12-го числа

Saint Meletius, Archbishop of Antioch A native of Mytilene of Armenia, Meletius was elected to the See of Sebastia around 357, but in 361 the Antiochians invited him to join them after Meletius retired from Sebastia due to the restless spirit of the Sebastians. However, he did not live long in Antioch; after a sermon on the words: The Lord made Me the beginning of His ways for His works (Prov. 8:22), where he showed that this is not about creation, but about a new type of God’s economy, his Orthodoxy clearly became everything, and the Arians surrounding Emperor Constantius prompted him to expel Meletius and replace him with an Arian. The faithful of Meletius gathered in the so-called “old church”, and others, although they did not renounce Orthodoxy, formed a special society and were called “Eustathians”, like the disciples of Archbishop Eustathius, who died in exile; they also had their own bishop. After the death of Constantius, Meletius returned, but was expelled by Julian. Returned by Jovian in 363, he wrote the “Exposition of the Faith” and returned many Arians to Orthodoxy. Valens expelled him again in 372. Returned in 378 under Gratian, he went in 380 to the Second Ecumenical Council in Constantinople and was its chairman, but died in February 381, before the end of the council. His relics were transferred from Constantinople to Antioch. † St. Marina the Ascetic A pious man, Eugene 192, lived in Bithynia. Having buried his wife, he decided to leave the world. He had a little daughter and a significant estate. They entrusted both to the supervision of a faithful friend. Having settled in a monastery located 32 miles from the city of Alexandria, he performed obedience here with love, and the abbot loved him more than others, as a faithful and zealous servant of God. After some time, the father's love brought his daughter to mind, and he began to feel sad. The abbot, noticing his grief, asked him: what is he sad about? “I have a young child left in the house,” answered the father. “What? take him here with you,” said the abbot, who did not know and did not realize that this was a daughter and not a son. Evgeny came to the house. The girl, after the raptures of joy about meeting her father, announced that she did not want to remain in the world, but did not want to part with her father. “What should we do? father spoke; the girl will not be allowed to live in a monastery.” She replies that “she will cut her hair and put on the clothes of a novice and thus will work in the monastery.” The father and daughter distributed their property to the poor; the daughter was transformed into the humble novice Marin, and they were accepted into the monastery. The father taught his daughter to read the psalms. Marin was a zealous novice. When the daughter was 14 years old, the father, caring for her salvation, said: “Look, my daughter; living among monks is the same as living near a fire; Take care". The daughter made a firm vow before her father and the Lord to protect the purity of her soul and body. The father also made his daughter promise that she would not let anyone or herself know anything about her gender until the grave. Everyone in the monastery thought that the eunuch Marin lived with them. The daughter was 17 years old when her father died. Monk Marin’s obedience and love for work, especially in the church, were such that those in the monastery looked at Marin with respect. But then the blessed one encountered an unexpected and cruel temptation. There was a pair of oxen in the monastery; with her the monks went three miles to the sea pier to buy what was necessary for the monastery; in the pier itself there was a common hotel, where at times the monks of the monastery had to stay overnight. At one time the abbot says: “Brother Marin! why don’t you go along with the others and help at the pier?” - “If you command, Abba, I will fulfill this obedience.” And Marin began to set off with a cart and oxen and, if they were late, they stopped for the night at an inn. The hotel owner had a daughter. She fell in with some passing soldier and became ready to give birth. The parents demanded to know: with whom did she sin? The crafty sinner replied that the monk Marin raped her and she conceived from him. Parents and their daughter came to the monastery and told the abbot: “This is what Monk Marin did! He raped his daughter." “We’ll interrogate him,” answered the abbot. “Marin! he said, have you committed a sin with the girl?” Marin thought and sighed for a long time and finally said: “I have sinned, Abba, I repent of my sin; pray for me." The abbot became very angry and ordered the sinner monk to be beaten. “Since you have done such a dirty trick,” the abbot said, you will no longer live in the monastery.” And he kicked Marin out of the monastery. Without saying a word to anyone about her secret, since she had given her word to her father not to reveal her gender to anyone, the blessed one remained outside the monastery in the open air and asked everyone who entered the monastery to pray for the sinful soul. She spent three years like this, without moving away from the monastery. Meanwhile, the sinner gave birth to a son and nursed him. Her mother brought the child to Marin and said: “Please feed your child.” And, leaving the child, she left. The holy virgin took the child as if it were her own and fed him with a piece of bread that was given to Christ by those entering the monastery. So two years passed. Finally, the brethren of the monastery took pity on Marin and asked the abbot: “Abba! forgive brother Marin and accept him; For five years now he has been performing repentance at the gates of the monastery; accept him as our Lord Jesus Christ accepted the repentant.” The abbot ordered Marin to enter the monastery, called him to him and said: “Your father was a holy man, as you know, and brought you to the holy monastery when you were still a boy; he did not think that you would do what you did, and no one in the monastery expected it. Now you have entered the monastery with your son, the fruit of your sin, for repentance. I order you to clean all the latrines of the monastery, to wash the hair shirts of the brethren alone and to serve everyone 193; Only then will you earn my love.” The saint, having willingly accepted the assignment with her soul, did everything that was ordered to her. A few days later, blessed Marina rested in the Lord. The brethren announced to the Abba: “Brother Marin is dead.” The strict abbot said: “You see, brethren, what his sin is: he did not deserve to bring repentance. Go, wash and bury far from the monastery.” When they began to wash, they found out that it was his wife. Everyone began to say: “such patience, such a wonderful life! No one learned the secret, but everyone only crowded the saint! With tears they said to Abba: “Abba! go, look at brother Marin; come and see the wondrous works of God.” Abba, seeing the deceased, was horrified, fell and, hitting his head on the ground, shouted: “I adjure you by the Lord Jesus, do not accuse me before the face of God for the fact that I oppressed you so much; I was in the dark; you, lady, did not reveal your secret, and I did not know your holy life.” He ordered her holy body to be buried inside the monastery, in the church itself, on December 4th. Her memory is in the Greek Church on February 12th. The Copts have December 8th (4) “mother Marina”. Regarding the day of his death, one must prefer the testimony of the Copts as local, especially since the 12th day of February was probably the day of transfer of the relics to Constantinople. On the same day, that sinner, tormented by an evil spirit, came to the monastery, confessed her sin and said from whom she conceived. On the seventh day, she got rid of the demon in the church. Having heard about the wondrous deeds, those who were in the marina and neighboring monasteries, taking crosses and candles, glorifying the Lord with sacred songs and psalms, came to the monastery, and in the church where the body of the blessed one rested, they praised God. Here, through the prayers of the holy virgin, Christ performed many miracles to her glory. This was at the beginning of the 6th century 194. The life of a wondrous ascetic, first of all, gives us a lesson so that we do not judge others. Someone else's soul is open only to the Lord; and we easily make mistakes, even when referring to the signs of the sin of someone else’s soul. The daughter labored in the simplicity of her soul, in the clothes of a monk, first out of childish love for her father, then out of ardent love for the Lord. The Lord helped her to endure the terrible test she had unexpectedly, because of her strong love for God. But what strong love could endure, weak souls should not take upon themselves, lest they fall into a cruel fall. Our job is to follow St. Marina in her patience, endure the sorrows that the Lord sends us. Saint Marina was put into a bitter test by the promise given to her father, and did not volunteer for the test. And we should not be called to temptation. It’s another matter if, as a result of a given vow, one has to endure grief and shame and hunger: do not break the vow, no matter what the cost, may there be glory to the Lord. † St. Alexis, Metropolitan of All Russia and Wonderworker Parents of St. Alexia, baptized Eleutherius, were boyars of the Chernigov principality 195. Theodore Byakont, his father moved to Moscow because the Chernigov region, devastated by Batu, did not cease to suffer attacks from predatory disobedients. Under the protection of the meek and pious Prince Daniil Alexandrovich, he found a peaceful life and was blessed with long-lasting offspring for his piety. His grandson, Daniil Feofanovich, was distinguished by both his great merits and his sincere piety. Its branches - Pleshcheev, Ignatiev, Zherebtsov - are still green in our time 196. His eldest son, Eleutherius, born in 1300 197, was received from the font by the son of Prince Daniel, the youth John. At one time, Eleutherius was sent to learn to read and write. At the age of 12, his high appointment was already revealed to him. Once he spread his nets over the birds and, after guarding them for a long time, dozed off from fatigue. Suddenly he hears a voice: “Alexy! Why is this your work? you must be a fisher of men.” The youth, awakened by this, was amazed at the extraordinary voice and name of Alexy. This vision sank deeply into his soul; he became silent, abandoned games and began to think a lot about life and its purpose. His parents were amazed at the change in his life and asked the servants about the reason for the change, but they could only say that Eleutherius often went to secluded places. They asked the boy himself why he avoids people and deals only with books? Why does he exhaust himself with fasting? “Do not be sad about me, good parents,” the youth answered: “I do not do bad things, but I want to succeed in good things; May the will of the Lord be done to me.” At the age of 15, Eleutherius had already decided to devote himself to the monastic life. In the 20th year (in 1320) he entered the Moscow Epiphany Monastery and at the same time was tonsured with the name Alexy, with the same name that he heard in a dream vision, 7 years before. Although the Epiphany Monastery was on a noisy shopping street, Alexy found peace here, indulging in exploits. He spent time either in church or in cell prayers; read books and diligently studied the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments; by night vigil he dried up the flesh and cleansed the heart. “By vigil,” says Rev. Climacus, carnal inflammations are extinguished, vile dreams are exterminated, eyes are filled with tears, the heart is softened, purity of thoughts is protected, food is cooked in the stomach as in an oven, obscene images are driven away. A cheerful monk is a hunter of his thoughts; during the silence of the night, he easily notices them and catches them” 198. This is how Blessed Alexy taught himself salvation. His mentor and leader was Elder Gerontius, experienced in spiritual life. Stefan, brother of Rev. Sergius, who entered the Epiphany monastery, was his spiritual brother from 1337: they sang together in the choir and spiritually loved each other. Metropolitan Theognostus loved Stefan, Gerontius and Alexy and from time to time called them to him for spiritual conversations. The saint appointed the first abbot of the monastery. Kalita's son and successor, Grand Duke Simeon, who was 17 years younger than Alexy, also distinguished Stefan and Alexy with his attention. Stefan was the confessor of the Grand Duke and many nobles. When Alexy's parents died, he buried them near him, in the Epiphany monastery, to pray for their peace 199. More than 20 years have passed since Alexy began his monastic exploits, and Metropolitan Theognostus ordered Alexy to live in his holy courtyard and manage the judicial affairs of the Church. With such an attitude towards the Greek saint, the needs and means of learning the Greek language, spoken and written, were revealed to Blessed Alexy. While engaged in judicial affairs, he briefly learned about people and their weaknesses, as well as acquired extensive and accurate information about church laws. He served as a judge for twelve years. with the title of metropolitan vicar. At the end of 1352 (December 6), Blessed Theognost consecrated Blessed Alexy as Bishop of Vladimir. The Metropolitan and the Grand Duke decided, at a general meeting, for Blessed Alexy to be the successor of Theognostus at the metropolitan see. About this election, a letter was written to Constantinople at the same time, with a request “not to appoint anyone else as Metropolitan of Russia, like the Monk Alexy, who was the governor for many years and lived a very virtuous life” 200. On the 11th day of March, blessed Theognostus died. The Bishop of Vladimir, together with two others, performed a funeral service over the saint - his benefactor. But the 40-day commemoration of the deceased metropolitan had barely ended when “Vladyka Alexy of Vladimir” testified to the spiritual testament of the dying Grand Duke, who told his brothers: “Don’t listen to bad people; and if anyone starts to quarrel with you, listen to our father, Vladyka Alexy.” After Grand Duke Simeon, several more princes died from pestilence in a short time, and Blessed Alexy had to bury many 201. The destinies of God destined Theognostus, who was chosen as a successor, to struggle with various troubles at the beginning of his new title. During the lifetime of Theognost, the Bulgarian (Ohrid) Patriarch ordained Theodoret as Metropolitan of Russia. The act of the Bulgarian Patriarch, who had no rights to Russia, was obviously unfair; but there is no doubt that the patriarch decided on it at the request of the southern princes of Russia. The Council of Constantinople, recognizing the act of the Bulgarian Patriarch as unreasonable, rejected the Metropolitan, who had been illegally installed. According to another definition of the council, Alexy, Bishop of Vladimir, was consecrated as Metropolitan of Russia. This was in 1354, under Patr. Calliste 202. But the Council of Constantinople, having rejected the metropolitan consecrated by the Bulgarian Patriarch, yielded to the insistent demand of the southwestern princes, and Roman was appointed metropolitan for the west of Russia. This caused alarm in Russia, especially because Roman, not content with Galicia and Volyn, demanded income from the Bishop of Tver. But even in Kyiv they did not accept Roman, and the Bishop of Tver, despite the wishes of his prince, did not want to have relations with Roman 203. Blessed Alexei knew that although under Met. Feognoste, the southern princes asked for a special metropolitan, but it did not last long, and not in the form that Roman wanted. To put an end to the unrest and anxiety, the humble saint, as soon as he returned from Constantinople, set off again (1356) to Constantinople. Roman also appeared there. Patr. Kallistos confirmed to Roman that he would be the Metropolitan of Lithuania and Volyn, and granted Alexy to be considered the Archbishop of Kyiv and Great Russia, with the title of “all-honorable, metropolitan and exarch” 204. On his way back to Russia, the blessed saint met a new disaster. A terrible storm arose at sea: the waves rolled like mountains, and the ship was every minute ready to disappear into the abyss. All those who were with the Metropolitan despaired of salvation. The saint prayed, prayed earnestly; he made a vow to build a church in the name of the saint who would be celebrated on the day the swimmers landed on the shore. The Lord heard the saint’s prayer. There was silence, and the ship landed on August 16th. So the saint remained a vow debtor to the All-Merciful Savior. In Moscow the expected saint was received with raptures of joy. And he turned with zeal to matters of rank. Several dioceses were left without archpastors due to the pestilence. He consecrated bishops in Rostov, Smolensk and Ryazan 205. At the same time, he deposed Bishop Athanasius of Sarai for disposing of a foreign diocese and dedicated John to Sarai 206 . On this matter, he also offered personal admonitions on his way to Constantinople. Now he recognized the need to send a letter to the Don. “Believe,” he wrote, in the holy, consubstantial Trinity, into which you were baptized; keep love and peace among yourself, observe truth, purity, mercy, confess your sins. The Lord God Jesus Christ said to His disciples and Apostles: go into the whole world, preach the Gospel. And he also said: He who listens to you listens to Me. I, a sinner, received the same grace of the Most Holy Spirit from the great patriarch and the council, assigned to St. Sofia to Kyiv to the metropolitanate of all Russia; For all Christians in Russia, I am a shepherd and a teacher, and I have a heavy duty to teach everyone about spiritual salvation. – You, as time shows, do not listen to the words of my teaching, you fulfill the will of the flesh and dark deeds. Or do you not understand that the rulers of all Russia are under my authority and I appoint them by the grace of the Holy Spirit? Thus power was given to your ruler. A true Christian is recognized by his works: faith without works is dead, says the Apostle; so are works without faith. Therefore, children, do the works of light... Take care of yourself, remember the death and judgment of the great terrible Judge, the peace of the righteous and the eternal torment of the sinners. If you remember this, you will never sin or disobey us, whom the Holy Spirit has appointed as shepherds and teachers of all Christians. – Go to church and bring what you can; love the priests and monks, asking for their prayers... About the region along the great Raven, near Khopr to the Don - a definition was made by the cathedral... Nowadays, Bishop Athanasius of Sarai is punished for his guilt by the metropolitan's writings. From now on, the government in that district is Ryazan. And now I have sent Vladyka Vasily of Ryazan to you with my letter; remember him and give him church fees according to custom” 207. In 1357, the saint’s miraculous feats were accomplished in the horde. The rumor about his great virtues reached the Tatar uluses. There, the wife of Khan Janibek Taidul had been lying sick and blind for three years. She already knew about Alexy because during his second trip to Constantinople she gave him a safe conduct 208. Now an embassy from Janibek arrived in Moscow, with a letter to the Grand Duke. “We heard,” the khan wrote, that you have a servant of God who, if he asks God for anything, God listens to him. Release him to us - and if my queen heals through his prayers, you will have peace with me; If you don’t let him go, I will go and devastate your land.” The humble saint was embarrassed when the Grand Duke gave him the khan’s letter and asked him to carry out the will of Janibek. Love for the Fatherland and St. The Church was not allowed to refuse to carry out the will of the formidable Khan; but how can a humble person take on such a great task? “The petition and the deed exceed the measure of my strength,” the saint said to the prince; But I believe in the One who gave the blind his sight; He will not despise the prayers of faith.” The saint began to prepare for the journey. In the cathedral church, with the entire clergy, he performed a prayer service before the icon of the Mother of God and then before the shrine of St. Peter. During the prayer itself, suddenly, before the eyes of everyone, the candle at the tomb of the wonderworker Peter lit itself. Consoled, Alexy divided the wonderful candle into parts, distributed it as a blessing to those present, and, having made a small candle from the remainder, took it along with the blessed water to perform a new prayer service in the horde. He left Moscow on August 18th. With firm faith he went into the horde; and Taidula's faith was strengthened by the vision. When blessed Alexy was on the way, Taidula saw in a dream a husband dressed in holy clothes who came to her, and with him others dressed in vestments. She ordered the clothes to be arranged in the form she saw. The expected one was received with honor in the horde. “The saint served a prayer service over the sick woman with a wonderful candle, sprinkled her with holy water, and Taidula began to see. The grateful khan gave the saint a ring as a sign of honor, which can still be seen in the patriarchal sacristy 209. The saint, having performed a miracle of faith among the people of darkness, was forced to hastily leave the horde: unrest began there. Janibek died. Berdibek, on the advice of the nobleman Tavlubey, massacred 12 of his brothers and sat on the khan’s throne. The ambassador of the new khan came to Moscow and demanded gifts from the Russian princes and invited them to the horde. “They begged the saint to go back into the horde to soften Berdibek’s cruelty. The danger was obvious. But the good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep, the saint said to himself, and set off along the Volga to the Golden Horde. The saint had to experience much oppression and sorrow in the horde. But with God's help he was able to gain Berdibek's favor 210. There he even entered into a dispute with Murza Munzi about the meaning of Mohammed, and freely denounced Mohammedanism 211. The perfect miracle over Taidula itself showed in the Christian saint the favorite of God, and the grateful Taidula could not forget her healer. Saint Alexy received from Berdibek a label to protect the Russian clergy. This is what Berdibek wrote in the label: “by the power of the Most High God, the word of Berdibek, following the example of his grandfathers and great-grandfathers, was given to the Tatar, ulus and military princes, etc. Chingiz the king and the former kings, our ancestors, bestowed church people, prayer books who pray to God, and the entire priestly rank. Remembering this, we write: whatever the tribute or duty, let our prayer books not see or hear about it, so that in peace they pray to God and make prayers. In this form, labels were given by the first and subsequent kings. And we, without changing the first labels, granted the same to Metropolitan Alexy. When he sits on his table and begins to pray for us and for our tribe, then whatever the tribute or duty may be, let him not know or hear about it. Let them not dare to demand from our prayer-books neither carts, nor food, nor drink, nor gifts, nor honors; whatever church lands, waters, houses, vegetable gardens, orchards, mills they have, let them not take or take away anything from them; if anyone took it, let him give it back without trial. There will be no standing or anxiety in church houses; if anyone stops in them or begins to commit outrages, it will be bad for him and he will die an evil death. You, Metropolitan Alexy, and your entire priestly rank, announce this. If you do something untrue to church people and church lands, it will fall on you. If someone commits a bad deed through robbery, theft, or lying, and you do not look after it, then you yourself know what God will do to you for it. Pray to God for us. Having said this, we gave a label with a scarlet tamga for your preservation, in the year of the chicken, on the 10th day of the tenth month, in 758 (1357)” 212. The intercessor for the Russian land returning from the horde was greeted with triumph. The princes of Suzdal met him in Nizhny. In Moscow, Grand Duke John with young Demetrius, all the consecrated clergy and people went out to meet the archpastor outside the city. “Lord! How will we pay you for your labors? “You give us a peaceful life,” this is what the young heir to the Moscow throne said to the saint 213. In January 1358, Alexy went to Kyiv and returned to Moscow in June 1360. In devastated Kyiv it was necessary to live for a long time in order to restore something. The discord of the Tver princes burdened the Tver shepherd Theodore to such an extent that he, not seeing any benefit from the advice of his love, decided to abandon the department; the saint tried to persuade him to be patient, but in 1360 he dedicated Vasily in his place 214. When Grand Duke John died (1359), the guardianship of the minor Prince Demetrius fell on the saint's shoulders. The power of the Grand Duke was begged for himself in the horde by the Suzdal prince Dimitri Konstantinovich. The saint was supposed to bless the Suzdal prince for his great reign in the Vladimir Cathedral. Dimitri Konstantinovich begged him to live with him in Vladimir; but Alexy, both out of love for young Demetrius and out of attention to the will of God, spoken by the lips of St. Peter, did not want to part with Moscow. Meanwhile, there was unrest in the horde; every year several khans appeared and exterminated one another; in 1362 two rival khans appeared. Young Dimitri begged Murid for the title of Grand Duke of Russia and forced Dimitri Konstantinovich to leave Vladimir 215. The saint joyfully blessed his pet for his great reign with the miraculous Vladimir icon of the Mother of God. “He was the soul of Prince Dimitri’s advice and affairs. “We kissed the cross of our father Alexy, Metropolitan of All Rus',” says Grand Duke Dimitri and his brother Vladimir Andreevich, Prince of Serpukhov, in their agreement. And this agreement provided the Grand Duke with a faithful and brave assistant for all the subsequent adversities of life 216. Through the works of the saint, the power of the Grand Duke of Moscow grew and strengthened. Dimitri Konstantinovich, having renounced the rights of the Grand Duke, wanted to receive a part of the hereditary principality of Suzdal, which his younger brother Boris, Prince of Nizhny Novgorod, did not want to give up to him. The Metropolitan sent St. Sergius to Nizhny Novgorod to convince Boris to come to Moscow for council. The prince replied that he knew only the will of the khan. And Sergius, in accordance with the will of the saint, closed all the churches in Nizhny, and the Grand Duke moved his troops; The Suzdal princes were forced to peacefully divide among themselves 217. Meanwhile, the saint was busy building monastic monasteries. In 1361, he founded a women's monastery in the name of his angel Alexy, where the first abbess was the pious elder Juliana 218. In the same year, he founded a votive monastery on the banks of the Yauza River in the name of the miraculous image of the Savior. “I want to ask for one good deed from your spiritual love for me,” he said to the venerable hermit Sergius. “Nothing is forbidden in my monastery to your holiness,” answered the humble desert dweller. “I want,” said the saint, for you to give me one of your disciples. Long ago I decided to build a monastery in the name of the miraculous icon of the Savior,” and told what happened to him at sea. The Monk Sergius lovingly gave his beloved disciple Andronik as abbot of the new monastery 219. In 1362, the bishop founded the monastery, 3 versts from Serpukhov; here was the first abbot of his disciple Varlaam, hitherto revered for his pious life 220. After the saint managed (1365) to reconcile the quarreling Nizhny Novgorod princes, brothers Boris and Dimitri, he fulfilled his previous intention to restore two ancient monasteries, Annunciation in Nizhny Novgorod and Konstantino-Elensky in Vladimir. In both of them he introduced a hostel and acquired land for maintenance; in the first one a stone church was built 221. In 1365, a monastery was founded in the Kremlin itself in honor of the miracle of the Archangel Michael, on the site donated by Queen Taidula. It was a grateful monument to the miracle that happened over the queen on the day of the celebration of the miracle in Colossae (September 6th). The saint with all his generosity built and decorated the church of the Archangel Michael; provided the maintenance of the monastery, where he intended to be a full hostel 222. “In the Miracle Monastery, wrote the Monk Joseph of Volokolamsk, blessed Metropolitan Alexy planted honest elders, asking some from St. Sergius, and taking others from other monasteries that were under his hand; these monks lived a monastic life, a spiritual life, so that many came to them, old and young, and received benefit” 223. The most reliable mentor here was the saint himself. He loved this monastery and labored here, from time to time, in fasting and prayer. Here, as Patriarch Paisius wrote, “our father, Metropolitan Alexy, great among saints, worked in a godly manner during his life” 224 . The spiritual testament of the saint about the Miracle Monastery shows how much his living love for it, as well as other, even more wondrous, dispositions of his holy soul. “Behold, I am a humble, sinful servant of God, Alexy,” he wrote in the letter. Who writes this? The great high priest of the Church, and he calls himself only the humble Alexy, without calling himself metropolitan. The great saint of God calls himself a sinful servant of God. What should others think about themselves?.. “I am writing,” says the humble man, a spiritual letter with my whole mind. I give to the great holy Archangel Michael and his honest miracle the villages of Zhilinskoye, Cherkizovskoye... Ramennoe, which I bought from Ilya from Ozakov... And all those villages (12 in total) I give with silver and with ladles and with thirds and with livestock. And that my servants in the village have silver on them.” This is the condition on which the servants of the monastery will live. If any of them does not want to live on the monastery land, pay the money taken from the saint and go wherever you want; freedom is not taken away from anyone. “And whoever gives growth, so will he.” What saintly goodness! Civil justice may require that the debtor pay interest on top of the debt. The saint leaves it to the good will of the debtor to pay interest to the monastery. “I order the Monastery of Michael the Miracle to you, my son, Grand Duke Dimitri Ivanovich,” the saint finally says 225. The pestilence of Simeon's time also appeared under the Grand Duke Dimitri: in Smolensk it raged three times and only 5 people remained there. She was in Moscow once (1366). Because of this, in the year before her, Moscow was terribly devastated by fire. The saint gave advice to the Grand Duke to build a stone Kremlin, safe from fires and reliable for protection against enemy neighbors 226. While the saint cared with fatherly love for the needs of the children of the Russian Church, he patronized, as much as he could, the Orthodox of the East. During his time, Metropolitan German and Archimandrite Niphon, later the Patriarch of Jerusalem, came from Jerusalem to Moscow, and Archbishop Ziark came from Mount Sinai. According to their information, the misfortunes of Eastern Christians were then severe. The Egyptian Sultan, irritated by the attack of the Kivri Knights, devastated Jerusalem, Antioch and Mount Sinai, plundered churches, banned worship, and captured thousands. – At the request of the Emperor of Constantinople, he released the prisoners, but for an expensive ransom. Saint Alexy and Grand Duke Demetrius sent rich alms to the East 227. Since 1367, Saint Alexy had to endure a lot of sorrows and labors on the affairs of the Tver princes. Kashinsky Prince Vasily Mikhailovich quarreled with his nephew Prince Mikhail Alexandrovich over the inheritance of the deceased princes of his relatives. My uncle wanted to be the head of the Tver principality; the nephew, as the son of his elder brother, assumed the name of the Grand Duke and wanted to own the inheritance of the dead, as if by will. Mikhail's uncle and brother asked the Metropolitan for a trial. The High Hierarch recognized Michael as wrong. Mikhail fled to Olgerd, who was married to his sister, and with the Lithuanian army he constrained the Tver princes. Through the bishop, the enemies were reconciled, but insincerely. The offended princes again came to Moscow. The Grand Duke and Metropolitan invited Mikhail to Moscow for a peaceful trial. After the trial, Dimitri's boyars captured Prince Mikhail and his boyars and put him in prison; then, obliging him to abandon the town and not raise any more quarrels, he was released. – The saint recognized in Michael his connection with Lithuania as criminal, due to its dangers for civil freedom from Olgerdov’s lust for power, for freedom of conscience from paganism and papism. He valued Orthodoxy so much that not long before he deliberately went to Tver, just to baptize Olgerdova’s daughter, brought by her grandmother. Prince Mikhail thought only about personal interests. He now complained strongly about the saint for not stopping him from humiliating him, and hurried to Olgerd. The Lithuanian prince, an enemy of Moscow, brought devastation within Russia. Mikhail was not happy with that either: he went to Mamai, but almost fell into the hands of Dimitri and disappeared into Vilna. Olgerd entered Russia another time, but made peace. Mikhail earned himself the title of Grand Duke of Russia in the horde. Dimitri was forced, with fear for his life, to go to Mamai. Saint Alexy accompanied him to the banks of the Oka River; there he fervently prayed for Grand Duke Dimitri, blessed him and the boyars and implored the latter to take care of the precious life of the sovereign. The saint hastened to return to Moscow to bless the marriage of Prince Vladimir with the daughter of Olgerd, hardly less dangerous than Mamai. - Protected by the prayers of the saint, Demetrius was showered with the caresses of the khan: the horde not only confirmed him in the rank of Grand Duke, but agreed to take a more moderate tribute than before. Mikhail, not moderate in his desires, complained everywhere and to no avail 228. He sent a complaint against the metropolitan to the patriarch. Olgerd also wrote to Constantinople: “until now, even under our fathers, there has not been such a metropolitan as this metropolitan. Blesses Muscovites for shedding blood; whoever kissed the cross for me and ran away to him, the Metropolitan removes the kiss of the cross from him.” This complaint against the saint is the best praise for the saint. The enemy of the Moscow state vigilantly watched who and how much was preventing him from fulfilling his plans for Moscow. And so he, in uncontrollable annoyance, points to Alexy, as more than others, he contributed to the strengthening of the power of Moscow. “The princes of Novosilsky, Kozelsky, Vyazemsky, Kashinsky and others, entire cities,” says Olgerd, “according to Alexy’s conviction, they lagged behind Olgerd and joined the Moscow Grand Duke.” Patriarch Philotheus understood the purity of the intentions of the saint of Moscow and understood Olgerd. With one letter he assured Grand Duke Demetrius of his love for him and of his indignation at the princes who were hostile to him. He wrote to Prince Smolensky that the Metropolitan had rightly excommunicated him because he fought together with Olgerd against the Orthodox Grand Duke. In the third letter he made it known that he would not lift the curse from the princes imposed by the Metropolitan of all Russia until they repented, because “they gave a terrible oath to fight against the enemies of our faith and violated their oath.” He wrote to Prince Tverskoy: “the prince should not sue the metropolitan and cause temptation; it is not good for his soul and does not serve his honor.” Finally, Mikhail, after five years of enmity, was forced to humble himself before the Grand Duke Dimitri. The agreement was concluded through the mediation of Saint Alexis. In it we read: “with the blessing of our father, the Metropolitan of All Rus', Prince Tver takes an oath for himself and for his heirs to recognize the Grand Duke of Moscow as his eldest brother, never to seek the Vladimir fatherland and not accept it from the khan, as well as the great Novgorod, and the Grand Duke, for his part, promises not to intercede with his inheritance and not to take away Tver from him fatherland" 229. The last years of the saint were darkened by sorrow in the new metropolitan of the southwest. The rulers of Poland and Lithuania were very angry with St. Alexy for his concerns about the Moscow Grand Duchy. At first they complained to the patriarch that the metropolitan did not visit the southwestern dioceses. The Patriarch wrote to the Metropolitan: “justice demands that you look around all of Russia and show fatherly love to all the princes.” If there were no strong obstacles, Saint Alexy, without a doubt, would have visited the southwest on his own, regardless of his old age. But on the part of the southwest, this complaint is not sincere. The Polish king Casimir wrote to Patriarch Philotheus that if the Galician Bishop Anthony was not consecrated by them as metropolitan, the king would force the Russians to accept the Roman faith and subordinate them to the Roman archbishop. “The Grand Duke of Fire Worshipers” - Olgerd demanded the same. – Patriarch Philotheus was forced to give in and, notifying St. Alexia, wrote: “What should we have done in such a situation? We call you to be a judge; what do you say yourself? It’s a different matter if the sovereign of the land were Orthodox, of our faith: then we might have waited... Judge for yourself, would it be good if this happened, as the king wrote?... We gave Anthony Galich to be a metropolitan bishopric, and the bishoprics of Vladimir, Przemysl and Kholm.” After the death of Anthony, the princes of Lithuania asked the patriarch for a new metropolitan, and Philotheus ordained Cyprian in 1376 so that after the death of Alexy he would remain metropolitan of all Russia. The Grand Duke of Moscow expressed his displeasure that Cyprian was sent without his consent 230. In such circumstances, Saint Alexius wished to choose a successor for himself, just as Saint Theognostus chose him. He wanted to appoint St. Sergius to the archpastoral see. But the desert lover resolutely refused the high appointment. The Grand Duke asked that the saint bless his favorite and confessor Mityai-Mikhail to take his place. Mityai was very prominent, handsome in appearance, with an excellent gift of speech, with a loud and pleasant voice; He had an extraordinary memory, knew parables, stories, books and reasoned intelligently about matters. But generously endowed with the gifts of God, he poorly remembered that all this was not his - he was proud, arrogant and arrogant. The saint saw all this in Mityai, while not everyone else saw it, and he said to the Grand Duke: “Mityai is not yet an old monk; he needs to be tempted and clothed with good deeds.” When the Grand Duke persistently asked for Mitya even after that, the saint answered: “If God and the Holy Patriarch and the Council give, so be it; I can’t bless him.” It is known that Mityai drowned before reaching Constantinople, where, at the request of the Grand Duke, he hurried for initiation. Saint Alexy reached a ripe old age, 78 years old, having spent 24 years at the metropolitan see 231. In continuation of his ministry, more than 20 archpastors of the Russian Church were dedicated to them 232. Apart from his epistle to the Don, a precious monument of his pastoral teaching includes: a) his gospel; b) his district message to the flock; and c) a message to the Christians of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Gospel of St. Alexy, written by his own hand, is kept in the Chudov Monastery; in the past they read it during a prayer service for the sick; now it is brought out on the days of memory of the saint at the small entrance during the liturgy. It was written when the saint was in Constantinople, and therefore when he could have in his hands the best copies of the Greek Gospel. The text of the saint is in many ways not similar to the Slavic lists of the time preceding him. It contains not only the correction of errors made by Slavic scribes, but a new translation from the original. The difference between this translation is its literal proximity to the Greek text. So the saint of God did not think, as others think in our time, that it is impermissible and contrary to Orthodoxy to correct errors in the sacred books, and to replace incomprehensible or inaccurate translation words with understandable and accurate ones 233 . In the district teaching, the saint, having spoken about his duty to teach the flock and about the dispositions with which the flock should receive instructions, offers: to the flock - general rules about Christian love and the fear of God, specific ones - to superiors and judges about justice, to subordinates - about obedience. He says to everyone: “Come to the priest, your spiritual father, with repentance and tears; renounce all evil deeds and do not return to them. True repentance consists in hating your past sins. Having abandoned all your affairs, gather for church prayer without laziness. Don’t say: let’s drink for ourselves at home. Just as a church without a fire, from only smoke, cannot heat up: so is that prayer without church prayer. The Church is called the earthly heaven. In it the Lamb, the Son and Word of God, is slain for the cleansing of the sins of the whole world; it preaches the Gospel of the Kingdom of God and the Scriptures of St. Apostles; in it is the throne of the glory of God, invisibly overshadowed by cherubim; in it, the body and blood of the Divine are received by priestly hands and taught to the faithful for the salvation and purification of soul and body. So, when entering the church, tremble in soul and body: you are not entering into a simple church. Don’t dare, children, to anger God with your conversations in church. Have the sign of Christ in your souls. The sign for the sheep of God's flock is the communion of the body and blood of Christ. You, children, like sheep of the verbal flock, do not miss a single fast without renewing this sign on yourselves, partake of the body and blood of Christ” 234. In his letter to the Nizhny Novgorod flock, he teaches the flock the fear of God. He says to the shepherds: “Do not be afraid of the face of the strong, forbid them to offend the lesser. – Let there be peace, love and truth among Christians, not only in words and on the tongue, but in a pure heart and a straight soul. Look, children, what a rebellion you have now.” Strongly rebels against drunkenness. “Also, children, I am writing to you so that you cut off the root of evil in yourselves, which raises all kinds of iniquities - drunkenness. “It destroys the soul, darkens the eyes, weakens the body, shortens life, extinguishes the fear of God in a person, removes him from God and brings him to mental and physical poverty.”... At the end he writes: “I am writing this not only for abbots and priests, but also for princes and boyars, for husbands and wives, and for all Orthodox Christians. Have, children, respect, humility and obedience to your spiritual fathers, since they teach you what is useful and saving for the soul” 235. The saint of God ended his earthly course on February 12, 1378. He bequeathed to lay his body in the Chudov Monastery, and indicated the place of burial “behind the altar of the church”, not wanting, out of humility, to be buried in the church. “But the Grand Duke did not want to fulfill this: such a respected saint was laid with honor and zeal in the church, near the altar” 236. His healing powers were discovered 50 years after his death. Under Metropolitan Photius, during the liturgy, the vault of the Church of the Archangel Michael collapsed due to disrepair, but in such a way that no harm was done to anyone in the church. A new church had to be built. When they began to dig ditches for the foundation of the church, the relics of the saint were found incorrupt, and even the clothes on them turned out to be completely intact. It was May 20th, 1431. From that time on, they began to honor the memory of the saint 237. Since the discovery of the relics, healings and miracles of various kinds have flowed abundantly from the saint of God. The well-known description of the miracles of the saint contains notes from three different times 238. The first description - a description of 8 miracles - belongs to the same Pachomius, who also described the life of the saint. Having described the last miracle - the healing of a seven-year-old boy bitten by a mad dog, the narrator says: “having heard about so many signs of the new wonderworker, we tried to convey to scripture the healing powers flowing from his tomb in the most honorable Church of the Annunciation of the Archangel’s monastery.” Since the saint here is called a new wonderworker, the miracles described here belong, without a doubt, to the time close to the discovery of the relics of the saint 239. The second of those miracles was the resurrection of a dead baby with cancer of the saint. Fourth miracle: “Mikhail, the clerk of the city of Vladimir, was wounded by a poisonous arrow. At his request, they brought him to the monastery of the Archangel: - he himself did not own any of the members; placing the patient near the shrine, they sang a prayer service; the liturgy began. And so the cleric sees, as he said: St. Alexy stands between two priests, as during the great entrance, and holds a chalice in his hand. The patient exclaimed loudly: Saint Alexis! have mercy on me. And the more they forbade him, the more he cried out, until the saint turned to him and said the words: “Arise, take up your bed and go to your house.” Having said this, he lay down in his shrine. At that very moment the cleric was healed. In front of everyone, he stood up as if he had not suffered anything. He even took a book, and during the prayer singing, like a canonarch, he began to move from choir to choir, singing songs” 240. Pachomius, in his service to the saint (1460), speaks of an edifying miracle. “You did not despise the tears of the offended one who fell at your shrine,” he sings to the saint. In a dream vision, you caused the offender to become paralyzed, twisted his arms and legs, and said: if you don’t quickly give away your treasures to your neighbor, you won’t get up from your bed; when he soon fell to your shrine with repentance and tears, he received healing” 241. Metropolitan Theodosius described, as an eyewitness, the healing of the monk Naum. Since childhood, Nahum had a withered leg and walked on a piece of wood; with the hope of the saint’s help, he entered the Miracle Monastery; here, while serving in the kitchen, he prayed for a long time, prayed relentlessly. One night the pain in his leg tormented him greatly; acute pain drove him to frenzy, and he prayed: “Holy Father Alexy, you see my suffering, either heal me, or let my soul be taken from my poor body!” Suddenly fear attacked him, and at the same time his crumpled leg straightened and became healthy. It was January 24, 1462 242. Of the nine miracles described by the Chudovsky Archimandrite Jonah, the most amazing is the last miracle: “weak with his hands and feet and weakened by his whole body, he was brought by compassionate people to the monastery of the Archangel, according to his faith, to the great saint. When he was poor, he gave a coin to the priest for a prayer service. During the prayer service, falling down before the relics of the saint, he was overcome with some kind of fear, and at the same time healed. The Metropolitan and Grand Duke Vasily, having heard about this, performed a conciliar prayer service.” According to the chronicle, the miracles that preceded this miracle took place in 1519 under Metropolitan Varlaam, and the miracle with Vasily took place in 1525 243. Our Holy Father Anthony Cauleus, Patriarch of Constantinople Born in Constantinople in 828 from pious parents who were from Thrace or Phrygia. From infancy, a desire for sacred actions was noticed in him; after the death of his mother, at the age of 12, he entered a monastery and, imitating the abbot, spent his nights in prayer and led the life of an ascetic; over time, against his will, he was made a hieromonk and then rector of the monastery, in which he tonsured his father as a monk. He was distinguished by his special love for the poor and needy, and during his abbotship he extended his benefits to the distant Scythians, Thracians and Mysians, so that he himself came into distress. When he was once in poverty, suddenly a man or an Angel in the form of a man appears, gives him a bundle of gold and quickly leaves, saying only: “Take this for the needs of those you care about.” In 893 he was appointed patriarch and, together with Emperor Leo VΙ the Wise (889–912), did a lot of good for the Church. He died peacefully in 895 and soon after his death he performed many miracles; on the 8th day after his death, his relics emitted a fragrance. His life and miracles after his death were soon described by his contemporary Nicephorus, a philosopher and orator, in the form of an oratory. This patriarch lived after Photius, but is revered by the Western Church as a saint on February 12, 244. Saint Bishop John, Abbot of Sinai In 1091, the Egyptian Sultan sent a detachment of soldiers to pacify the Arabs, who, pursuing the Arabs, reached the Sinai monastery. The military leader, having assured the monks of safety, was allowed into the monastery with several soldiers. The barbarians began to demand that they be shown the monastery treasury. The abbot, Bishop John, refused to open it to them, for which they subjected him to cruel torture. But he patiently and complacently endured them... Leaving him barely alive, the soldiers dug up all the platforms and found only under St. the meal included three marble arks with holy relics. At night there was an earthquake and the soldiers left the monastery in fear. And three days after that, blessed John gave up his spirit to God 245. Celebration of the Iveron Icon of St. Mother of God in the Valdai Monastery Patriarch Nikon, who was still Metropolitan of Novgorod, in 1651, traveling from Novgorod to Moscow, was captivated by the picturesque views of the surrounding area and islands of Lake Valdai. Upon his accession to the patriarchal throne, flaming with zealous faith and love for the miraculous Iveron Icon, he set out to build a monastery on one of the islands of Lake Valdai, modeled after the Iveron Monastery on Mount Athos. Having asked the permission of Tsar Alexy Mikhailovich, the patriarch sent skilled painters to Mount Athos to remove a new copy of the ancient Iveron Icon of the Mother of God and the most faithful plan of the Iveron Athos Monastery. In 1656, the newly painted icon was brought to the Svyatoozersky Monastery by Hieromonk Cornelius and Monk Nicephorus sent from Mount Athos. This event was a great triumph for the patriarch. He arrived at this time at the newly built monastery with the metropolitans - Macarius of Novgorod, Pitirim of Krutitsy and Lavrenty, Archbishop of Tver, deliberately for the solemn consecration of the cathedral Assumption Church, which was consecrated on August 15, and the holy icon of the Mother of God was placed in the prepared place. On the day of the celebration of the Most Holy Theotokos of the Iveron Icon, the Church proclaims: “the insolence of those who hate the image of the Lord, and the power of the wicked, godlessly came to Nicaea, and sent an inhumane widow, piously venerating the icon of the Mother of God, they tortured: but the same night with her son, throw the icon into the sea, crying: glory to you, Pure, as to you The impassable sea has its own sway: glory to your righteousness, one imperishable. From your holy icon, O Lady Theotokos, healing and healing are given abundantly with faith and love to those who come to her: so visit my weakness, and have mercy on my soul, O Good One, and heal my body with your grace, O Most Pure One.” About the life of St. Marina ancient news in Vitis Patrum. The metaphrastic description of this life (in Chetya-Minea on February 12th) adds very little to the information of the ancient legend, but in places it deviates from it, sometimes shortens it, sometimes dilutes the ancient simplicity with words. In the combined Patericon (sign. m. Chapter 7), the ancient news is abbreviated and Eugene is called Marina’s brother in the flesh - erroneously. Vershinsky (p. 24) unfairly shows the Bethany monastery as the place of heroism: father and daughter were born in Bithynia, but labored in Egypt. Rumyantsev 159, p. 211) life of St. Marina and her father Evgeniy. Metaphrastus in Chetye-Minea: “you commanded him to do the worst and last things of the monastery.” Vain scrupulousness! The ancient legend does not show the time of the exploits of St. Marina, but since neither Rufinus nor Palladium mention her, we must assume that she lived after them. Relics of St. The Marinas rested in Constantinople for a long time, but in 1113 they were taken to Venice. Du-Cangii Const. chr. p. 149. 150. In the Western Church, the transfer of relics - July 17th. Usuardi martyrol. auctump. 270. In the description of the life of St. Alexy we will follow his life, described by Pachomius, according to the short notes of Blessed Pitirim; partly to the composition of Epiphanius Slavenitsky. Pachomius' creation in the Menaion of Met. Macarius, in music. Rumyantsev No. 153; in the Synodal RCP. XV century No. 556. Slavenitsky description in the prologue of February 12. Explanations and additions will be provided. According to the chronicle (Karamz. 5. pr. 254) in 1393: “On February 13, Daniil Feofanovich died as a monk, David, tonsured by Metropolitan Cyprian himself; he was one of the nobles, senior boyars, the best and first of them, a sincere well-wisher. a prince who served him faithfully both in the Horde and in Rus', like no one else; brave and courageous, he exposed his life to dangers in foreign countries, in places unknown. “He was laid in Chudovoye, near the tomb of Metropolitan Alexy, his uncle.” According to the pedigree (temporary general history X, 98. 100. 178. 239), the sons of Theodore Byakont are Alexy, Feofan, Matvey, Konstantin (childless) and Alexander Pleshchey (ancestor of the Pleshcheyevs); the sons of Feofan Fedorovich Daniel, the ancestor of the Ignatievs and Zherebtsovs, and Stepan, from whom the Metropolitan Fomins descended. According to the chronicle, Alexander Pleschey became Kostroma governor in 1375. See Laquiera Heraldica pp. 481. 568. 570. According to Pachomius, St. Alexy was older in. Prince Simeon on 17, and Simeon was born on September 7. 1317 Step. book 1, 444–450. Nikon. years. 3.30. 4, 55–58. 209.210. To Nikon. years. 4.58. 65. it was said that it was blessed. Alexy was ordained bishop 4 years before the death of Theognost: “he was in the courtyard of Metropolitan. Theognosta 12 l. 3 months having been a monk for 40 years.” But he was ordained a bishop only a month before the death of Theognostus (Collected years 7, 217. 8, 27. Nikon. years 3.201); lived in the Epiphany monastery for more than 20 years, and 12 years. was a governor (step. book 1, 449. 450); track. In total, about 33 years passed in monasticism before being ordained a bishop. Thus, St. Alexy was ordained bishop and metropolitan for 53 years, not 60, as stated in the same Nikon. years. 4, 65. The chronicle introduces its own count of years from the fact that it puts the entire life of the saint at 85 years. – But after the demonstrated disagreement with reality, the latter also turns out to be incorrect. Collection years. 7, 214. 4, 62. HUROB. years. 3, 201–203. Collection gram. 1. No. 23. 24. Certificates in J.M. Prosv. 1847 June 140. 141. According to Russian monuments, the ambassadors of Theognostus and Simeon returned with the decision of P. Philotheus in 1353 (Collected fol. 217. Nikon. l. 3. 203). But when they say that Alexy was dedicated by St. Philotheus (Step. book. 1, 451. 452. Nikon. l. 4:59): that is a mistake. The council about its dedication was in 1354; and then Callistus was the patriarch. Philotheus was not patriarch for long in 1353, and during a change on the imperial throne, he ceded the throne to... Calliot. The Serb Pachomius, apparently, did not call for either the changes of Constantinople of 1353, or the events under Met. Theognostus: otherwise he would not have attributed the establishment of Romanus to the greed of Constantinople alone (Step. q. 1. 452, 453), especially since Saint Kallistos had a spiritual, ascetic life. – Chronicle: “the same (1354) l. Vladyka Alexy was quickly appointed metropolitan in Tsarigorod for the entire Russian land and that autumn he left Tsarigorod.” Collection l. VIII. 9. V. 228 III. 86.IV. 62. Letop. Danilovich p. 173. 174. Step. sq. I, 452. Nikon. l. 3, 204. Charter of 1361 in J.M. Prosv. 1847, p. 141. Chronicle for 6864: “the same autumn, Metropolitan Alexy went to Constantinople. The same winter, Metropolitan Alexy will come from Tsarygorod.” Collection l. VIII. 10. Collection l. I. 230. VIII. 10. Nikon. l. 3. 206. Step. sq. 1. 452–454. Nikon. l. 3, 26. – Collection. l. VIII. 10. – East. ak. 1. No. 3. Grigoriev about labels pp. 89. 90. 95. 128. 129. “According to Janibek Taidulino’s label, a word to the temniks and princes of thousands, etc. When this Metropolitan Alexy enters Tsaryugrad: let no one, anywhere, touch him or do violence to him; where he happens to stop, let them not touch him and not take his horses, because he prays to God for Janibek, for his children and for you. Whoever commits violence will respond with great prayer. - They gave the charter in 1355, 17 days. aram." Trinity years. at Karamz. 4. ir. 384. Step. sq. I. 454. 455. Nikon. years. 3, 208. 209. 4, 61. 62. Cont. Nestor is 98 years old. Danilovich, p. 175. Lvov. l. 2, 122. Sava index Synod. Rizeitsi p. 109. M. 1859. In the short life of St. Alexy, which was probably compiled by the cleric Vasily, the khan who called Alexy, is called Amurat. But Murid was khan 1361–1363, and Taidula was the wife of Janibek (pr. 208). Collection l. 5, 228. 4, 63. 8, 10. Cont. Nestor 98. Nick. l. 3.1208. 310. Degree. book I, 455. Rumyantsev Museum p. 273. Grigoriev about labels pp. 126. 128. 88. 89. Lvov. l. 2, 124–130. Letop. at Karamz. 4. pr. 384. 380. 379. Step. book I, 457. 458. Collection l. 4, 230. 231. 5, 228–230. 8, 10. Nikon. l. 4, 12. 16. 3, 217. Step. book I, 458. Probably during a visit to Kyiv, St. Alexy encountered new troubles from Roman. In 1361, the Council of Constantinople sent its trustees to Russia to examine Roman’s actions on the spot and, having selected reviews from bishops, princes and other reliable persons, report to the council. J. M. Prosv. 1847 June, 141. 142. But the death of Roman stopped business. Berdibek was killed by Kulpa in 1356, who was killed by Navruz in the same year; in the spring of 1360 Khizr (Khidir) killed Navruz and the following year he was killed by his son Temir-Khoja, who ruled for only 5 weeks; at the same time was the khan of Ordu-Melik, soon killed by Gildibek (1361–1362), who was overthrown by Khair-Pulad. Troubles in the horde occurred from the ambitious Mamai. Murid (1361–1363) rebelled against him, but Mamai raised Abdullah (1362–1369) against him, who had to fight the khans Janibek 2, Pulad-Timur, Azis; in 1370 Mamai enthroned Muhammad-Bulyak. Record. archaeol. total XII, 28–48. 190.214. Collection l. 4, 230. 231. 5, 228–230. Nikon. l. 4, 3–16. Lviv. l. 2, 127–129. According to the chronicle, she died in 1393 - “Abbess Alekseevskaya, Ulyana from the city of Yaroslavl, daughter of a certain rich parent and famous, she herself was God-fearing, having been a monk for more than 30 years (since 1361), the abbess was 90 monks and the general leader of women’s life and many former comforter to the girls.” G. Snegirev (Stariina 4, 80–81), at the same time, as he points to the words of the chronicle calling Juliana the daughter of a rich parent from Yaroslavl, recognizes this first abbess as the sister of St. Alexia. But the sister of St. Alexia was Julia, not Juliania; she and her other older sister Eupraxia were nuns in the Alexievsky Monastery; Alexy was born in Moscow, not in Yaroslavl. According to the Nizhny Novgorod Pechersk Synodikon, the family of St. Alexia: “Theodore, Maria, Abbess Julia, nun Eupraxia, Theophanes, Matvey, Konstantin, Alexander” and so on. If Julia, sister of St. Alexia, and was the abbess of Alekseevskaya: then rabbi after Juliana, from 1393. Sl. Lviv. l. 2, 162. Nikon. l. 4, 59–60. 221. 232. Prologue. Feb. 12. Step. book I, 460. RKP. Saints; mixed. about the monastery 263. 264. Rumyantseva music. No. 364. Nizhegorsk years. in other vivliof. Part 18. Years. at Karamz. 5, time 122, step. book I. 461. Arch. Macarius is remembered. 148–152. 182. Nikon. l. 4, 62. 63. Step. book I. 461. 462. Collection. years. VIII, 13. Snegireva Russian antiquity 3, 79–86. Pitirim: “He built a stone church in the name of the saints. archan. Michael, honoring his miracle, decorate it with a signature, icons, books and sacred vessels and, simply put, with all sorts of church patterns. That monastery promised to be a community of life, which it still is to this day. He provided many villages and houses and people and lakes and fields and pastures with food and everything that was sufficient for the needs of the monastery... He created such a monastery for himself twelve years before his repose.” Spiritual diploma of Rev. Joseph ch. 10. Charter of P. Paisius 1657 in history. Hier. 2, 542. According to Nikon. l. IV. 62 on the list of consecrated saints. Alexy noted: “these are the bishops of his appointment in the Chudovsky Monastery.” This can only apply to the second half of those consecrated by the saint - and the first bishops were consecrated even when there was no Chudov Monastery. See note. 221. Certificate from Snegirev: Memorable. Moscow ancient pp. 142, 143. Step. book I. 463. Trinity. l. at Karamz. 5, pr. 5 and 6. Nikon. l. 4, 16. Step. book I. 462. 463. Collection. years. VIII. 14. Collection l. 4, 66. 69. Nikon. l. 4. 12–34. Karamz. 5. pr. 10. “The Great Prince realized that the boyars advised him unkindly about Prince Mikhail, and let him go.” That's what the chronicles say. It is clear that it was not the Metropolitan who was to blame for Michael’s imprisonment, and the latter in vain said in indignation: “I had more faith in the Metropolitan than anyone else, but he humiliated and cursed me.” G. Belyaev (Reader general history 1861 book 3) justifies the metropolitan by the fact that in his old age he “was no longer involved in state affairs much.” - No, not long before that he was in Kyiv and Tver, in 1370 he went to Nizhny to baptize his son Boris Konstantinovich. He was strong not only in spirit, but also in body. The trouble is that no matter how much experience, patriotism and prudence they saw in him, the boyars at times gave orders in their own way, and not on the advice of the metropolitan. Agreement in Dr. vivliof. 1, 78. Certificates in J.M. Prosv. 1847 pp. 142. 143. 150–152. 154. Constant protocols in J.M. Prosv. 1847, p. 145. 147. 152–154. 157. Synodal act of 1389 (in the archive of historical legal information of 1861, p. 9). We see in the chronicles that St. Alexy was in Kyiv in 1358. It was established for Vilna to celebrate the Lithuanian martyrs. Was it not this last action that especially embittered the proud Olgerd against the Metropolitan? Collection l. III, 91. 96. Nikon. IV, 48. 63. 68. 73. Cont. Nestor 137–142. Step. book I. 464–466. See pr. 199. And Pitirim writes that St. Alexy “is 17 years older than the Great Prince Semion”; track. He was born in 1300 and died (February 12, 1377) at 78, not 85 years old. – Pitirim also determines the time of birth of St. Alexy: “born during the reign of the great Tferskoye Mikhailovo Yaroslavich, lie to Metropolitan Maxim, before the murder of Akinfov.” Boyarin Akinf Gavrilovich was killed in 1304 (Karamz. IV, pr. 208. 324); mbtrop. Maximus died on December 6, 1305; St. Mikhail was injured on November 22. 1318, being great. prince from 1304. It is clear that this definition does not at all confirm the 85-year old age of St. Alexia. - Based on this news, it would be appropriate to assume that St. Alexy was born at the very accession of the prince. Michael for the great reign, no more than a month before the death of Akinf, at the beginning of 1304, which, however, does not agree with the years of Alexiev’s seniority before Prince Simeon. Trinity years. (and Karamz. 5. pr. 55): “byahu the bishops who installed him are Ignatius of Rostov, Vasily Ryazansky, Theophylact of Smolensk, Ivan Saraisky (above pr. 223), Parthenius of Smolensk, Nathanael Bryansky, Afanasy Ryazansky, Alexy of Suzdal, Alexy of Novgorod, Vasily Tversky (above pr. 223). 227), Daniil of Suzdal, Gerasim Kolomensky, Grigory of Chernigov, Daniil of Smolensky." So in the steppe. book 1. 464. According to Nikon. years. 4, 62, after Daniil of Suzdal and before Gerasim of Kolomevsky, Matthew of Sarai, Arseny of Rostov, Evfimy of Tver and Dioisius of Suzdal were also dedicated; the last two are dedicated to 1374. Nikon. l. 4, 40. 38. Lviv. l. 3, 148. So it is in Pitirim’s short life, only here Ivan Saraisky and Parthenius of Smolensk are missed. Nikon's chronicle generally retained all the differences in Pitirim's legend about St. Alexia, supplementing them with her own guesses. See spirit review. literary § 70. Shevyreva history. Russian verbal. III, 127–132. 157–159. 392–395. His Greek signature is in the description. Rumyantsev. music page 48. Published in add. to creativity father 1849 Published by Mr. Nevostruev, in Dushepol. Read 1861 I, 449–460. Pachomius's life of the saint. About the transfer of St. relics from one church to another at Snegirev in Starina 3, 82. 83. and in the prologue of May 20th In Nikon. years. 4. 65. 66. discovery of the relics of St. Alexia is dated directly to 1431. Then the testimony about the 60-year stay of the relics in the ground (step book I. 470) should be considered inaccurate. In the Menea of ​​Macarius, the description of miracles is placed under the 20th of May, after the legend about the discovery of relics. Nikon. years. 4, 66. Here, after the position of the relics in the chapel of the Annunciation, built in 1431, is said, it is added: “where healing flows out to all who come with faith.” B b. total history No. 55. 56. Pachomius’s life of the saint with 8 miracles – from Rumyantsev’s description. music p. 204. in the library. society ist. No. 35. 56. Menaion for February, M. 1646. This miracle is not included in the known description of the miracles of the saint. RKP. Service to the saint on February 12th, at Tsarskoye No. 563. Collection years. VI, 325–330. 184. Nikon. l. 6, 217. 220. 221. Russian. times 2, 259–260. Lviv. l. 3, 361. 363–365. In the steppe book 2, 192. The description of 1519 says: “then from the honest relics of the great saint and wonderworker Alexy there were many and various miracles and healings. Byakhu, and these miracles are written in this book in the 11th degree, in the life of this saint.” But in the printed edition (step. book 1, 476. 478) there are neither the miracles of 1519 nor those that preceded them. A silver shrine to the saint with a gilded image of him was built by order of the Grand Duke in 1635 Karamz. VII, pr. 311. From the complete monthly book of the East - Archimandrite Sergius. "Ascetics on Mount Sinai and in its environs."