Chronicle of Blessed Jerome

The essay “The Chronicle of Blessed Jerome - a continuation of the presentation of the chronicle of E. Pamphilus” was written by Bl. Jerome of Stridon in Constantinople in 379-380. or in 381-382. The treatise is a revised and expanded translation of the “Chronicle” of Eusebius of Caesarea (the Greek original, with the exception of small fragments, has been lost). The purpose of the essay is to include the events of the Holy Biblical history in world history, thereby showing the antiquity of true religion in comparison with pagan cults and heresies. The first part of the chronicle (from the birth of Abraham to the fall of Troy) was translated into Latin without changes. In the 2nd part (from the fall of Troy to the 20th year of the reign of Emperor St. Constantine) Bl. Jerome made his own additions, especially to the history of Rome. The 3rd part (from 326 to the death of Emperor Valens in 378) constitutes the blj.’s own work. Jerome, whose heroes, persecuted by the Arian emperors, after long trials, won the final victory over Arianism and restored the true faith. The treatise became widely known in the Middle Ages and became a model for chronographs starting in the 5th century. *The title of the work in Latin is Chronicon. 329. Constantine's son Crispus and Licinius the Younger, son of Constantine's sister Constantia and the aforementioned Licinius, were killed in the most cruel way in the ninth year of their reign. A celebration was held in Nicomedia in honor of the twentieth anniversary of the reign of Constantine, and the following year it was celebrated in Rome. Chronicle of Blessed Jerome Until now, Eusebius, a companion of Pamphilus the martyr, is writing history, to whom we have added the following. 329. The rhetorician Arnovius is famous in Africa. When he taught oratory to young men in the city of Sikka and, while still a pagan, was prompted by dreams to believe, but could not ask the bishop to join the faith against which he had always rebelled, he wrote the most beautiful books against the former religion and finally, having given this, as it were, some guarantee of piety, he received communion (with the church). 330 Constantine, having rebuilt the Bithynia city of Drepan in honor of the martyr Lucian who rested there, named this city Elenopolis after the name of his mother. 331. Construction of the so-called Golden Basilica began in Antioch. 332. Constantine killed his wife Favsta. Donatus, from whom the Donatists in Africa, gains fame. After Tiranpus, XX Bishop Vitaly was ordained in Antioch, and after him XXI Philgonius, who was succeeded by XXII Paulinus, after whom XXIII Eustathius, and when this one was exiled for his faith, the Arians, i.e., Eulalius, Eusebius, Euphronius, have taken possession of the church to this day. Plakill, Stefan, Leontius, Evdosius, Meletius, Euzoius, Dorotheus, Meletius again. I did not indicate the times of their reign because I consider them more enemies of Christ than bishops. 332.Presbyter Juvenco, a native Spaniard, expounds the Gospels in heroic verse. Porfiry, having sent Konstantin a wonderful book, is freed from exile. 333. The 19th bishop of the Alexandrian church, Athanasius, is ordained and, being persecuted by the Arians, retires to Constantius. 334. Constantinople is consecrated after almost all the cities are laid bare. The philosopher Metrodorus gains fame. 335. Bishop Mark XXXII of Rome, who reigned for 8 months, was ordained, after which Julius XXXIII, who reigned for 16 years and 4 months, was ordained. According to the edict of Constantine, pagan temples were destroyed. 336. The Romans defeated the Goths in the country of the Sarmatians. Constantius, the son of Constantine, is elevated to royal dignity. Countless numbers of people died from infection and hunger in Syria and Cilicia. 337. Sarmatians Limigantes 1, having formed an army, drove their masters, who are now called Arkaragantes, to Roman soil. Kalokir, who was plotting outrage in Cyprus, is defeated. 338. . . . Constantine and his children send a respectful message to Anthony the monk. On the occasion of the thirty-year anniversary of the reign of Constantine, Delmatius received the title of Caesar. In Rome the rhetorician Pater teaches with the greatest glory. The daughter of the rhetorician Nazarius, Eunomia, a Christian maiden, equals her father in eloquence. Tiberian, an educated man, praetorian prefect, rules Gaul. Eustathius, a presbyter of Constantinople, gained fame, through whose diligence the martyrium was built in Jerusalem. 340. Constantine, in the last part of his life, baptized by Eusebius Bishop of Nicomedia, deviates into the Arian teaching: hence the plunder of churches and discord throughout the world arose and continue to this day. Constantine, preparing for war with the Persians, dies in Ankiron, a state villa near Nicomedia in the 66th year of his life, and after him three of his sons from the Caesars receive the title of Augustus. XXV. Constantine, Constantius and Constance (reigned 24 years, 5 months and 12 days). 341. The praetorian prefect Ablavius ​​and many of the nobility were killed. King Sapor of Persia, having devastated Mesopotamia, besieged Nizivia for almost two months. Delmatius Caesar, whom his uncle Constantine left as a participant in the reign together with his sons, was killed by the sedition of his cousin Constantius and by a military conspiracy in the third year of his reign. Jacob, Bishop of Nizivia, gained fame, through whose prayers the city was often freed from danger. 342. From that time on, Arian impiety, supported by the assistance of King Constantius, persecuted first Athanasius, and then all the bishops not of his own party - with exile, imprisonment and various methods of suffering. 343. Constantine, fighting with his brother, was killed in Alsa near Aquileia. 344. Constance fights the Franks with varying degrees of success. Many cities in the East were destroyed by a terrible earthquake. Avdey, from whom the Avdean heresy is famous in Kelesyria. 345. The Franks are pacified by Constance, and peace is concluded with them. The master of militia Hermogenes in Constantinople was tortured by the people because of Bishop Paul, whom, by order of the emperor and the sedition of the Arians, he persecuted. The Golden Basilica is consecrated in Antioch. In place of Paul, the Arians supplied Bishop Macedonius, a pensmith, from whom the Macedonian heresy is now. Due to the cruelty of the prefect Philip (for he was the patron of the Macedonian party) and due to the machinations of the Arians, Paul is strangled. 346. Bishop Maximinus of Trier is famous, who was received with honor by Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria, when he was summoned by Constantius for punishment. 347. King Sapor of Persia persecutes Christians. Neokesarea in Pontus was destroyed, except for the church, the bishop and others who were in it. 349. Titian, an eloquent man, holds the position of praetorian prefect in Gaul. 350. Athanasius, following a letter from Constance, returns to Alexandria. The earthquake destroyed Dyrrhachium, Rome shook for three days and three nights, and many cities of Camnania suffered. 351. A port was built in Syrian Seleucia at great public expense. Sapor again besieged Nizivia for three months. Eusebius, Bishop of Emesa, the leader of the Arian party, writes many different works. Night battle with the Persians near Singara, where, due to the stupidity of the soldiers, we lost an undoubted victory. And of the nine most brutal battles with the Persians, not one was difficult for Constantius, for, not to mention other things, Nizivia was invested, and Bysabdis and Amida were taken. 352. Maximus, the fortieth bishop of Jerusalem after Macarius, dies. After him, the Arians invade the church (Jerusalem): first Cyril Eutyches, then Cyril Irenaeus, third Cyril Hilary and fourth Cyril. Of these (the first) Cyril Maxim was ordained a presbyter; and when, after the death of Maximus, Acacius the bishop of Caesarea and other Arian bishops promised him a bishopric if he rejected the ordination of Maximus, he served as a deacon in the church; rewarded for this wickedness with the bribe of sanctity, he, depressing Heraclius with various injustices, whom Maximus, dying, appointed to his place, demoted him from the bishopric to the presbytery. The XXXIV Bishop of the Roman Church, Liberius, is ordained. When he was exiled for his faith, all the clerics swore not to accept anyone else. But when Felix was put in place of Liberius by the Arians, many broke their oath and a year later they were expelled along with Felix, for Liberius, overcome by the burden of exile, signed a heretical false teaching and returned to Rome as if victorious. 353. When Maxentius seized power in Augustodunum 2, Constance, not far from Spain, in a camp called Helena, was killed in the thirtieth year of his life and the thirteenth of his reign. With these disorders in the state, Vetranion in Mursa 3 and Nepotianus in Rome became emperors. * Victorinus, an African by birth, teaches rhetoric in Rome. In Rome, the people who rebelled against the Magnentians are handed over as senator Heraclides. Nepotianus's head was carried on a spear throughout Rome and many exiles and executions were carried out. 354. At Vetranion in Naissa 4 Constantius removed the signs of royal dignity. Magnentius was defeated at Mursa, in which battle the Roman forces were weakened. Constance's cousin Gallus was made Caesar. Gall defeated the Jews, who, having killed the soldiers at night, seized weapons for indignation, and having destroyed many thousands of people, even of innocent age, their cities of Diocaesarea, Tiberias, Diospolis and many others were set on fire. Some of the nobles in Antioch were executed by Gall. In Syria, on the eastern side, the sign of the cross appeared to the people, to the great horror of the spectators. 356. Magnentius in Lyons, in the palace, killed himself with his own hand, and his brother Decentius, whom he sent as Caesar to guard Gaul, hanged himself in Senones 5. 357. Gennady, the judicial orator, is famous in Rome. 358. The rhetorician Minervius of Burdegala 6 teaches with the greatest glory. Caesar Gall, pursued by his cousin Constantius, to whom he seemed suspicious due to his high origin, is killed in Istria. Silouan, who was plotting rebellion in Hamia, was killed on the 29th day. In Rome the rhetorician Victor and the grammarian Donatus my teacher are famous; Of these, Victorinus was even awarded a statue in Trajanova Square. Paulinus and Rodanius, bishops of Gaul, were exiled for their faith. The rhetoricians Aleim and Delphidius teach with the greatest glory in Aquitaine. In Caesar Augustus 7 the glorious orator Peter teaches. Donatus, from whom, as we mentioned above, the Donatists received the name, is expelled from Carthage. Some call it followeria and montens because they had the first church in Rome on the mountain (in monte). 359. Eusebius of Vercelli, bishop, Lucifer and Dionysius of the Caralian and Mediolanian churches, as well as Pancratius the Roman presbyter and Hilary the deacon, are condemned by the Arians and Constantius to exile with a change of the indicated localities. Julian, brother of Gallus, receives the title of Caesar in Mediolan. The monk Antopius dies in the desert, at the age of 105, to many who came. to him, who used to talk a lot about a certain wondrous holiness, the man Paul of Thebes, whose death we described in a short book 9. Hilary, Bishop of Pictavia, who had been exiled to Phrygia three years before by the malice of Saturninus, Bishop of Arelates, and other Arians, compiles books about our faith. The relics of the Apostle Timothy were brought to Constantinople. Sarmata, Amata and Macarius, students of Anthony, are famous. Liberius, Bishop of Rome, is sent into exile. Large hordes of Allemans were defeated by Caesar Julian at the city of Gaul Argentorata 10. The Saracens, having attacked the monastery of St. Anthony, they kill Sarmat. 360. While Constantius entered Rome, the relics of the Apostle Andrew and the Evangelist Luke were received with amazing reverence by the inhabitants of Constantinople. 361. Nicomedia was completely destroyed by an earthquake, and neighboring cities were also partially damaged. 362. Bishop Peacock of Trier dies in exile in Phrygia. Evanthius, the most learned of the grammarians, died in Constantinople, and Chrestus is called from Africa to take his place. 363. There was a synod in Arimin and Seleucia of Isauria, at which the ancient faith of the fathers was condemned by the betrayal of first ten legates, and then all. An honorate from the praetorian prefect Gallius was the first to be made prefect of the city in Constantinople. Gratian, the current emperor, was born. Hilary, having presented Constantius with a book in his defense, returns to Gaul. Macedonius is expelled from Constantinople. Almost all the churches throughout the world, in the name of peace and the emperor, are desecrated by association with the Arians. The largest of the churches is consecrated in Constantinople. 364. Meletius, Bishop of Sebaste in Armenia, Acacius and George the Arian bishops moved to Antioch and after a little time, when he accepted into communion the presbyters deposed by his predecessor Eudoxius, he escaped the very just punishment of exile by immediately changing his faith. Gaul, through Hilary, condemns the machinations of Ariminian apostasy Constantius dies in Monsocrenae between Cilicia and Cappadocia, at the age of 45. XXXVI. Julian (reigned one year and seven months, or, as others say, 2 years and 8 months). 365. After Julian turned to the service of idols, a flattering persecution began, more enticing than forcing him to pagan sacrifice, a persecution into which many of ours fell of their own free will. After George, ordained by the Arians to replace Athanasius, was burned due to popular outrage, Athanasius returned to Alexandria. 366. Eusebius and Lucifer return from exile, from which Lucifer, having called two other confessors, presbyter Bishop Eustathius Paulinus, who was never defiled by communication with heretics, appoints bishop of the Orthodox party in Autochia. The sophist Progeresius of Athens, when a law was passed prohibiting Christians from being teachers of the liberal sciences, voluntarily left school, although Julian personally allowed him to teach while remaining a Christian. Emilian is burned in Dorostol by the Vicar for the destruction of pagan altars. The church in Antioch was locked, and the most severe storm of threatened persecution was calmed by the will of God. For Julian, having gone to the Persians, doomed, in case of victory, our blood to the gods; but there, the Apostate was led into deserted places by one feigned deserter, and when, having destroyed the army by hunger and thirst, he too carelessly moved away from his regiments, he was accidentally pierced in the stomach by an enemy horseman who met him with a spear, and died at the age of 32. After him, the next day, the primicerium of the domestics was installed as emperor - 367. Jovian, forced by the difficult state of affairs, gave Capy to the Persian king Nizivius and a significant part of Mesopotamia. In Antioch, Meletius and his supporters convened a synod, at which, rejecting consubstantiality and dissimilarity (homousio annomeoque), they accepted the Macedonian coexistence (homoiousion), which was the average between them. Jovian died in Dadastan at the age of 33 from dampness or fumes from coals, which he ordered to be lit in excessive quantities. After him, Valentinian, a tribune of the shield-bearers, was proclaimed Augustus in Nicaea, a native of Dibala in Pannonia, and he took his brother Valens to participate in the government of Constantinople. XXXVIII. Valentinian and Valens (reigned for 13 years and 5 months). 368. Valentinian was an excellent emperor in other respects and was similar in character to Aurelian; Only in his excessive severity and frugality did some see cruelty and greed. Apollinaris the Laodicean bishop composes various works on subjects of faith. 369. As a result of the widespread earthquake, the sea overflowed its banks, the cities of Sicily and many islands were destroyed, and countless people perished. Procopius, who seized power in Constantinople, was killed in Phrygia, and many of the Procopius party were executed and deprived of their property. Damasus is consecrated XXV Bishop of the Roman Church. And not much time later, Ursinus, who had been appointed bishop by some, attacked Sitsinin with his own people, and when the people of the Damasian party came running here, the most brutal murders of people of different sexes were committed. 370. Valens, having been baptized by Eudoxius the Arian Bishop, persecutes our (Orthodox) Christians. Gratian, son of Valentinian, was made emperor in Ambiana 11. 371. There was such a storm in Constantinople that several people were killed by hail of extraordinary size. In Atrebates, rain mixed with wool (or fluff - lana) fell. 372. Hilary Bishop of Pictavia dies. Nicaea, which had often been destroyed before, was destroyed to the ground by an earthquake. Lenanios the Antiochian rhetorician is famous. 373. Valens gave games in Constantinople. King Athanaric of the Goths, instigating a persecution against Christians, killed very many and drove them out of their settlements onto Roman soil. 374. Eusebius Bishop of Vercelli dies. The martyrium of the apostles is consecrated in Constantinople. Lucifer, Bishop of Caralia, dies, who, together with Gregory, Bishop of Spain and Philo of Libya, never joined the Arian wickedness. 375. The provisions master Maximinus, having received orders from the emperor to look for villains, executed quite a few of the Roman nobility. Valentine's indignation was suppressed in Britain before he seized power. In Sirmium, a presbyter was beheaded in the most criminal manner because he did not want to hand over Octavian, who was hiding from the proconsul. 376. Didymus of Alexandria, through scribes, publishes many works about our faith - Didymus, who lost his sight in the sixth year, did not even know the alphabet. Equidius, the committee of Illyricum, destroyed the provinces that were under his control with illegal extortion of taxes before they were devastated by the barbarians. 377. In Constantinople, the disciple of Aetius Eunomius, from whom the Eunomian heresy, gained fame. The Saxons were defeated near Uzon, in the country of the Franks. Nearly 80,000 Burgundians, in numbers never before seen, descended on the Rhine. In Constantinople, Clearchus, the prefect of the city, gains fame by bringing the necessary and long-awaited and desired water to the city. The XX Bishop of Alexandria Peter is ordained, who, after the death of Valens, was so lenient in accepting heretics that some suspected him of receiving money for it. The noblest of Roman women, Melania, the daughter of the former consul Marcellinus, leaving her only son Urban, who was then praetor, arrived in Jerusalem, where she was such a miracle of virtues and especially humility that she received the name Thecla. When, after Auxentius died in old age, Ambrose was installed as bishop in Milan, all of Italy turned to the right faith The clergy of Aquileia are renowned as the ranks of the blessed. Since the Sarmatians had devastated Pannonia the previous year, the same ones remained consuls. 379. Valentinian dies in Brigitsion from a sudden outpouring of blood, which in Greek is called apoplexy. After him, Gratian, having accepted his brother Valentinian as co-ruler, reigns with his uncle Valens. * Apollinaris of Laodicea, out of vanity, stubbornly defending certain errors with his mind, aroused the heresy of his name, which Damasus condemned at a council convened in Rome. Presbyter Eutropius, a man renowned for his eloquence, gained fame. Many of the Nitrian monks are killed by tribunes and soldiers. Valens, having passed a law requiring monks to enter military service, ordered those who did not want to be beaten to death with sticks. Theodosius, the father of Theodosius, who later became emperor, and many of the nobles were executed. Photinus dies in Galatia, from whom the Jewish teaching of Photinian: he destroyed many good qualities of life and mind with one flaw - pride. 380. Basil, Bishop of Caesarea, is famous in Cappadocia. Under the Gallic city of Argentaria, Gratian defeated almost 30,000 Allemans. The famous monks are famous: Florentin, Bonosus and Rufinus, of whom Florentin was so merciful to the poor that the people called him the father of the poor. The tribe of the Huns devastates the regions of the Goths, who, having been accepted by the Romans without laying down their arms, were forced to revolt by the greed of the Dux Maximus from hunger. Having defeated the Romans in battle, the Goths spread throughout Thrace. Valens, forced to leave Antioch, with late repentance calls our people from their places of exile. An unfortunate battle in Thrace, in which, due to the fact that the cavalry abandoned the battlefield, the Roman legions were surrounded and routed by the Goths. Emperor Valens himself, wounded by an arrow, fled, and when, due to excessive pain, often falling from his horse, he was carried to a hut in some village, the barbarians pursuing him set the house on fire and he did not even have a burial. From the founding of Rome to the last year of this work, all the years are 1131, namely: under the rule of the kings 240 years, the consuls 464 years, the Augustans and Caesars 427 years. All years until the consulate of Valens and Valentinian the Younger, secondly August, from the 15th year of Tiberius and the preaching of the Lord Jesus Christ 351 years. From the second year of Darius king of Persia, when the temple in Jerusalem was rebuilt, 899 years. From the first Olympiad, when Isaiah preached to the Jews, 1155 years. 1411 years from Solomon and the first construction of the church. From the capture of Troy, when the Jews had Sampson, 1561. From Moses and Kekrops, the first king of Attica, 1890 years. From Abraham and the reign of Ninus and Semiramis 2395 liters. The entire chronological table from Abraham to the above written time covers 2395 years. And from the flood to Abraham it is considered 942 years. From Adam to the flood 2242 years. All years from Adam to the 14th year of Valens, that is, until the sixth year of his consulate and Valentinian for the second time, are 5579. This was the name of the slaves who were given weapons by the Sarmatians during the war with the Scythians, and who, having defeated the Scythians, turned their weapons against their masters and drove them out of their former settlements. Amm. Marcellinus, lib. III, p. 12. 13. Augustodunum is now Autun in France. A city in Dardania, now Nis in Serbia. Senones are now Sens in France. Burdegala is a city in Gaul. Now Saragossa is in Spain. Karalia in Asia Minor, in Pamphylia. Of course, “The Life of Paul the Hermit.” See Creation. bl. Jerome in Russian lane In its place, after its destruction by the Huns, Strasbourg was founded.