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Holy Apostles from LXX: Patrova, Erma, Lina, Gaia, Philologus The Holy Apostles from LXX: Patrova, Erma, Lina, Gaia, Philologus - see about them on January 4, in the Cathedral of the 70 Apostles. Repose of St. Jonah, Archbishop of Novgorod “I was left an orphan,” as St. himself said. Jonah, in the world John, “after his father for seven years, and after his mother for three years. God put it on the heart of the widow Natalia, the mother of Yakov Dmitrievich Medovartsev: she took me into her house, fed and clothed me, and gave me to the clerk to learn to read and write. There were many students at the school; I was quiet from poverty. One day the children were playing after Vespers; a blessed man walks down the street; the children rushed at him, throwing pebbles at him and rubbish in his eyes; and I stood there without moving. The blessed one, leaving the children, ran to me, took me by the hair, raised me higher than himself and, not knowing me at all, called me by name: “Vanyusha! He said, learn to read and write, so you can be an archbishop in Novgorod.” Then he hugged Vanya and ran away. It was Blessed Mikhail Klopsky 38. In his mature years, John retired to Otnya Pustyn, 50 versts from Novgorod; The hermitage was then poor and had only recently been founded by Archimandrite Khariton, who had retired from the south from persecution 39 . Here John took monastic vows with the name of Jonah. For a pure and ascetic life, the brethren, after the death of the founder Chariton, elected Jonah as abbot. The Novgorodians, seeing the selfless zeal of the new abbot for their monastery, fell in love with the abbot and the monastery and began to generously do charity to the latter. In 1452, a magnificent stone church of the Three Saints was built in the poor Otney Hermitage. Skilled painters, the best of that time, painted icons for the iconostasis; the walls of the church were also with St. images; St. the vessels were silver, decorated with stones; St. The Gospel was subject to an expensive fee 40. In 1458, the Novgorodians elected the zealous abbot Jonah as archbishop of Novgorod and in February. In 1459 he was dedicated in Moscow by High Hierarch Jonah 41. He had barely returned to Novgorod when the violence of the proud Roman ruler caused alarm in the south-west of Russia and in Moscow: the favorite of Isidore Gregory arrived from Rome in Lithuania, ordained Metropolitan of Russia by the Uniate Gregory Mamma. Saint Jonah sent the Novgorod archpastor a letter with convictions to protect himself and his flock from relations with the envoy of predatory Rome 42. At first the blessed archpastor had to work doubly hard. He reviewed the cases left unfinished by his predecessor and kept an eye on dubious individuals. To the consolation of his flock, he showed in court as much truth, regardless of nobility and wealth, as leniency towards weaknesses 43 . Especially, remembering his orphanhood, he used measures to care for orphans and to calm helpless widows. “The widow’s lips blessed you, blessed saint, having been worthy of your protection; you pleased God, following the example of Job, and delivered the oppressed from violence,” so the Church fasted to him 44. In Jan. 1460 arrived in Novgorod. K. Vasily with his sons, Yuri and Andrey. - This time he arrived here peacefully, with the caresses of love, to bow to the Novgorod shrine and receive tribute; and before that, he came here twice with formidable anger at Novgorod’s affection for Shemyaka. The Novgorodians were now conspiring to kill the prince. Vasily. “Madmen! said bl. Archpastor, appearing in their meeting, if you kill the Grand Duke, what will you win? More grief and troubles for Novgorod. His eldest son John, having heard about your villainy, will appear against you with a strong army and devastate your country.” The conspirators understood their position. – The people of Novgorod received the Grand Duke with honors and respect 45. Blazh. The archpastor, for his part, showed all the love and respect for V. to the prince. The prayers of the saint of God Varlaam most of all endeared him to... prince in favor of Novgorod. During your stay in. Prince in Novgorod, a miracle happened. Young man. the prince's bed servant became so ill that he lay dead for several hours; but at the grave of St. Varlaam he came to life and became healthy. Muscovites, led. The prince, his sons and boyars saw this miracle and had to admit that Novgorod was under the cover of heaven. Saint Jonah then decided to commemorate this wondrous event in the memory of posterity 46 . Vel. The prince, bidding farewell to Novgorod, invited St. Jonah to Moscow. It was impossible not to fulfill this desire. the prince and out of respect for him, and even more out of love for Novgorod. The saint went to Moscow with heavy gifts for the leaders. prince: it was both a tribute of gratitude for visiting Novgorod and a request for mercy. Moscow received the virtuous archpastor with great honors: boyars and honorable people met him several miles from Moscow. The High Hierarch of Russia Jonah also received him with love. When the Novgorod Archbishop went to V. to the prince, he was met in the courtyard by the boyars, and his sons led him up the stairs under the arms of his sons. prince; I drove it myself. the prince took him by the hand and led him into his chambers and, “as heavy as the gifts were brought by the archbishop, the prince joyfully received him.” On one of the subsequent visits he led. the prince complained strongly to the archbishop about the citizens of Novgorod and threatened to punish Novgorod with war. The patriotic archbishop begged the leader. The prince should not raise weapons that could harm innocents. “If the sovereign, despite my plea, said the archpastor, raises his hand against the innocent, then let him not forget that discord and envy will arise between his children. The end of your life, prince, is not far away. For the happiness of your heir, I and my flock will fervently pray to God - He will send him freedom from the burdens of Horde power, strengthen and spread his power.” The promise of freedom from the Horde kings delighted the Grand Duke, and he promised to be merciful to Novgorod. The elder archbishop began to cry and wept bitterly. Grand Duke and the Metropolitan, in surprise, asked about the cause of the grief. “Who is able to humiliate and humble such a strong and populous city of mine,” said the archpastor, if the discord of the citizens does not overthrow it? At least in my presence, may the Lord give silence and peace to my people!” The archpastor asked V. k. mercy for the beloved desert - “its own judgment” 47. According to the decision of the Moscow Council of 1460, the logothete Pachomius, an educated Athonite monk, wrote the life of St. Alexia 48. Blazh. the archbishop, in agreement with the high priest, instructed the same Pachomius to compile a biography and services to the Novgorod saints, generously giving him the means of living, gifts and allowances for work. First of all, the life with miracles of St. Varlaam; then the lives of Euthymius and Moses, archbishops 49, were compiled, Rev. Savva Vishersky and blessings. Princess Olga 50, then the services of Rev. Onuphrius, the Baptist, St. Euthymius, Rev. Savva, Prince Gabriel, Chira Icon of the Mother of God 51. – Several liturgical books have reached us, written with the “blessing of Archbishop Jonah” 52. Before his death (March 1461), the great Moscow saint Jonah wished to see the blessed one in Moscow. archbishop, for advice about his successor and with the idea of ​​appointing him to this see. The humble archbishop answered: “I am already old, my legs are weak, I cannot fulfill your desires, holy father; I'll see you in that life." – He sent only his ordinary consent to the election of the one who would be recognized as worthy by the council 53. – The new Metropolitan Theodosius sent the Novgorod Archbishop confirmation to protect the flock from relations with the Uniate Gregory 54. – Leaving no concern for his flock, St. Jonah turned his caring love to the Hermitage. In 1462 he built a stone church in it in honor of St. Forerunner and in the same church a chapel in honor of St. Onufria. The following year they built a warm stone church of St. Nicholas with a brotherly meal. Taking away the deserts through the zeal of the saint from the poor became very sufficient: he gave her several lands and fish lakes, which he bought at his own expense 55. The son of Vasily, John III, was already sitting on the grand-ducal throne (from April 1462). In some cases they saw in Novgorod that the new Grand Duke was dissatisfied with Novgorod. Blazh. the archbishop decided (1463) to go to Moscow. – John received the virtuous shepherd respectfully, asked for his prayers for himself and reminded him of the promise of freedom from the horde. The saint answered: “The Lord will not ignore the tearful prayer of so many oppressed, he will scatter the horde with whatever destinies he knows, if only the sovereign remains in piety and watches over his region with quiet eyes.” - At the same time, he reminded the Grand Duke that his father, firmly believing in the imminent freedom of his fatherland from the Tatar power, wrote in his spiritual testament not to demand from the Novgorod region the tribute that was assigned to the horde 56. M. Theodosius received the Novgorod archpastor with special love. With his charter he confirmed the hierarchical rights of the archbishop and inspired both the clergy and the laity to give him all their due 57 . – For his part, the Novgorod archpastor, on his way to Moscow, promised to build a church for St. Sergius, to whom until then not a single church had been dedicated in Novgorod, and, returning to Novgorod, built and consecrated a church to St. Sergius. On the icon of Sergius that is intact to this day, the venerable one is depicted wearing a belt, giving a name-giving blessing 58 . – It is impossible not to pay attention to the fact that the church of St. Sergius was the only one built by St. Jonah in Novgorod, and his predecessors so diligently built new churches! What does it mean? That, like the predecessors of St. Jonah saw the need for new churches for Novgorod, so St. Jonah no longer saw this need in his time. At St. Jonah had more than 200 churches in Novgorod, including 100 stone ones. At St. Ione Novgorod enjoyed civil peace. John III respected the saint until his grave and even defended his ancient rights to Pskov. In 1464, Pskov twice sent its ambassadors to Moscow to ask the Grand Duke to ordain a special archpastor for Pskov in Moscow. John first replied that this was a great matter and required conciliar consideration 59 ; then, after communicating with the Metropolitan, he announced a decisive refusal to Pskov; and the Metropolitan, for his part, sent a letter with strict condemnation of the vanity of the Pskovites. Blazh. Jonah tried to soften with his love the Pskovites' discontent with their dependence on the Novgorod ruler. For two years they used the lands and waters of the Novgorod department; the archpastor did not demand any reward from them when in 1465 they expressed their submission to him 60 . The next year he went to them in Pskov, and they met him with honor; he stayed with them for a month, performed services, decided court cases, collected the usual offerings from the churches, and in the fourth week he left with honor for Novgorod 61. At the end of 1466, the Novgorod flock suffered greatly from a pestilence; and in 1467 the plague broke out over her in a terrifying form. In Novgorod alone, the number of deaths extended to 48,000 people, including 7,650 monks and nuns and 300 parish priests; In all Novgorod Pyatina, 250,652 people were kidnapped by the infection. One can imagine with what sorrow the heart of the good, patriotic archpastor was crushed. He cried and prayed day and night. In grave sorrow for his flock, he heard a voice: “go in procession to the Nerevsky end, where the image of the God-Receiver Simeon appeared, and the pestilence will stop.” In the Animal Monastery, at the Nerevsky end, there was then a vast monastery for the burial of the unfortunate. The saint went in procession to the Zverin Monastery, made a kneeling prayer before the revealed icon of the righteous man for the quenching of the wrath of God, consecrated the ordinary church in honor of the righteous man and served the liturgy. Then the pestilence stopped 62. In 1469, Pskov once again disturbed its archpastor. On the occasion of the disasters of pestilence and famine, the spiritual people of Pskov offered to support piety at the veche, which, among other things, had weakened due to the bad life of widowed priests and deacons. At the veche, a spiritual administration was established, independent of the archbishop, and it was decided to remove widowed clergy from the priesthood. The saint, decrepit from age, hurried to Pskov. He was received with respect; but when he said that illegal government should be replaced by legal one, he was told that the unrest of the clergy was great and required the closest supervision. The good-natured archpastor answered: I see, children, that there is truth on your side; let St. decide the matter. Metropolitan 63! Metropolitan Philip I sent a brief admonition to Pskov, and Pskov again submitted to the administration of the archbishop. Saint Jonah demanded that all the widowed priests and deacons in Novgorod come to him and, after a strict test, gave written permission to those whose behavior was unquestionable to perform sacred acts, and subjected others to prohibition 64 . Blessed Jonah, having reached a very old age, felt the approach of death and wrote a spiritual will, in which he entrusted his beloved desert to the protection of his successors, and his mortal body to the desert. Having received Holy Communion Tain, he died peacefully on November 5, 1470 65. His holy body was laid in a grave that he himself had prepared in the Forerunner Church of the Otney Hermitage. The coffin remained forever unclosed and the clean body of the saint did not emit the smell of decay 66. St. Jonah is called the miracle worker. Let us give a few of his miracles. The princely warriors, passing into the city of Korela, began to plunder the village of Otney Hermitage. When they announced to their chief that this village was the property of St. Jonah, he said: do not touch the village - the great saint Jonah saved me from the death penalty, to which I was sentenced by the angry king. – The servants of the Streltsy head Dmitry Tretyakov seized a rich farmer from the monastery village of Pamphilus and, extorting part of his estate from him, they put him in chains. Not expecting help from anywhere on earth, he prayed to Saints Nicholas and Jonah to save him. And then, in a subtle dream, two men in light clothes appeared to him and said: “Get up and get out of here.” “I’m in chains,” he answered. “Follow us,” they said. Waking up, he did not feel the shackles on himself, after those who appeared, he jumped out of the room and ran into the house. Many sick people were healed at the saint’s tomb, including three blind men who received their sight. The monastery servant Jacob was possessed and ran into empty places; bound with irons they brought him to the monastery; Once he fell asleep in his cell; a bright man in holy clothes appeared to him and said: “Jacob! The Lord Jesus heals you through me, His servant.” And Jacob became sensible, calm and healthy. This was in 1540 67. Under Metropolitan Kirill (1568–1572) there was a fire in Otney Hermitage. Two of the brothers, remembering that the saint’s tomb was only covered with boards, hastened to take it out of the church. The church burned down; the flame was near the saint’s tomb, but the relics remained safe and sound. Then, at the proposal of the Novgorod Archbishop, it was decided to celebrate the memory of St. miracle worker Jonah 68. Holy Martyrs Galaktion and Epistima Galaktion was the only son of wealthy parents who lived in the city of Emesa in Syria, during the reign of the Roman Emperor Decius. These were pagans, but probably, in their lives, worthy of a special election and blessing of God, which was expressed in the gift of a son to them after they had been married for a long time, had no children and greatly grieved over this deprivation. “In this state, they were once visited by a Christian priest named Onuphry, who came to their house under the guise of a beggar. Having entered into a conversation with the future mother of Galaktion, who warmly received him, he learned from her, among other things, about what was the subject of her constant grief and desires. “Your grief can disappear and your cherished desire can come true,” said the elder, after listening to the kind woman who innocently told him her sincere impressions, “if you pray to the true God, Who alone has the power to fulfill everything through the prayer of those who resort to Him with faith... And, explaining to her how senseless and vain are the hopes of the pagans in their false gods, the elder enlightened her with the knowledge of the true God Jesus Christ. The dark pagan woman warmly embraced the comforting belief in the good and omnipotent Christ; immediately, while secretly from her husband, she received St. baptism and since then she poured out all the strength of her soul in fiery prayer to God - the Creator of all worlds and man. – And God was pleased with the prayers of the newly enlightened woman, and He blessed her by giving her a son. Sometimes, after his birth, the father wanted to make a thanksgiving sacrifice to the gods, then the wife decided to explain to him the falsity of the gods, told him about how she came to the knowledge of the true God, and God helped her enlighten her husband with the Christian truth. Having believed in Christ, he also accepted baptism from the presbyter Onufry, and from then on true Christian piety was established in their house. The parents zealously tried to raise their son as a Christian, and their holy efforts were crowned with blessed success. Galaktion grew up alienated from all earthly attachments and, having reached adolescence, was distinguished by humility and spiritual purity. When he was 24 years old, at the request of his parents, he was betrothed to a girl from a pagan family named Epistima. Having fallen in love with her, Galaktion hastened to bring her the greatest happiness - to know Christ and love Him above all else. Gradually dedicating his beautiful-souled bride to the knowledge of Divine teaching, Galaktion managed to present to her in all its splendor the beauty of the Christian concept of virginity, managed to bring her to the comprehension of the height at which stand those to whom, without forcing or obliging, the word of the Apostle is addressed: “he who is able to contain, let him contain”... Epistima embraced Christianity with all her soul. Galaktion himself baptized her and, together with her, one of his father-in-law’s servants, named Eutolmia, whom he also managed to lead to faith. Afterwards, convinced by her fiancé that for Christians there is no separation, but eternal union in the blissful kingdom of God the Father, Epistima bowed to his desire - instead of marriage, to devote herself to both of them to monastic life. Then they hid on the deserted mountain Publion, near Sinai, and settled: Galaktion in the male community, and Epistima in the female community, not far apart from each other, where they devoted themselves entirely to the service of God. And so they lived, not seeing each other, but without breaking the spiritual connection that united them, which, however, was not slow to turn into eternal communication in another world... The ruler of that country, having learned about the monasteries on Mount Publion and about the Christians hiding in them, who were persecuted and persecuted by decree of Decius, sent soldiers to capture them all. The monks and nuns hastened to hide in the deserts... Galaktion remained in his cell, and the soldiers found him immersed in the reading of St. Scriptures; they took him and brought him to the governor. Having learned about this, Epistima begged the abbess to let her go, so that, together with the betrothed, she could endure torment for Christ and appear united before the face of Him for whose sake they parted on earth... Galaktion rejoiced at Epistima’s decision and aroused in her courage for the upcoming feat. Having interrogated Galaktion and made sure of the firmness of his Christian confession, the ruler ordered to torture him with beatings. Then she undauntedly began to reproach the ruler of Epistim for torturing an innocent person with such cruelty. Torture was the answer to the valiant Christian; she endured them, praising God. Many, struck by her greatness in suffering, believed in her God... Even more irritated by this, the ruler intensified the tests of Christians: he ordered sharp knitting needles to be driven under their fingernails and toes and then to cut off their arms and legs. The martyrs endured torture with unshakable patience, continuing to praise their God. Then their tongues were torn out... Finally, beheading put a limit to their martyrdom and the beginning of their eternal and blissful tranquility in the kingdom of Divine love... Eutolmy the monk, a former servant of Epistima's parents, secretly took the remains of the martyrs and, putting them in a precious vessel, made them an object of general honor. He also wrote the lives of the martyrs Galaktion and Epistima, in which he speaks of himself as a witness and cohabitant of the saints 69. Prologue Nov. 5. Volokol. note from Karamz. 5 Ave. 386. “Memory of the Blessed. Jonah" (ed. in 4 volumes, memorial literature, 27–35) speaks of St. Jonah: “who shone before our eyes, of whose virtues and good deeds we are all a witness and witness.” – Based on these words, one might think that the memoir was written shortly after the death of St. Jonah is one of the witnesses of his life. – But a) there are several chronological inaccuracies in the memory that are not entirely appropriate in the description of a contemporary. - b) About the affairs of St. Ions of time c. John's memoirs say almost nothing, which is again strange in a modern description. - c) At the end of the life it is said: “I received many healings from the body of the holy father, even to this day.” – And according to the description of miracles, the first miracle took place around 1540 under Ivan the Terrible. – d) Finally, the oldest list of memoirs, the synodal one, was written in 1608. However, the writer had in his hands notes about St. Jonah. “I left a small ink, a big memory of the writer; She left the great things as small, and did not write them down, adding them to her other writings. In 1408, “Chariton, Archimandrite of Kiev, erected the Church of the Tree of Three Saints, on Red Island” (Collected fol. IV, 111). In 1420, “two wooden churches were erected in Otni Pustyy and St. Nicholas the Miracle. and Onuphriya led. on Red Island, and was built by Archimandrite Khariton” (Collected l. III, 217. IV, 119). In all likelihood, Archimandrite. Khariton arrived from Kyiv together with the Chernigov boyars and Prince Svidrigail, who came to Moscow in the spring of 1408 (Collected l. V, 257. VI, 136). This does not solve the perplexities of Fr. Macarius (Novgorod. ancient. 1:634). Collection l. III, 240, 241. Memoir p. 30. Nikon. l. V, 284. 285. In the charter of the synod. bib. XV century "in l. 6966 (1458) repose Euthymius Mar. 11; same month On March 19, Jonah, abbot of Oten, was quickly elevated to dominion.” With the blessing of His Grace and Lord Archbishop V. Novgorod and Pskov, Bishop Jonah, a charter was written by the settlers of the Robichinsky volost of the Yuryev Monastery and the abbot Gregory. From its content it is clear that before that there was a dispute with the monastery. Certificate printed in reading total ist. 1861 Minea Nov. M. 1645 Prologue November 5 Collection l. VI, 182. IV, 127. 219. III, 141. Step. book 2, 84. Collection. l. IV, 127. 321–335. Memory. Memories page 31. 32. Blush. music p. 204. 761. Buslaev (chronicle liter. III, 87) is mistaken in thinking that Moscow, following the example of Novgorod, began to describe the lives of saints. Prologue 5 Nov. Memories, page 31. Tolstoy 2. No. 364. III. No. 59. Tsarskogo 103. 132. 133. 326. 379. Music. Blush. 704. Sl. below, pr. 95. Music Blush. 592–595. 597. 704. Services to the Forerunner, etc. Onuphrius were written without a doubt at the time of the consecration of the churches to the Forerunner and Onuphrius in the Otney desert, which took place in 1462. Note. 72. Izv. acad. VI, 296. 297. Service menaions for April, May, July, October, February. Prologue 5 Nov. Collection years. V, 273. Collection years. III, 241. Recollection of Art. 30 confuses the events here, attributing the construction of the Tresvyatitelsky Church to the same time. Collection years. III, 114. Menaion Nov. M. 1645. Macarius of antiquity 1, 105. 2, 105. Recollection, and after it Kostomarov mistakenly attribute the construction of the Sergius Church to the return from the first trip to Moscow. Collection years. IV, 229. The metropolitan’s charter in history. act. No. 1, No. 277. Collection years. III, 141. IV, 127. 132. 229. 230. V, 230. 374. Extract from the Nikolsky chronicler in the railway. m. hour. 80. Collection years. IV, 232. 233. V, 35. East. act. 1, No. 71. Collection. IV, 233. 234. V, 50. Collection years. V, 35. 275. VI, 4. 190. IV, 235. Memory. Collection years. III, 183. The Tale of the Miracles of St. Ions. A Tale of Miracles, St. Jonah is called St. miracle worker in gram. 1563 (Hist. act. 1, 320). Service of St. Ione - at Tsarsky, No. 564, at Rumyantsev, No. 397. In Menaion for the month of November. M. 1645 ff. Macarius of antiquity 1, 197. “Monthly. East." archim. Serg. vol. II, part 2, p. 349.