unapologetically called by their names before birth: Ishmael, Isaac, Solomon and Josiah. Read the Scriptures.