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Var.1:1–14. Preface. Var.1:15–22. Repentant prayer of the captive Jews. Bar.1:1 The words of the book which Baruch the son of Neriah the son of Maaseiah the son of Zedekiah the son of Asadiah the son of Hilkiah wrote in Babylon, Var.1:1–14. First, Baruch reports that he read his book, immediately after finishing it, in Babylon, in the hearing of King Jeconiah and other captive Jews living in Babylon. The impression this book made was very strong. The Jews wept, fasted and prayed, and then sent the book, along with donations, to the high priest Joachim and other Jews in Jerusalem, and asked their prayers before God. They asked the very book of Baruch to be read to the people who remained in Jerusalem on holidays. Bar.1:2 in the fifth year, on the seventh day of the month, at the time when the Chaldeans took Jerusalem and burned it with fire. 2. “At that time” is more correct: “from the time when...”. Baruch determines the time of writing his book according to a new number of years - from the destruction of Jerusalem. It was the fifth year, the seventh day of the first month (Nisan). Bar.1:3 And Baruch read the words of this book in the hearing of Jeconiah the son of Jehoiakim, king of Judah, and in the hearing of all the people that came to hear the book, Bar.1:4 and in the hearing of the nobles and the king's sons, and in the hearing of the elders, and in the hearing of all the people, from small to great, all who dwelt in Babylon by the river Judgment. 4. "River of Judgment" is probably a modification of the Hebrew word "zad" - proud. This is probably the name of the great river Euphrates. Var.1:5 And they wept, and fasted, and prayed before the Lord, Bar.1:6 And they gathered up money, as much as was within each man's strength, Bar.1:7 And they sent to Jerusalem to Jehoiakim the son of Hilkiah, the son of Salom, the high priest, and to the priests, and to all the people that were with him in Jerusalem, 7. It is doubtful whether the high priest, priests, and quite a few Jews lived in Jerusalem at this time. After the murder of Gedaliah, as is known, the Jews moved to Egypt. Naturally, they had to take with them the high priest and priests... Bar.1:8 When Baruch received the vessels of the house of the Lord carried away from the church to return them to the land of Judah, on the tenth day of the month Sihual, the silver vessels that Zedekiah the son of Josiah, king of Judah, had made, 8. Sacred vessels, as is known, were issued only during the liberation of the Jews from captivity under Cyrus (1 Ezra 1). Therefore, it is doubtful that Baruch also returned any silver vessels to Jerusalem. – The month of Siual – more correctly: Sivan, corresponding to our May. Bar.1:9 after Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon carried away Jehoiachin and the princes and the prisoners and the nobles and the people of the land from Jerusalem and brought him to Babylon. Bar.1:10 And they said, Behold, we send you money, and with this silver buy a burnt offering and a sin offering and incense, and prepare an offering, and offer it up on the altar of the Lord our God, 10. “Prepare a gift” - in Greek. in the text instead of “gift” there is the word μάννα or μαναά. Obviously, LXX translators translated the book of Baruch from Hebrew and left the Hebrew word mincha - gift without translation, giving it the form μαναά. – The altar could hardly have existed at that time. If such a thing existed, then why would Ezra note as a new thing the construction of an altar in Jerusalem by the Jews who returned with Zerubbabel? (1Ezra 3:3). Bar.1:11 And pray for the life of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and for the life of Belteshazzar his son, that their days may be as the days of heaven on earth. 11. Why his son, Belshazzar, is mentioned along with Nebuchadnezzar is unclear. After Nebuchadnezzar, before Belshazzar, two more kings ruled Babylon - Evil-Merodach and Neriglissor. Bar.1:12 And the Lord will give us strength and enlighten our eyes, and we will live under the protection of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and under the protection of Belshazzar his son, and we will serve them many days, and we will find favor with them. 12. “He will enlighten our eyes” - that is, he will give us joy that will make our eyes bright and shining. Var.1:13 Pray also for us to the Lord our God, because we have sinned against the Lord our God, and the wrath of the Lord and His wrath have not turned away from us until this day; Bar.1:14 And read this book, which we send you, to publish in the house of the Lord on the feast day and on the days of honor; 14. "Days are deliberate". This expression is parallel to the previous one; the trace that stands before it is not a connecting particle, but an explanatory one. Bar.1:15 And say: With the Lord our God is righteousness, but with us there is shame on the face, as today on every Jew and on those who dwell in Jerusalem, Var.1:15–22. This is where the book of Baruch begins. The captives ask their fellow tribesmen who remained in Jerusalem to confess their sins before the Lord, mainly in their disobedience to Him. This prayer almost repeats the same thoughts that the prophet Daniel expresses in his prayer (Dan.9). 15. “Read... and say...”, i.e. read the book following this one. Bar.1:16 And with our kings, and with our princes, and with our priests, and with our prophets, and with our fathers, 16. The prophets also feel shame before God, since they cannot help but consider themselves members of the sinful Jewish people. Bar.1:17 Because we have sinned against the Lord, Bar.1:18 And we did not submit ourselves to Him, nor listen to the voice of the Lord our God, to walk in the commandments of the Lord, which He gave before us. Bar.1:19 From the day that the Lord brought our fathers up out of the land of Egypt, until this day, we have been disobedient before the Lord our God and have been heedless because we have not listened to His voice. 19. The captives consider the cause of their disaster not to be isolated violations of divine commands, but to the frequent and persistent disobedience of the people, starting from the exodus from Egypt until the beginning of captivity. Bar.1:20 Therefore disasters and an oath came upon us, like today, which the Lord decreed before His servant Moses on the day on which He brought our fathers out of the land of Egypt to give us a land flowing with milk and honey. Bar.1:21 And we did not listen to the voice of the Lord our God in all the words of the prophets whom he sent to us, Bar.1:22 And every one walked according to the thoughts of his evil heart, serving other gods, doing evil deeds in the sight of the Lord our God. From the contradictions in the book of Baruch indicated at the beginning of the chapter, we draw the following conclusion (in the introduction) that this book could hardly have been written by a collaborator of Jeremiah. Archim. Antoninus (in his work mentioned above) finds, however, possible to reconcile the testimony of the book of Baruch, contained in the first chapter, with the history of that time, as set out by the canonical Holy Scriptures. books. He refers, for example, to the evidence that in the fifth year after the destruction of Jerusalem there were still Jews there, to the arrival of 80 people from Shechem. (Jer.41:5). But this circumstance happened when the entire remnant of the Jews had not yet gone to Egypt (Jer. 43: 5–6). Then he immediately refers to the fact of the captivity of 745 people by Nebuchadnezzar in the fifth year after the destruction of Jerusalem. ( Jer. 52:29–30 ). But again, it is not clearly stated here that these people were resettled specifically from Jerusalem. Under the high priest Joachim Fr. For some reason Antonin means the second priest. Then, the clearly incorrect indication of verses 7–9 (Bar.1:7–9) about Baruch bringing with him silver vessels from captivity, Fr. Antoninus tries to explain the incorrectness of the Greek translation of this place and gives his translation to this place, but the translation is very unsuccessful. Finally, Baruch’s mention of some unknown son of Nebuchadnezzar Belshazzar, Fr. Antoninus tries to explain by the assumption that such a person could exist in reality... As can be seen from here, the doubts raised by the first chapter of the book of Baruch have not been eliminated by defenders of the authenticity of this book to this day.