62. 1441 г. Послание великого князя Василия Васильевича константинопольскому патриарху Митрофану, об отступлении от православия митрополита Исидора, с требованием согласия на поставление другого митрополита, по избранию и рукоположению русских епископов

From Historical Acts, vol. I, No. 39, where it was published “from a collection compiled from various notebooks of the second half of the 15th century (in 8 0, on 495 sheets), stored in the library of the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery under No. 30 (l. 1–12).” The same message, addressed to the Greek emperor, is found in the second Sophia chronicle (Pol. Collected Let. vol. VI. pp. 162–167). Variants of this edition are marked with the letter L. For the time of production and the further fate of the message, see below, page 529, note. 1. My Holiness, Lord and Father, and Ecumenical Patriarch, ruler of the souls of Orthodox Christianity! 2506 The son of the holy dominion 2507, the Grand Duke of Moscow and All Rus' Vasily 2508, worthy worship 2509 creates 2510 the holy dominion. 2511 We already know from divine scripture, as before, by God’s will and his many and ineffable bounties, true piety and hedgehog in our Lord Jesus Christ, glorified in the Trinity, true Orthodox Christian and immaculate faith, the right rose 2512 and age in the reigning most eminent city, in the fatherland of the holy king of Greece 2513 , from the pious and holy autocrat of the entire universe, the great King Constantine. Over many times and years, our ancestor, holy and equal to the Apostles, as it is worthy for us to speak about him, the Grand Duke Vladimir of Kiev and all Rus', still in desecration, began to send to all countries and distant cities and places, which is good faith and God-pleasing? He had a message about this and much research, to Rome and to many other places, to see the Latin faith and the Armenian and Jewish 2514, not only this, but also the godless Moameth he commanded to see faith and service. And having experienced and seen these, they are not the essence of good, less pleasing to God, but even more hated by God; The Latin slaughter and the Armenian heresy are in no way heeded 2515, but the Jewish customs and 2516 accursed 2517 and godless Moamef have spat on the evil heresy in every possible way, rejecting it. After the ambassador to the Royal City, see the Greek faith; They, the men he sent, saw the true Greek faith 2518 like a candle on a candlestick 2519, shining with much light, and told him; He then, having heard this sweetly and with attention, was wounded by many arrows by the wisdom of God, and rejoiced in spirit and rejoiced in heart and with all his conscience, and desired with incessant zeal, he proceeds to the bath of divine baptism and is cleansed of his former wickedness with water and the Spirit; crushes the idols of his fathers, and commands throughout his entire fatherland, in the multi-human Russian land, that everyone together will receive holy baptism, the small and the great, the poor and the rich, 2520, every rank and age, from the nobles to the simple, from the elders to the pissing, who would soon be by God’s grace: everyone was baptized with the name of Christ it was named, and piety greatly flourished, but the darkness of unbelief was completely driven away. He takes to himself the great new Constantine, and the river, the pious king of the Russian land Vladimir, to his fatherland, to the newly enlightened Orthodox Christianity, from the holy great catholic and apostolic church of the Reigning City of the Wisdom of God, and from the holy king reigning at that time, and from the holy patriarch ruling the Church of God and the divine hedgehog of the sacred council, on Russian land of the Metropolitan. According to him, we are strengthened and restrained by piety, his sons and his grandsons and his great-grandsons, according to the family, in the same way, from time to time, taking the most holy 2521 metropolitans to their fatherland, to the Russian land, from the Reigning City, once the Greek, sometimes from their land supplied by the most holy ecumenical patriarch of our Rusyn, and not from Rome, neither from the Pope nor from Latin. All this happened until the time of the reign of my ever-memorable lord and my father, Grand Duke Vasily Dmitreevich, and before the reign of our ever-memorable father, the Right Reverend Photius, Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Rus'. And by the grace of God, our land and our brothers who are around us, the great princes of the state, and local princes and leaders, as many as anyone has under them, are all living in piety and in the Orthodox Christian faith 2522 and in the holy and life-giving consubstantial and indivisible Trinity, believing in the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, from the tradition and commandment of that saint and our great ancestor, and until this present time, in which we now live by God’s grace, even as God pleases, and in the name of now four hundred and fifty years and three years 2523, we are instructed by God, possessing piety. After the repose of this former father of ours, the revered Metropolitan Photius, for the need of the filthy invasion of us 2524 and for the sake of internal warfare, and for the sake of Christian dispensation and spiritual benefit, we forced Jonah, Bishop of Ryazan, to come to you 2525, a man of spiritual life and in virtuous life from infancy lived many summers; We sent with him our ambassador, our most honorable boyar Vasily, with a petition to the holy king 2526 and the most holy patriarch and the divine sacred council, with our letters, and with a word we ordered you to appoint that bishop Jonah to the metropolis. We are not aware, for what matter our 2527 petition was not accepted, neither our letter, nor our ambassador, nor our words sent with him 2528 , they did not install that 2529 bishop Jonah for us as metropolis, and even if they were not in the least surprised, that for the sake of this this came to us like this, and in our deliberation, or for our delay 2530 messages, or having set your highest, thus creating. 2531 And 2532 about whom I neither sent a message nor asked for anyone, nor demanded anyone, I sent him 2533 to us, but the river, this Isidore. And God knows, even if we had not observed our original Orthodox Christianity and had not had the fear of God in our hearts, we would not at all want to accept him: but for the royal 2534 ambassador there was prayer and for the most holy patriarch a blessing, and for him there was contrition and much subjugation and petition, as soon as we received him. When you force us to conquer him, we petition and accept him, like a father and teacher, with much honor and good zeal, as before, like one of our most holy Russian metropolitans, imagining that this one is the only one from them, not knowing what he wants from him in advance to do something. And we hope that the royal ambassador told you everything. And 2535 as if this prophesied Isidore came to us, and from the first day they began to strive for the conciliar journey; and no matter how much he is rebuked, he will not go; If I don’t go, the imam will take an oath from the Holy Patriarch, instead of a blessing; Formerly, I am the intercessor of the council that is taking place, and the imam needs to go in every possible way, as I have given my handwriting on myself, and I will go.” And as if it were not possible to admonish him and forbid him from going on his way, and there were many words spoken to him about these things: “If you then go, and if you are to return to us, then bring to us our ancient piety and Orthodox faith, which we received from our ancestor, the great Vladimir, who is held by the great Catholic and Apostolic Greek Church of God; but do not bring other things, strange and new and alien from that cathedral church, to 2537 us; Even if you bring something new, it will be unpleasant for us.” He also promised 2538 with an oath that he would not bring him anything new and strange. Now you have come to us, bringing many strange and foreign things into our Orthodox Christianity, through the divine and sacred rules of the holy Apostles and God-bearing Fathers and through the divine statute, which was handed down by 2539 the holy Apostles and God-bearing Fathers to the holy team of the Apostolic Church of Greece and 2540 to all Orthodox Christianity, even after God. by grace, as before the scribe, and 2541 us the light of God's understanding, and baptism, to repentance, for the remission of sins, enlighten us, and the Christian name is on us. Bring to us also 2542 from the Pope of Rome the writings, in which Latinus 2543 established two principles about the Holy Spirit in his church to confess and unleavened bread wisely, as it truly is, writing, in unleavened and leavened bread the body of Christ is created. 2544 Also writing about the departed with a verb, this appears to us in bewilderment; This is what the pope writes in his message 2545: those who in true speech, faith, confession of God with humility 2546 have accepted the end, and have not had time to bear the fruits of repentance for their sins, about which the spiritual fathers commanded them, and such will be cleansed by the purification of torments after death, and so on. This 2547 Isidore himself, in his letters to him, where he sent, wrote, calling himself legatos from the rib of the apostolic seat, Lyatsky and Lithuanian and German, and imprinting his writing with green seals, and in front of himself he commanded to wear a crucifix in Latin sculpture, both legs with a single nail nailed down, we have adopted Latin customs throughout; also in two churches, ours, Orthodox and Latin, hedgehog in the Latovian land and in Lithuanian and German, received a blessing from the pope, in speech, calling himself a teacher and rector, evilly committing bigamy; also create a commemoration of my father’s name in our holy and great cathedral church in your service; Therefore, give in and enslave us under the excommunication, many for the sake of heresies, by the holy and God-bearing Fathers of the Roman Church and the Pope. It is good news of your most holy dominion, that for many years now there has been no intercourse and communion with the Roman Church and the Pope of Rome and all the rest of Latin under it with the four most holy patriarchs; above all seven, make him the father and teacher of all our Orthodox Christianity and all the churches, to shepherd and rule and take care of all the churches, and at all ends of the universe to have him first, untruly and unjustly calling him, in his scripture, the vicar of the blessed and supreme apostle Peter. Not only did you do this, but you brought many other strange and alien things from the Orthodox Christian faith into our Orthodoxy, which were not written down here. Having heard and seen this, we moved 2548 first, then placing our hope in the ineffable destinies of God and thanking his love for mankind, we convened the God-loving bishops of our fatherland, who at that time found themselves near us, Ephraim of Rostov, Abramius of Suzdal, Jonah of Ryazan, Kolomna Varlam, Job of Sarai, Gerasim of Perm, as well as archimandrites and abbots and other sacred monks and monks, our land is not small, and we command them to look at those divine and sacred rules of the holy Apostles and God-bearing Fathers, which were received from the holy great cathedral apostolic church of God in Greece, your true Orthodoxy, and that brought from him The Pope's message was ordered to be read in detail. And appearing to all our God-loving Russian bishops, and the most honest archimandrite and reverend abbots and other holy monks and monks, and to all of our Orthodox Christianity, how alien and strange from the divine and sacred rules of Isidore’s whole work and coming. And for this reason, we send an envoy to the holy king and to your most holy dominion, and to the entire divine and sacred council of our ambassadors; and with them, along with them, is Papa’s scripture, written in Latin and in your Greek script, which Isidore brought to us, under Papa’s seal. And we ask your most holy sovereignty, and with the holy king and with the whole divine and consecrated council, having looked at your holy and divine Greek rules and in it your father’s message, and having considered, and for the need of a long and impassable journey, and for the presence of the godless Hagarians on our Christianity, and for the disorder and rebellions hedgehogs in the countries surrounding us, and the rulers of the multiplication, freely create for us the installation of a metropolitan in our land; also for this need, as spiritual affairs are all for every Orthodox Christian, and our innermost, and the Lord’s necessary words and deeds need to be done with the Metropolitan, interpreted by younger people, from them it is difficult to hide something, and they will tell others first. And for this sake, for the sake of your dominion 2549, send to us your most honest writing, as if with the help of God and the grace of the Holy Spirit, and with the haste of the holy king 2550 and with the blessing of your holy dominion 2551 and the divine and sacred council, according to the holy rules, having gathered in our fatherland, in the Russian land, the God-loving bishops of our Fatherland, and by the grace of the Holy Spirit, who chose a good man, a spiritual man, a spiritual man of the Orthodox faith, may they ordain 2552 us a metropolitan in Rus': before this, out of need, a metropolitan was appointed in Rus'. And this is what we want, by God’s grace, according to the origins of our Orthodox Christianity, to have sending and interrogation 2553 and love with the holy king 2554, and we want to demand and desire your most holy blessing and prayer, as far as God wills it, and our land will stand as long as we can, and our Orthodox Christianity will not be separated from you for ever. We also ask 2555 about this holy dominion 2556, and with information about everything and with your most honest writing, release 2557 our ambassadors to us without reserve, so that having learned about the health and well-being of the holy king 2558 and your most holy dominion 2559, let us rejoice spiritually. 2560 Most powerful and most divinely crowned highest Greek king! L. brother of the holy kingdom L. both Armenian and Jewish are not in L. L. is in no way intelligible to Latin. There is no Jewish custom in L. Christian added to L. and living in the Orthodox faith as a Christian L. This determines the time of writing the message and the name of the patriarch (as indicated in the original) to whom it was addressed. The 453rd year from the baptism of Rus' (in 988) is 1441 A.D. The patriarch in Constantinople was then Mitrofan (Leken, Oriens Christianus, t. I, pag. 309). The news of this patriarch's commitment to the Florentine union prompted the Grand Duke to delay his message. Two years later it was rewritten again, perhaps in the name of the new patriarch (Gregory Mamma). This circumstance is indicated by a variant of the chronicle text, according to which 455 years passed from the baptism of Russia to the time of writing the message. for the need of finding the godless Agarian L. our father was added to L. to your holy kingdom L. there is again added to L. Papa L writes in his message to his mother. It seems that you need to read: let's marvel. holy dominion is not in L. with the haste of the holy kingdom of L. with the blessing of His Holiness Patriarch L. and your most holy dominion is not in L. always and now and ever and forever and ever, Amen is added to L. You might be interested in: