Изъяснение псалма 42-го.

Ps.42:1. Judge me, O God, and enter into my litigation with the unkind people. Deliver me from the evil and unjust man. "A Psalm to David, not inscribed among the Jews." “Judge me, God, and judge my judgment: deliver me from the unholy tongue, from the unrighteous and deceitful man.” This psalm is not inscribed among the Jews as containing the same thought as the previous psalm. Those who uttered the above words beg God to judge them and the Babylonians, who have shown great cruelty and a brutal heart; which is why they call the Babylonians an unholy tongue, and also their king a flattering and unrighteous man. The prophecy of the wonderful Daniel shows the same thing about him. Ps.43:2. For You are the God of my strength. Why did you reject me? Why do I walk around lamenting from the enemy’s insults? “Are you, O God, my strength? Have you rejected me? And I go around lamenting, and the enemy sometimes insults me?” Again they offer the same prayer, persistently asking to deliver them from the cruelty of their enemies, for which they have always been mournful and despondent. They say: “vskuyu,” not as those who complain, but as those who did not participate in the iniquity of others and, together with these others, were deprived of providence for them from above. However, they say a common prayer for everyone. Ps.42:3. Send Your light and Your truth; may they lead me and bring me to Thy holy mountain and to Thy abodes. “Send Thy light and Thy truth: she will guide me, and lead me to Thy holy mountain and to Thy villages.” Here seventy interpreters changed the tense, and spoke about the future as about the past. Others made a clearer translation: “Send Thy light and Thy truth, which will guide me on the way, and lead me into Thy holy mountain and into Thy villages.” I beg you to send me Divine help. With her, it is possible for me to get rid of bitter slavery, return to my native land and perform legal service in a consecrated church. For the Prophet called the church the villages of God, Zion the holy mountain, and the truthful and saving coming of the Lord light and truth. Just as he calls disasters “myth,” so deliverance from them is “light.” Along with the light, they also ask for truth, as those who beg God to judge them and the Babylonians, and as those who firmly know that God, acting in truth and not in patience, will condemn the Babylonians, and free the Jews from Babylonian slavery. Ps.42:4. And I will come to the altar of God, to the God of my joy and gladness, and on the harp I will praise You, O God, my God! “And I will go down to the altar of God, to God who rejoices my youth: let us confess to Thee on the harp, O God, my God.” Symmachus translated this as follows: “Let me come to the altar of God, to God, the joy of my complacency, and in the psalter I confess to You, O God, my God.” I wish to return, striving to see Your most beloved altar, and through this to see You, the Master, who gives me the reason for all joy and pleasure. There I will sing the usual hymns with the harp, because in Babylon “our organs are on both willows” (Ps. 136:2), considering it a crime of law to serve outside the place dedicated to You. Ps.43:5. Why are you depressed, my soul, and why are you embarrassed? Trust in God; for I will still praise Him, my Savior and my God. “How sorrowful are you, my soul? And are you embarrassing me? Trust in God, for we will confess to Him, the salvation of my face and my God.” And from this it is clear that both psalms have the same idea. Those who utter these words convince themselves to have good hopes, overcome the weakness of cowardice and expect salvation from God, because it will undoubtedly be granted. You might be interested in: