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Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Averky, Bishop of Hierapolis Averky was the third bishop of the city of Hierapolis, which was not far from the present Turkish Bamboo-Kalasi, and of which now no trace remains. Many difficulties accompanied his zealous activity in a city where there were very few Christians; nevertheless, he contributed to the spread of faith, in which God supported him with many miracles. Once, during a pagan festival during his episcopacy, when he greatly grieved over the blinding of the people and fervently prayed that God would help him in enlightening the pagans, he fell asleep after prayer and saw a significant dream. - “Go and crush the rulers of error with the rod!” - the bright young man told him, handing him the staff. Having understood the meaning of the vision, Averky, getting up, hurried to the pagan temple and broke into pieces many of the precious idols that were in it. As soon as the people found out about this, they furiously rushed to Averky’s house to kill the destroyer of his shrine. The bishop did not shy away from danger, but, going out into the square, he instructed the people in Whom they should believe instead of their idols... At the same time, in the name of the One Whom he preached, he healed three sick young men in the eyes of the entire crowd. And suddenly the rage of the people against the Christian bishop turned into veneration for the man of God. – Truly He is the God Whom Averky preaches! - the crowd began to see clearly and rushed to him, asking him to tell her about that God, by whose name alone the sick receive healing. All that day the bishop taught the pagans, and the next day 500 people received holy baptism from him. But it was not in his city alone that Averky led people to faith in Christ; He traveled for the purpose of preaching in other countries, was in Syria, Cilicia, Mesopotamia, Rome, which is why he received the title of Equal-to-the-Apostles. His death is supposed to be around 167, when he was about 72 years old. Relics of St. Averky was seen in Constantinople, in the Church of the Merciful Savior, by Stefan Novgorod and Hierodeacon Zosima in the 14th and 15th centuries. † Memory of Rev. Theodora and Pavel of Rostov In the RKP. In the calendar we read: “Reverend Fathers Theodore and Paul, Abbess of the Boris and Gleb Monastery on the Ustya River, formerly in l. 7000, month October at 22 days.” According to the RCP. story about the beginning of the Boris and Gleb Monastery 289, Theodore came to the black forest of the river. Ustya from the Novgorod side. Near the road that went from Kargopol and Beloozero to Moscow, he built himself a hut from brushwood, and on a tree, right next to the road, he hung a box to accept alms from those passing by for his food. He lived like a bird of heaven, without worries about earthly things, and spent his time in prayer; So he lived for three years, alone with the Lord! Three years later, Paul came to him and began to share his desert life with him. With led. book Demetrius Ioannovich and M. Alexia, when Konstantin III Vasilyevich reigned in Rostov, and Ignatius III, the reverend, occupied the bishopric. Sergius came to his homeland in Rostov. This was in 1363, when Prince. Constantine had to be reconciled with the new century. book Demetrius, and the holy work of reconciliation was accomplished with success 290. The desert dwellers Theodore and Paul considered it a sacred thing to turn to the great desert dweller for spiritual advice. They asked him to inspect the site for the new desert monastery and bless it. Sergius walked with them through the forest desert and on the river. Ustye, where the monastery church now stands, ordered the construction of a church in the name of St. martyrs Boris and Gleb. “The Lord will look upon this place, the great passion-bearers will help you; it will be established and become famous,” said the reverend. Sergius. Book Constantine and Bishop Ignatius lovingly allowed the construction of a new monastery. Inspired by the words of St. an ascetic whom everyone respected, the hermits began to cut down the forest to clear the place for the church and monastery, and soon saw confirmation of the words of Sergius. Once, when they were resting from work, two warriors in princely robes appeared to them and said: “Work here; God will not leave you, and we will be here relentlessly, with help for you and for your successors.” "Who are you?" asked the hermits, waking up from sleep; but they only heard the answer of the heavenly warriors: “I am Roman,” said one; “And I am David,” said the other. After that, the hermits redoubled their zeal for the construction of the monastery. Little by little, zealots of desert life gathered around them. The hermits built two churches - one in honor of the passion-bearers, the other, warm, in honor of the Annunciation of the Mother of God. The brethren begged Theodore to accept the title of abbot. The place of zealous ascetics became known: for the feast of the martyrs of the princes, many Bogomolets gathered and bargaining began 291. Many of the rich people of the Rostov region began to want to be buried in the deserted monastery of the martyrs and made contributions. Thus, arable land and draft animals were established - the monastery acquired everything it needed. Blessed Theodore, having reached old age, desired to labor in silence. Having entrusted the Boris and Gleb monastery to his fastman Paul, he and two disciples went to Lake Kubenskoye and here on St. Luke he set up a cell. But Chud, who had not yet parted with the rudeness of wild paganism, swept away his cell and forced him to leave Luka. Having crossed to the other side of the lake, he walked through remote places on the river. Kovzhu and at its mouth fell in love with the place; here he decided to found the monastery of St. Nicholas. He went to Moscow to the appanage prince. Andrei Dmitrievich, in whose region the Belozero-Vologda side was located, and asked him for a charter for fishing and land for the monastery 292. Returning from Moscow, Theodore convinced Paul to accept the rank of abbot of the Boris and Gleb monastery and then retired to Kovzha. At the confluence of Kovzha and Beloozero (40 versts from present-day Belozersk), he built a church in the name of the wonderworker Nicholas, and a satisfied number of ascetics gathered here to join him. Finally, sensing the approach of death, he chose an abbot for the new monastery, and he himself returned to the place of his initial exploits and died here on October 22. 1409 (6918) Blazh. Pavel, to whom his friend, in accordance with the letter from Prince Andrey, entrusted him with observing the Kovzhenskaya desert, did not live long after that 293. The Boris and Gleb monastery honors his memory on the same day as the memory of the founder Theodore, Oct. 22 days. Celebration of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God The second holiday in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God was established in gratitude to the Mother of God for delivering Moscow and Russia from the invasion of the Poles in 1613. After the dethronement of Tsar Vasily Ioannovich Shuisky in 1610, Russia, through an interregnum, disorder of civil order, internal treason and sedition, was betrayed into the hands of impostors and external enemies - the Swedes and the hated Poles, who robbed and burned cities and villages, captured Moscow and brought the fatherland to the brink of destruction and desecration. The Russian people felt their humiliation and misfortune. In different places, militias began to be formed to rid the capital and fatherland of violent enemies. Then Kazan showed its zeal for the fatherland, especially after the betrayal that occurred in it, and sent (in 1612) its squads to Moscow with the image of the Kazan Mother of God. The warriors began to have great faith in the image of the Most Pure One. There were many miracles from him. The squads that arrived in Moscow with the holy icon, with the help of the Heavenly Intercessor, on May 26 recaptured the Novodevichy Convent from the Poles and captured two companies of Lyakhs and 500 Germans. The miraculous image stayed with the militia near Moscow until winter; was released back with the Kazan archpriest and brought to Yaroslavl. At this time, the squads of Pozharsky and Minin arrived in Yaroslavl, marching to Moscow from Nizhny Novgorod. The army wished to have the icon with them, and a copy of it was sent to Kazan. Driven by a sense of piety, to ask for help from above in their just cause, our ancestors first turned with fasting and prayer to the Lord and His Most Pure Mother. The entire Orthodox army and people were commanded to fast for three days and solemn prayers were instituted. God heard the prayerful cry of those who were sick for the fatherland and the Church. Rev. Sergius appeared to Arseny, Archbishop of Elasson, who came to Russia with the Greek Patriarch Jeremiah, who was later the Bishop of Suzdal (1612–1613), who was in captivity by the Poles, and announced that the Lord, through the prayers of the Mother of God and the great wonderworkers of Russia - Peter, Alexy and Jonah, on the next day would overthrow the enemies and return the capital city of Russia Orthodox Christians. The divine vision, which healed the illness of the saint, depressed by his enemies, soon became known to the Russian army. Encouraged soldiers courageously approached Moscow in 1612. August 20; they again took the Maiden Monastery from the enemy, which, after the first liberation from the enemies, was again occupied by them; drove Hetman Khodkevich away from Moscow; The enemies who were in Moscow were completely constrained and starved; On October 22, 1613, Kitay-Gorod was liberated. The Poles, having lost hope of holding the rest of the city, surrendered the Kremlin themselves and humbly asked Pozharsky for mercy. On the next Sunday, accompanied by the Christ-loving army, they scheduled a religious procession with the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God to the Place of Execution to bring solemn thanksgiving to the Lord and His Most Pure Mother for their deliverance from their enemies. When this sacred, solemn procession took place, Archbishop Arseny came out of the Kremlin to greet him with the sacred cathedral, carrying the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God, the honorable cross and other holy icons that had been in captivity. Having beheld the miraculous icon of the Mother of God, the soldiers and people shed tears of tenderness and joy and kissed the saint. images. After the expulsion of enemies from Moscow, Prince Pozharsky consecrated the church in his parish of the Presentation of the Virgin Mary on Sretenskaya Street in Moscow, and in this church he placed an icon of Our Lady of Kazan. The priests of the church reported to the Tsar and Grand Duke Mikhail Feodorovich about the miracles that occurred from the icon in the battle with the hetman and during the capture of Moscow. Mikhail Feodorovich and his mother, the great elder nun Marfa Ivanovna, had great faith in the image and ordered it to be celebrated in Moscow twice a year and established a religious procession. The first celebration and religious procession was on the 8th day of July, when the Most Pure Mother of God appeared in Kazan, and the other on the 22nd day of October, when the Moscow state was cleansed. The miraculous image was decorated with many utensils by Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky, according to his vow, in 1625. Nowadays, both holidays are celebrated with a religious procession to the Kazan Cathedral. Since the expulsion of the Poles from Moscow and Russia and the accession of Mikhail Feodorovich to the All-Russian throne, the icon of the Kazan Mother of God became a family icon in the royal family. In 1649, on October 22, it was established to celebrate the Kazan Mother of God throughout Russia, on the occasion of the birth of Alexei Mikhailovich's heir to the throne - Tsarevich Dimitri Alekseevich - which for Russia, which had recently experienced grave disasters from the suppression of the royal family, served as a joyful guarantee of future prosperity. So on September 29, 1649, in the district royal charter of the Tsar and Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich, it was written to Markell, Archbishop of Vologda and Great Perm, about the celebration of the Kazan miraculous icon of the Most Holy Theotokos on the 22nd day of October: “in 1613, on the 22nd day of October, by the grace of God, prayers and Through the intercession of our Most Pure Lady Theotokos, the Kazan wonderworking icons, in memory of Averky, Bishop of Hierapolis, the wonderworker, the Moscow state was cleansed of the Lithuanian people, and for the sake of this God's mercy, they ordered the celebration of the Most Pure Theotokos, the wonderworking icon of Kazan, in the reigning city of Moscow, under our father, blessed in memory of the great Tsar and Great Prince Mikhail Feodorovich of all Russia. And in 1649, on the 22nd day of October, on the feast of the Most Holy Theotokos, God gave the miraculous icons of Kazan, during the all-night singing, and a son was born to us - the Tsarevich Prince Dimitri Alekseevich; and we have now ordered that on the 22nd day of October the Most Pure Mother of God, the miraculous icon of Kazan, be celebrated in all cities, throughout the years. So, upon receipt of this charter of ours, you, our Bogomolets, in the cathedral church, with the entire consecrated cathedral, and in the settlement, and in the entire archdiocese in cities and districts, and in monasteries, and in all churches, ordered the celebration of the Most Pure Mother of God to the miraculous icon of Kazan, throughout all the years of October on the 22nd day, in memory of Averky, Bishop of Hierapolis.” In the code of domestic laws, the 22nd day of October is recognized as a time day. The sacred monument and witness to the expulsion of the Poles from Moscow and the accession of the House of Romanov to the royal throne, in 1710, by order of Emperor Peter I, was transferred from Moscow to St. Petersburg, for the consecration of this new capital, and was initially placed in its center on the St. Petersburg side, in Posadskaya Street of the old Gostiny Dvor, in a linen church built in the chapel. “The setting on the image of the Kazan Mother of God was very fond of the then archimandrite of the Nevsky Monastery, Theodosius. Arriving at the Kazan Church to inspect the church order, he noticed that the image of the Mother of God stood low in the iconostasis, and all sorts of people were touching it, and he ordered to take it and take it to the Nevsky Monastery. Not long after, he took off his robe and ordered the image to be placed in the holy gates of the monastery. Upon learning of this, the parishioners of the Kazan Church were very offended. It was reported to the emperor, and he angrily ordered the image to be returned in its original setting and placed in its original place in the Kazan Church.” In 1721, the image of the Kazan Mother of God was transferred to the Trinity Cathedral. In 1737, on the day of the consecration of the newly built Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary on Nevsky Prospekt, where the Kazan Cathedral is now, the icon was moved here and decorated with a rich golden robe and precious stones from the offering of Her Majesty Empress Anna Ioannovna. On the day of the consecration of the present Kazan Cathedral in 1811 on September 15, a new chasuble was placed on the icon, made of pure gold of excellent workmanship, decorated with precious stones and pearls, most of which were donated by Empresses Maria Feodorovna, Elisaveta Alekseevna and Grand Duchess Ekaterina Pavlovna. On the day of the consecration of the cathedral, the holy icon, in the presence of the emperor, court, military parade, and countless crowds of people, was transferred to the newly built magnificent church. The church service on the days of the celebration of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God on July 8 and October 22 is the same. The canons were compiled by Hieromonk Ignatius. These days, the Church, among other things, appeals to the believers: “priest, people, to this quiet and good refuge, to the ambulance, ready and warm salvation, to the Protection of the Virgin. Let us hasten to prayer and strive for repentance: for the Most Pure Theotokos exudes boundless mercies to us, advances to our aid and delivers Her well-behaved and God-fearing servants from all troubles and evils.” On the patronage of the Mother of God to well-behaved and God-fearing Christians, St. Demetrius of Rostov, in his homily on the day of the appearance of the icon of the Most Pure Mother of God in Kazan, says: “Be horrified, disgraceful and heaven-fearing man, be horrified when you hear this, as the Mother of God helps the well-behaved and the God-fearing, and delivers them from great troubles and evils, and the corrupt morals of those who have it and the fear of God from the heart He does not deign to help those who have rejected them. And what’s amazing? Will Mother really begin to do good to those who are enemies of her Son? Isn’t she even more angry with her when she sees them, likewise, crucifying her Son with their sins and reproaching Him with their iniquities? Just as in ancient times the Jews of Christ were crucified and mocked Him: and now every Christian man, who goes through an unclean life and wallows in his filthiness, as if in cronyism, does not even think about repentance, crucifies the Son of God for himself, and curses Him in his own lands, redeemed by the blood of Christ, when we die Christ's, he commits the deeds of harlots. Can such a one be dearer than the Most Pure Mother of Christ? What kind of mother is it when you love someone who is the murderer of her son? What are you, a sinful and hardened man, with your unrepentant heart, what do you hope from the Mother of God, even the Son, throughout all your cold days and nights you will do sorrowful deeds, and dishonor Him in your lands, and only bear the Christian name on yourself, and you will find deeds worse than the infidels! The Mother of God has mercy on sinners, but for those who even fall from human weakness, they still rise with quick repentance and flow to God and to the Mother of God with tears and warm prayers. The Mother of God helps a sinner, but what kind of sinner? Those who strive to correct their lives and, avoiding evil, begin to do good deeds. The Mother of God delivers from great troubles and evils not only the righteous, but also the sinners, but which sinners? You, who return to the Heavenly Father like the prodigal son, sigh with your beating breasts like a tax collector, cry at the feet of Christ like a sinner who has wet His nose with tears, bring confession to Him like a thief on the cross. The Most Pure Mother of God looks upon such sinners from above and hastens to help them, and I deliver them from great troubles and evils; but she does not neglect the unrepentant sinners.” The icon of the Kazan Mother of God became a common shrine of St. Petersburg and the fatherland. Emperors, all members of the royal family, residents of the capital and all pious compatriots turn to the icon with prayers when they come here and leave. She participates in all religious processions in the capital and goes up to the houses of residents of St. Petersburg. – See July 8th. “The Tale of the Boris and Gleb Monastery, from so many years and how quickly it began” - in the collection of the Sergius Lavra No. 20. The story was written after the fact that in 1524, Abbot Theophilus began to build a new stone church in the Boris and Gleb Monastery. Since Dimitri Ioannovich became the leader. prince from 1362 and in 1363 obliged the prince. Constantine ordered to recognize him with a letter. Prince of Russia (collection gram. 1, 200. Nik. years. 4–5), who was with him Ignatius was the Bishop of Rostov no later than 1363 (Shrines of Rostov, p. 58. 71) and in 1364 Prince. Konstantin died of the Black Death: then Sergius’s visit to Rostov, and then. and the foundation of the Boris and Gleb monastery, belonged without a doubt to 1363. Then there is no doubt that St. Sergius came to reconcile with the leader. book Dimitri Prince Constantine, who unsuccessfully fought for the princes of Suzdal (Nikoi, years 4, 5. Artsybashev 2, note 795. 797). In the royal charter of 1652 it is written: “from the beginning of the venerable father Theodore and Paul in May 2, on the feast of the passion-bearers Boris and Gleb, trading people of all ranks came from cities and districts with all sorts of trades and traded duty free, and they were given to the Boris and Gleb Monastery for candles and incense, and for church wine.” “Around the people living in foolish ignorance, still the monster of Chud, drove out this venerable one and scattered the cell... But Prince Andrei gave a place for repairs and reaping and fishing.” According to the charter of Prince Andrei Dmitrievich, the abbot of Borisoglebsk and the brethren were ordered to “build a church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and a monastery on Bel Lake, beyond the lake, at the mouth of Kovzha, and repairs were given to that monastery.” This is what it says in the royal charter of 1615. St. Nicholas Monastery. on Kovzha was abolished before the establishment of states. East. Jer. 6, 548.