51. 1422 или 1425 г. сентября 24. Его же грамота в Псков с наставлениями о различных предметах церковной дисциплины

From the manuscript of the Rumyantsev Museum No. 204, l. 438–445; verified with the list found in the Synodal collection No. 562, l. 398–402. Until now it was known in print only from an excerpt (about widow priests) given in Stoglav (Kazan. Ed. pp. 347–349). The charter was written after 1417, since it was addressed, among other things, to the Cathedral of St. Nikola (Complete collection. Let. V, 22). The “deadly executions” mentioned in it were in 1422 and 1425 (See ibid., pp. 23–25): that is why these years are listed in the table of contents. And what about the fact that priests are judged by a company, and that wives cut their hair from their husbands secretly from the maidens? Blessing of Photius, Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Rus' in Pskov, to the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity and the Cathedral of St. Sophia and the Cathedral of St. Nicholas, to the abbots and priests, and to the entire priestly and monastic rank, and to the mayor Theodosius Fefilovich 2115 and to the old mayors, and to all of Pskov, the people of Christ named after the Lord, all living under the law of God. What is it that you, the Lord's priests and abbots and priests and deacons, wrote to me with your brother the priest priest Iev, and I have heard about this, how there is humiliation and vilification of the rank of the great priesthood of God, and how they judge you: where can you get what, or who will slander you, and they tell you 2116 to clothe yourself in all priestly clothing, and with such a company they judge you. And such are the outrages found neither in writing nor in hearing anywhere. But in that priestly rank they are not naturally sent to the king temporarily, but to the King who reigns and the Lord who lords. And there, where you are, and there and the upcoming angels, touching those sacred robes of yours. And settle into this priestly rank 2118. And you too; Posadniks and all of the Lord's people, who are named after Christ, take heed of this, and from here on, let there not be such diarrhea and disrespect the rank of God's great priesthood. Because it is inconvenient for me to understand where such outrage will be introduced into you: worldly and rota - by kissing the cross on estates, and the rank of God's great priesthood rota - by their sacred dignity. But a company is not given to Orthodox Christians, and it is not commanded to judge by a company, but according to Christ’s Gospel saying, judging: “before two or three witnesses, let every word stand.” And so everywhere the priesthood is judged, and without two or three witnesses, reliable priests are not condemned. And in you we do not know how that very word of the Gospel was quickly abandoned, and God’s priesthood was judged by the company. And with the same dignity, the priest of the vestments always stands before the King of the reigning and the Lord of lords, always holding the body of Christ and the honorable blood in that dignity, the angelic faces are set aside, and so with that dignity, the priest of the vestments is brought to the trifles and to diarrhea and to dishonor, and so by your court, by that company of your sacred dignity, the essence is condemned from you. And for this reason, I bless your Orthodoxy, henceforth there will be no such judgment against God’s great priesthood, but let there be a judgment of God’s truth with reliable witnesses. And what do you priests write to us: whose father’s spiritual son is forbidden from you, and goes to another, and the other accepts him: and about this, according to the rules, the priest accepts the prohibition of a spiritual son of a stranger, and not with the will and without the release of the father of the first, and if he accepts a stranger’s son, that priest himself will accept the prohibition, abstain from the priesthood, even though he will remain from such; and let the accepted son come to his first father. And why do you write that a priest becomes a widow and he marries? Otherwise, this is disorderly: for he was not the servant of the earthly king, but of the heavenly one. And whoever, for the sake of voluptuousness, having done such a thing, 2119 gets married, and betrays the half of his dead body to the earth, and will thereby offend God’s service. And it is just as absurd for a priest to marry a husband: since the former body was one with her husband, and that is like the sex of a dead body. And why do you write that your essence is as follows: having laid aside the robe of the angelic image, we put on our worldly things and live in the world, and such people are like scoffers of that great angelic image; and about such people I wrote a lot to you before and am now writing that even if they are in need, bring them to the monastery, and clothe them in monastic robes. And why do you write that for the sake of what business the wife hides her husband and goes to the monastery, and the abbess tonsures such abbess: otherwise those abbess are in prohibition and in abstinence from the priesthood. And the husband or wife, in illness or not in illness, who 2121 wants from them to the monastic rite, and the husband, therefore, gives his wife free reign and scissors, and the wife also gives her husband. Otherwise, it is not right to tonsure. And why do you write that monks also tonsure their wives from their husbands, but without abbots: otherwise those who tonsure should be shown to be imprisoned in monasteries, in a church or in a pit; and the one who was tonsured 2122 was wearing a black dress, and called herself a nun, and she was tonsured by the abbot. And why do you write that abbesses around the world keep men’s wives in repentance: otherwise there is no need for it, it’s absurd for an abbot to perform weddings, or to give prayers to wives during birth, or to keep a wife in repentance; and the spiritual elder and monastic hegumen, a virtuous man, was not excommunicated and kept his wife in repentance. And why do you write that which abbot tonsures whose husband or wife at the time of death, and as you write to me, that the abbots do not order the priest of Beltsy to conduct, sing, or remember those souls: otherwise, without the abbot it is not worthwhile to conduct and sing the priest of Beltsy, but with the abbot it is worthy to conduct and sing the priest of Beltsy. And it is always 2124 free to commemorate the dead, the soul and the abbot and the priest. But the need is shining, there will be no abbot, and the priest will lead the Beltsy and sing. Why do you write that a man who has sent away his first or second wife will have a third or fourth, and the priests bless them: otherwise those priests, according to the rules, are without the priesthood. 2126 And what do you write that you have many quintuplets and polygamists, and in Orthodox Christianity I have never heard anything like this anywhere, and God knows how much we lament about that, how so much lost, heterodox, in God's flock and 2127 chosen one there was such iniquity: for the sake of a body that is corruptible, dead, corrupted by worms, to souls destruction came to the only begotten. 2128 And about quadruples 2129 I have written to you before and now. And about the quintuplets and polygamists I write to you: in that future iniquity, like the damned Mohammed’s heresy 2130 future, excommunicate those from the Church of God, and be careful not to accept any offerings from them, neither giving them a dora nor the bread of the Mother of God. And if they remain from those iniquities and turn with weeping, repenting of their sins, and through penances, may you vouchsafe them to come to the churches of God, and then, and for many, through many penances, correct them 2131, and give them the bread of the Mother of God. And holy communion at the hour of death is given to such. And about those there is about that in God's destinies. Why do you write that the deacon understood Skimnik’s wife, who was stripped of her hair, and that he should separate them too; and if they are not separated, they will be bound by great penances. And what do you write that the priest, a widower, 2132 understood that because they were dead, they were already dead (because their bodies were dead and the earth was betrayed), and that former priest, as the perpetrator of God’s service, became; and that priest, having not preserved the purity of her single body with her first husband, is worthy of separating them. And why do you write that even marshmallows marry husbands, but they were formerly far away in God’s service and prepared their hands clean, and then they did not deign to philosophize spiritually: but to walk after the flesh, and such are worthy of those who walk in the Spirit to depart. And why do you write that the essence of yours is that of marshmallows, and 2134 they eat meat and bake prosphora; but even if they eat meat, spiritual and physical purity and constant repentance towards the spiritual father would be more necessary. And why do we write that some priests, without great need, leave the church and go to another: otherwise this is not given by the divine Fathers; but to which church the presbyter was quickly appointed and written 2136 from the bishop, and there he must eat and serve that throne of God to the death, and endure the need, unless the bishop brings anyone out, or the people of that city, according to the will of the bishop. And why do you write that some of you are priests who drink before dinner on holidays and on other days: another priest who drinks before dinner, let him be punished first and second and third 2137, for he will stop. And after seven, if he begins to be careless, otherwise he will abstain from the priesthood for 40 days. Yes, 2138 I hear that the deeds in you who are widowed priests and deacons, thus remain in the worldly and hold the priesthood: otherwise they became a worldly priest, until it pleased God in their temporary life to be with their companions, and then their priesthood was established; and when I take up their friends to God and, according to the above, the sex of their bodies is that of the dead, and the earth of their natural body is accepted for corruption by worms: and they must, thanks to God’s fate and his command, go to monasteries and in monastic robes from the abbot of the spiritual abbot, cut themselves off, and weep about their sins and about their end and about their answer, and renew themselves with everything with pure repentance to their spiritual father, and according to their dignity, if they are worthy, then let them serve as priests in monasteries, and not in secular ones. And behold, according to the Divine Fathers' tradition, in all of his most holy metropolis, he came from nowhere, and imposed such a prohibition and commandment on the widowed priests. But now, as a sin for our sake, for the sake of need and for the sake of God’s deadly executions that are coming upon us, I have allowed them to abstain for a short time. And I bless your great priesthood of God from worldly vanity 2139, with all spiritual renewal, according to its dignity, into the sacred monastic one, and you want to receive a robe in the likeness of an angelic robe, and so dare to present this undefiled and pure thing to yourself with your only-begotten immortal soul 2140 to your Master. But let there be no disobedience in you, even in the worldly priesthood. 2141 I bless you, the great priesthood of God, the worldly ones, for your search for everything, spiritual reasoning, which you seek out of our humility, and I pray that your deeds 2142 all 2143 will follow 2144 those words, giving a good image to everyone, and that the flock will rejoice in the shepherd of the wicked one and both will be filled with goodness. And O seven priests of the Lord, look diligently at the Strigolniks who exist in you, corrupted by the enemy of the devil, how to guide them into the understanding of God and into the knowledge of the truth of the Gospel by listening to both the apostolic and patristic traditions. 2145 And when they maintain themselves in the traditions of the Gospel and the Apostles and the Fathers, then 2146 they can call themselves God and Father. And if such are the devil’s occupation and evil deception to the end, call the strigolniki, they fall away from God, and watch out from such, in no way in food and drink will the faithful commune with them; But beware of such and the sanctified, so that you do not betray the holy as a dog, nor do you place pearls before swine: for 2147 Gehenna awaits such and the fire is not quenched. And for this sake, you, priests of the Lord and the God-wise people of Christ, strive in every way, from this 2148 liberation 2149 to those who are blessed, leading in every way from darkness to the insight of spiritual eyes and to the knowledge of God's understanding of the truth of the Gospel, and those who are grossly negligent about this - and the needs (only blood and death) will not be on such, but otherwise every 2150 and by imprisonment bring them into knowledge, so that they do not perish or go down to hell in their darkness. And God’s grace and mercy and my prayer and blessing are about everything with your true Lord’s priesthood and with all your Orthodoxy of Christ-named people living in the law of God. And the certificate was given in Moscow, the month of September at 24. Yes, and we also heard about this from priest Job, that the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity and the Cathedral of St. Sophia and the Cathedral of St. Nicholas, abbots and priests 2151, forbid you from playing games unlike the devil, from splashing: this inappropriate game is Hellenic in essence, and the essence is not betrayed by the Holy Fathers 2152, and is commanded to do nothing, but the essence is excommunicated. Moreover, I have heard that the people, having started the Great Holy Lent, which is God’s tenth of the whole summer, and ordinary people, fight and dress, create outrageous disgraces, which are disgusting and hateful to God. And for this reason I bless your great Orthodoxy, so that from now on there will be no disorder in you. And may God's mercy be with you all. Mentioned in the Pskov chronicles under 1410, 1417, 1424 (was in Moscow) and 1426 (II. S. L. IV, 204; V, 21. 22. 24. 25) and in the message of Photius dated September 23, 1426 (see below No. 56). Synod to you. sp.; written according to scraping. rank C - scraped. clothe C - according to the scraped. In both lists: which. So in C; in the original. This was how it was at first in C, but then it was ordered to be corrected. In the script they get caught; corrected according to S. Both lists are about quadrugamists. Both lists have been corrected. but from C; neither in the original. This chapter (about widow priests) is given in Stoglav (see note above the text). Instead, the taco is yours, in S correction. such. Further, mi is added to S. In the original, neither; in C and for. Those. from the unquenchable fire. In both lists of mastery. and the deacons are assigned to C on the field. You might be interested in: