Изъяснение псалма 10-го.

"At the end, a psalm to David." This divine psalm was spoken by David, persecuted by Saul, who advised him to seek salvation in flight. But it also befits everyone who suffers insults and places their trust in God. It is inscribed “to the end” because it contains a prediction about the righteous judgment of God and the punishment to which the lawless will be subjected. Ps.10:1. I trust in the Lord; How then do you say to my soul: “Fly away to your mountain like a bird”? “In the Lord I trust, how do you say to my soul: fly through the mountains like a bird?” Why, he says, do you advise me to flee, to circle around the mountains like a frightened sparrow, to carry the bush here and there, when I have firm trust in God, and with him I am not afraid of enemies? Ps.10:2. For behold, the wicked have drawn their bow, and have set their arrow to the string, to shoot in the darkness at the upright in heart. “Like behold, sinners have made a bow, preparing arrows in Tula, to shoot in the darkness the right in heart.” Other and these words were added to the previous verse, but the continuation of speech does not allow this. For the Prophet adds: Ps.10:3. When the foundations are destroyed, what will the righteous do? Ps.10:4. The Lord is in His holy church, the Lord is His throne in heaven, His eyes behold [on the poor]; His eyelids try the sons of men. Ps.10:5. The Lord tests the righteous, but His soul hates the wicked and those who love violence. “What You have done, they will destroy.” And from this we see that the Prophet addresses these words to God, as if in a conversation, announcing that the enemies have bows and arrows ready, and that their intention is to set nets and ambushes in some darkness on a moonless night. For he called darkness (σκοτομὴνη) the unknown and secrecy of intent; this word means a moonless night. And the Prophet called himself right-hearted, not with the intention of ascribing high virtue to himself, but out of the consciousness that he had never done anything to harm Saul, on the contrary, he showed him great favor. “What You have done, they will destroy.” I did not snatch away, says David, the kingdom, but by Your grace I received the anointing; they are trying to crush me, arming themselves against Your decree. “The righteous man, what will you do? The Lord is in His holy church. Lord, His throne is in heaven: ye shall look upon the poor with His eyes; ye shall test His eyelids, the sons of men.” “The Lord will test the righteous and the wicked.” They treat me wickedly, but You, the righteous Judge, sitting on the heavenly thrones and showing Your presence in the earthly church, see the whole universe; For you, even one eye of knowledge is enough to know all human affairs. You know exactly the actions of both the unrighteous and the righteous, and you weigh the rewards according to your deeds. You should know that the Prophet speaks about eyes, eyelids, thrones and everything else like that sensually, through what a person has, teaching people the divine, and giving names to God’s powers for the members of the human body. “Whoever loves untruth hates his own soul.” He who loves the soul hates untruth; and whoever is disposed towards unrighteousness brings about the destruction of the soul; because he incurs the wrath of God, which the prophetic word describes in detail: Ps.10:6. He will rain burning coals, fire and brimstone on the wicked; and the scorching wind is their share from the cup. “He will rain a net on sinners: fire, and a bogeyman, and a stormy spirit.” The Prophet takes the example of punishments from those already committed against the cities of Sodom. For on those cities “the Lord rained fire from the Lord, and a terror came from heaven” (Gen. 19:24). Therefore, the Prophet threatens the same here, not because God will send exactly the same plagues; on the contrary, in their image David represents all kinds of punishment. "Part of their cup." This, says the Prophet, they acquired by choosing lawlessness as their inheritance. The Prophet here calls punishment a cup. So in another psalm he says: “Like a cup in the hand of the Lord, wine is not dissolved, full of dissolution,” and after a few words: “All the sins of the earth will drink” (Ps. 74:9). Blessed Jeremiah was commanded to offer this cup to the nations (Jer. 25:15). Ps.10:7. For the Lord is righteous, loves righteousness; He sees the righteous in His face. “For the Lord is righteous, and love righteousness, seeing His face righteous.” This, says the Prophet, the Lord of all imposes on those who live wickedly; because He is the source of truth, He rules everything, using righteousness as if instead of some kind of helm. You might be interested in: