20-го числа

Saint Leo the Wonderworker, Bishop of Catania Died around 725. He was famous for his teaching and miracles; destroyed the service to the idol of the goddess Artemis, which was still ongoing in that country, and put to shame the sorcerer Iliodor, who had seduced the people. † Venerable Cornelius of Pskov The Monk Cornelius, while still a young man, left the world and began asceticism in the Pechersky Monastery of the Pskov region; Here he was tonsured a monk and led a strict life of work and prayer. Under him (from 1519) they expanded the Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God into the mountain and built it with a chapel in honor of the Monks Anthony and Theodosius of Pechersk, and from 1524 the new church icon of the Assumption of the Mother of God began to exude healings and other miracles 307. In 1529, Blessed Cornelius was invested with the rank of abbot of the new Pechersk monastery. During his 40-year reign, he elevated the monastery in all respects. His life was an example of a strict monastic life and he tried to inspire the monks subordinate to him with zeal for the asceticism 308. At that time, it happened that others, making rich contributions to the monastery, allowed themselves to live in the monastery not according to monasticism, and considered their contribution as the right to live according to the desires of a corrupted heart. Blessed Cornelius lived by trusting in the Lord and did not think of making the well-being of the monastery dependent on contributions; he valued the high importance of the monastery as a school of piety, and therefore any monk, when he did not want to live like a monk, was subjected to corrective measures, and if he did not come to his senses, he was removed from the monastery, no matter who he was. One of these expelled investors came with a complaint to Metropolitan Macarius. The Metropolitan ordered him to be sent to the monastery under strict penance. Novgorod Archbishop Theodosius wrote to the blessed abbot: “Our holy lord and father Macarius, Metropolitan of all Russia, wrote to us about your Pechersk depositor, Elder Savvatiy, that he was in monastic services with worldly people and fell into great sins, and that he came to repent and cry before you about that fall, but you did not lead him to repentance... Give his good elder under supervision, so that he lives with the rule and goes to the beginning of each service, and stands in front of the church every day until the end of the rule, but do not allow him into the church. And you instruct and teach him according to the rules. You yourself know the scriptures well. It says: if a bishop, or abbot, or presbyter does not accept someone turning from sin to repentance, then he must be deposed” 309. Blessed Cornelius loved the salvation of the brethren and cared about him; under him, the number of monks of the monastery increased to 100 people, whereas before him there were few of them. He well understood the duty of gratitude to the benefactors of the monastery. A monument to this is the synodikum of the monastery he established to commemorate the deceased brethren and deceased benefactors 310. Tireless in his labors, with unceasing zeal for the good of the monastery, he built a stone church in honor of the Mother of God Hodegetria in Pskov, at the Pechersk courtyard; in his monastery, he moved the wooden church of 40 martyrs behind the monastery, for the monastery workers; and on its site he built (1548) a stone Church of the Annunciation 311. For the edification of others, he described the miracles of the Pechersk Icon of the Mother of God. “The witness of these miracles,” he says, is not me alone, but the whole of Pskov and Novgorod. The Mother of God gives healing not only to the Orthodox, but also to those of other faiths who come from the German land (from Livonia) with faith to the miraculous image” 312. Blessed Cornelius loved enlightenment for himself and for others; educated contemporaries, such as Prince Kurbsky, lived from time to time in his monastery for conversations with him; his disciple, Elder Vassian Muromtsev, was one of the most enlightened people of his time 313. Blessed Cornelius instilled piety not only in his monastery, but throughout the entire surrounding area; he built churches of God in Agirev and Topin 314. Since 1558, a new field of activity has opened up for the blessed. Cornelia. The Tsar decided to return to Orthodoxy what belonged to him in Livonia and to adequately punish the Germans who burned Orthodox churches and abused the shrine 315. In April, the governors approached Narva. On the passionate heel, “the noble and proud Germans, who had invented for themselves a new name of evangelicals, were drunk in the morning” and, despite the truce, began to shoot at the Russians. They have been given a lesson. They didn’t come to their senses. “Having found the icon of the Mother of God with the eternal Child in her arms in the house where the Russian merchants stood, they began to swear at the icon; then, taking it from the wall, they threw it into the fire where beer was brewing... The flame suddenly, faster than an arrow, rushed upward, and the top of the building burst into flames.” A terrible fire started in Narva. The Russians, taking advantage of the fire, took possession of the city. “This is the reward for the blasphemers of the Divine, those who equate the image of Christ depicted in the flesh and the image of His Mother with the fools of the pagan gods! This is the reward for the iconoclasts.” This is what a contemporary of the events, Prince Kurbsky, writes. It was impossible not to shudder at such punishment from God. The students of the new teachers needed to think about themselves, especially since the icon of the Mother of God and another of St. Nicholas, which the Lutherans also threw into the fire, were found intact in the fire. Blessed Cornelius and the Archimandrite of Yuryev, by order of the Metropolitan and the Tsar, consecrated Narva and Ivan-Gorod with a solemn religious procession with miraculous icons and then delivered these icons to Moscow 316. Following Narva, the castles of Neuhaus, Kirempe and then Dorpat 317 were taken. For the poor Estonians, who suffered both now and before from the war, blessed Cornelius generously distributed benefits of all kinds. He took it upon himself to build an Orthodox church in Neuhaus, while the government was building churches in Narva and other places. Charity is blessed. Cornelius, his gentle instructions, his unselfishness and pure life ensured that in the parish of Neuhaus all the Ests, and in the parishes of Rauge, Pelve and Geriel, many turned to St. Orthodoxy, as unselfish and sincere piety 318. Yes, it is not difficult to understand the teaching of the Apostle: “we must be doers of the word, and not merely hearers, deceiving ourselves” (James 1:22). What good is it if someone says that he has faith but does not have works (James 1:14)? Where they want to nourish and develop the mind alone, where they reject with contempt the methods of forming the will, living, all-soul piety is impossible, there they only deceive themselves. Where they say: everyone think about faith at their own discretion, expect everything ungodly, but by no means Christian piety. The events themselves spoke strongly in favor of Orthodoxy. In 1560 Blessed. Cornelius was an instrument of the wondrous work of God, to the joy of Orthodoxy and to the execution of his enemies. On the feast of the Dormition of the Mother of God, he sent prosphora and St. water to the commanders stationed near Fellin, and as soon as the one sent by him arrived there, a fire broke out in Fellin from the cannonballs, destroying both the shells and all the enemy’s grain. – The Germans were forced to surrender; Grateful governors sent the Fellinsky bell 319 to the monastery of Our Lady. In 1565, Blessed Cornelius surrounded the monastery with a stone fence, and above the gates of the monastery he built a church in honor of St. Nicholas, entrusting this wondrous defender of the pure faith with protecting the monastery of Orthodoxy. Given the position of the monastery on the border of the Livonian Germans, the sworn enemies of Orthodoxy, such strengthening was necessary not for one monastery, but for the whole of Russia. This was irrefutably proven by the events of 1581, when the monastery happily withstood the siege of the Batory troops and the formidable forces of the enemy, without benefit to it, were spent under the walls of the monastery 320. In 1570, Rev. Cornelius with all the Pskov clergy solemnly met the formidable king in Pskov 321. The Tsar appointed an Orthodox bishop for conquered Livonia, with the title of “Bishop of Yuryev and Velyansky” (Fellinsky), and Blessed Cornelius was consecrated as the first bishop. According to the chronicles, the new Bishop Yuryevsky arrived from Moscow to Novgorod on October 14, 1570; and in 1572 he appeared to the Tsar in Novgorod with icons 322. The synod of the Pechersk Monastery records the repose of “the holy bishop Corniliy of Yuryevsky and Velyansky.” – Prince Kurbsky writes: Cornelius, abbot of the Pechersk Monastery, a holy man, famous for his monastic life, was put to death by him (John). From his youth he lived in monastic labors and built a monastery through long labors and prayers before God” 323. The Pechersk manuscript says about St. Cornelius: “from this corruptible life he was sent by the earthly king to the Heavenly King.” - How was it? for what or for what reason? Unknown. Only the sick-hearted king himself recorded Cornelius among those killed, thereby showing his involvement in the painful death of Cornelius 324. The ascetic of piety died at the age of 69, on February 20. His holy body was laid in the wall of a natural cave of the Pechersky Monastery, and in 1690 it was transferred to the Assumption Church 325. In 1581, it was revealed to one pious elder how the Monk Cornelius accompanied the Heavenly Queen together with the Monk Anthony to the defense of Pskov, how he begged Her to forgive the sins of the people and save the guilty Pskov. “Standing on the right hand, says a modern story, abbot Cornelius, Savva and blessed Nicholas fell before Her with tears and prayed: they are criminals; pray to your Son and our God for the people who have sinned.” Then the noble princes begged Her to spare the city. And Pskov was saved from Batory, despite all the efforts of Batory 326. Holy Hieromartyr Zadok (Sadof or Ssiadgust, i.e. “royal friend”), bishop. Persian, and with him 128 martyrs In Persia, in the 4th century, under Sapor II, a cruel and prolonged persecution arose against the Christian faith. At this time, the Bishop of Seleucia and Ctesiphon suffered with his retinue 327. Zadok, successor of St. Archbishop Simeon (comm. April 17), was taken in chains to the city of Bet-Lapat (Viflapat), in the Guzit region, and after many torments was killed with a sword (in 342). About the painful death of his St. Zadok was warned in a dream vision: “That night I saw in a dream a staircase that reached to heaven,” said the bishop. Zadok to his clergy a year before the fulfillment of this dream, St. stood at the top of the stairs in great glory. Bishop Simeon said to me: “Come to me, Zadok, go and don’t be afraid!” I entered here yesterday, and you enter today!.. - After this vision, I believe that I will be taken to suffer for Christ... And what did St. Simeon: “I ascended yesterday, and you ascend today,” this means that he suffered last year, and I will suffer this year... Let us not be afraid, my brothers, when death comes, but let each of us become a good warrior of Christ!” And so it came true. At the same time as St. Zadok and soon after him in Seleucia, 128 people suffered for the faith of Christ, including 9 virgins who dedicated themselves to God. Having accepted all kinds of torture and going to death, they prayed and praised God. St. wrote about them. Marufa 328 in his “History of the Persian Martyrs,” the sufferings of which (precisely the later ones) he was an eyewitness, and about the first of them Marufa says that he copied, according to the narrative, elderly bishops and truth-loving, trustworthy presbyters, who themselves were eyewitnesses of the acts of the martyrs that took place in their time.” "Songs of St. Marufs in honor of the martyrs" are still sung by the Maronites, Jacobites and Nestorians. Collection years. 4, 293, 295. The Tale of Pskov. Pecher. mon. 4, 5. M. 1831. Dorpat, 1821, RKP. Menaia Jun. 10 Sergius Lavra Bib. No. 5. The Tale of Pecher. mon. 5, 6. Additional to the source act. 1 No. 35, letter dated February 24. 1543 Description Pskovo-Pecher. mon. pp. 9, 10, 51, 52. The Church of the 40 Martyrs, similar to a house of prayer, with a one-ekat roof, is still intact and serves as the parish church of the provincial town of Pechersk. Later, and precisely in 1565, at the entrance to the monastery, the Church of St. was built by St. Cornelius. Nicholas. Gr. Tolstoy shrine of Pskov, pp. 103, 115 and approx. 5. The Legend of the Pechersk Monastery 1531 in the RKP. Min June Serg. laurels No. 5. See Kurbsky's letter and Polubevsky's letter in Moskvityanin 1853, part 5, pp. 147, 148. There is also the work of Cornelius describing the monastery, p. 139. Letter to Vassian in Ustryalov in the ed. op. Kurbsky, pp. 290, 292. An essay by St. Cornelius with the following inscription: “The legend of where the nickname of the Pechersk Monastery in Pskov came from.” This work was supplemented by Gregory the Monk in 1585, abbot Meletius in 1587, Joachim in 1601. Land survey record for villages and monastery villages, given by the scribes of Yuryev-Livonsky, November. 29 1556, in the Rumyantsev Museum, p. 87. Here in the bypass charter of 1491 one can see the meaning of the order as a quitrent. Another document with a census of monastic lands according to the scribe book was given Sept. 8 1563, ibid p. 89. German: “At Moskovskaya Vel. The prince then had churches in Riga, Reval and Dorpat, where Russian merchants prayed on Sundays. - Lutheranism did not leave these churches alone; on the contrary, in fanaticism they are furiously attacked and destroyed to the ground.” Brendenb. f. Griefenthal chronicle in Monum. livon. Y, 114. 509–515. Fabricius, papist priest of Felline c. 1610, speaks of the fanatics of Lutheranism: “they also burned Moscow churches in Dorpat, Reval, Riga and many other places; they were robbed and exterminated." Livon. liist. in rev. livon. script. t. 2. p. 467. Rigae. 1847. Kurbsky ist. John pp. 54–57. Collection l. 4, 310. Nick. years. 7, 307. Step. book 2, 278. 279. The Tale of Pecher. mon. 5. 6. Collection l. 4, 310. Step. book 2, 280. 281. The Tale of Pecher. mon. Prince Buchau: “Moscow garrisons were left (in the fortresses), churches were built, as the king usually does in all conquered places, and grateful prayers were offered for the victories.” Script. rer. livon. 2, 704. Chronicle (collection l.4: 316): “On June 7, 1565, Lithuanian people came and fought in the new town (Neuhauzen) of the Prech district. Mother of God village of Virsta and Rozhin manor (Rauge) with the village of Kyuchi (Kosse), - Rastinsky village (Rappin).” The Poles, who undertook to defend the Germans, attacked first of all the places where the Russians settled with their faith. The Tale of Pecher. mon. l. 5. Collection l. IV, 318. 343. 344. Collection l. III, 164. 174. From 1570, Savva was the abbot of Pechersk, and from 1572 - Sylvester (Tolstoy's shrine of Pskov, p. 109. Collected l. III, 164). Jesuit Possevin: Vladicam, i. e. episcopum Dorpati imposuit. Comm. p. 17. Riga 1852. East. John, page 124. St. Petersburg. 1842. In Ustryalov's ed. Kurbsky p. 165. The Tale of Pechersk Monastery. p. 4. The year of his painful death is unknown. But 20 o'clock Feb. shown on the day of the death of Cornelius as in the RKP. Saints, so in the records of the Pechersk Monastery. The Tale of Pech. mon. page 8. 22. Elder Serapion's story about the arrival of Stefan Batory on Thursday. total ist. 1847 Seleucia and Ctesiphos are one and the same city, separated by the Tigris River, founded by Seleucus Nicator for 300 years. to P. X. Oh St. Marufe, Bishop Mesopotamian, see 16th Feb.