Глава 9

1–6. The message of the twelve apostles for preaching. – 7–9. Herod's judgment about Christ. – 10–17. More wonderful is the saturation of the people. – 18–27. Confession of the Apostle Peter and Christ's prediction about His suffering. – 28–45. Transfiguration of the Lord Jesus Christ and healing of a demon-possessed youth. – 46–50. Instructions on humility. – 51–62. Journey of Christ to Jerusalem. Luke 9:1. Having called the twelve, he gave power and authority over all demons and to heal diseases, Luke 9:2. and sent them to preach the Kingdom of God and to heal the sick. Luke 9:3. And he said to them: take nothing for the road: neither staff, nor scrip, nor bread, nor silver, and do not have two clothes; Luke 9:4. and whatever house you enter, stay there and from there go on your journey. Luke 9:5. And if you are not received anywhere, then when you leave that city, shake off the dust from your feet as a testimony against them. Luke 9:6. They went and went through the villages, preaching the gospel and healing everywhere. Evangelist Luke speaks about the Lord’s sending of the 12 apostles to preach, following Mark (Mark 6:7–13). The Evangelist Matthew's instructions to his disciples are much more extensive (Matthew 10). “Not a staff” (verse 3). Here the evangelist Luke agrees not with Mark, but with Matthew (see Mark 6:8; Matthew 10:10). Luke 9:7. Herod the tetrarch heard about everything that Jesus did and was perplexed: for some said that it was John who rose from the dead; Luke 9:8. others that Elijah appeared, and others that one of the ancient prophets was resurrected. Luke 9:9. And Herod said: I have beheaded John; Who is this one about whom I hear such things? And I sought to see Him. (See Mark 6:14–16; Matt 14:1–2). “Who is this...” . In the Evangelist Mark, Herod states definitely that this is the risen John (Mark 6:16), but the Evangelist Luke seems embarrassed to put such an incredible thought into the mouth of Herod, an educated man. “I sought to see Him.” Herod’s conscience troubled him, and he thought of a personal meeting with a mysterious man, perhaps a prophet, to calm his heart. Luke 9:10. The apostles returned and told Him what they had done; and He, taking them with Him, withdrew separately to an empty place, near a city called Bethsaida. Luke 9:11. But the people, having learned, followed Him; and He, having received them, talked with them about the Kingdom of God and healed those who needed healing. Luke 9:12. The day began to turn towards evening. And the twelve came to Him and said to Him: Let the people go, so that they can go to the surrounding villages to spend the night and get food; because we are in an empty place here. Luke 9:13. But He said to them: Give them something to eat. They said: We do not have more than five loaves and two fish; Should we go buy food for all these people? Luke 9:14. For there were about five thousand of them. But He said to His disciples: Seat them in rows of fifty. Luke 9:15. And they did so, and seated everyone. Luke 9:16. He took the five loaves and two fish and looked up to heaven, blessed them, broke them and gave them to the disciples to distribute to the people. Luke 9:17. And they all ate and were filled; and the pieces that remained with them were collected into twelve boxes. The evangelist Luke speaks about the miracle of feeding the people, shortening Mark’s story (Mark 6:30–44; cf. Matt. 14:13–21). It only more accurately determines the direction of the path along which Christ departed. “Near the city...” (verse 10) - more correctly: “toward the city called Bethsaida,” i.e. to the northeastern shore of the Sea of ​​Gennesaret. On Bethsaida, see comments on Mark 6:45. Luke 9:18. At one time, when He was praying in a solitary place, and the disciples were with Him, He asked them: Who do the people say that I am? Luke 9:19. They answered: for John the Baptist, and others for Elijah; others say that one of the ancient prophets has been resurrected. Luke 9:20. He asked them: Who do you say that I am? Peter answered: for the Christ of God. Luke 9:21. But He strictly ordered them not to tell anyone about this, Luke 9:22. saying that the Son of Man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests and the scribes, and be killed, and on the third day rise again. Luke 9:23. To all he said: If anyone wants to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow Me. Luke 9:24. For whoever wants to save his soul will lose it; but whoever loses his life for My sake will save it. Luke 9:25. For what does it profit a man to gain the whole world, but destroy or harm himself? Luke 9:26. For whoever is ashamed of Me and My words, the Son of Man will be ashamed of him when He comes in the glory of His Father and the holy Angels. Luke 9:27. But I tell you truly, there are some standing here who will not taste death until they see the kingdom of God. Evangelist Luke sets out the confession of the Apostle Peter and Christ’s prediction about His suffering in accordance with Mark (Mark 8:27–9:1; cf. Matt. 16:13–28). “As He prayed in a solitary place” (verse 18). Only the Evangelist Luke makes mention of this prayer of Christ. “To all” (verse 23). According to the Gospel of Mark, the Lord at that time called the people who followed Him to Him (Mark 8:34). Luke 9:28. After these words, eight days later, He took Peter, John and James and went up to the mountain to pray. Luke 9:29. And when he prayed, the appearance of His face changed, and His clothes became white and shining. Luke 9:30. And behold, two men talked with Him, who were Moses and Elijah; Luke 9:31. appearing in glory, they spoke of His exodus, which He was about to accomplish in Jerusalem. Luke 9:32. Peter and those with him were burdened with sleep; but when they awoke, they saw His glory and the two men standing with Him. Luke 9:33. And when they departed from Him, Peter said to Jesus: Master! It’s good for us to be here; Let us make three tabernacles: one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah, not knowing what he said. Luke 9:34. While he was saying this, a cloud appeared and overshadowed them; and they were afraid when they entered the cloud. Luke 9:35. And there came a voice from the cloud, saying: This is My Beloved Son; listen to Him. Luke 9:36. When this voice came, Jesus was left alone. And they kept silent and did not tell anyone in those days what they saw. Luke 9:37. The very next day, when they came down from the mountain, many people met Him. Luke 9:38. Suddenly one of the people exclaimed: Teacher! I beg You to look at my son, he is the only one I have: Luke 9:39. the spirit seizes him, and he suddenly cries out, and torments him, so that he emits foam; and forcibly retreats from him, having exhausted him. Luke 9:40. I asked Your disciples to drive him out, but they could not. Luke 9:41. Jesus answered and said: O faithless and perverse generation! How long will I be with you and endure you? bring your son here. Luke 9:42. While he was still walking, the demon overthrew him and began to beat him; but Jesus rebuked the unclean spirit, and healed the boy, and gave him to his father. Luke 9:43. And everyone was amazed at the greatness of God. When everyone was amazed at everything that Jesus did, He said to His disciples: Luke 9:44. put these words in your ears: The Son of Man will be delivered into the hands of men. Luke 9:45. But they did not understand this word, and it was hidden from them, so that they did not comprehend it, and they were afraid to ask Him about this word. Evangelist Luke speaks about the transfiguration of the Lord and the healing of the demon-possessed youth in agreement with Mark (Mark 9:2–32; cf. Matt. 17:1–9, 14–23). But at the same time he introduces some new details into the story. “In eight days” (verse 28) is a rather vague expression. Evangelist Luke probably counts here both the day of the confession of the Apostle Peter and the day of the Transfiguration, so his count is two days longer than that of Matthew and Mark. “And while he prayed” (verse 29; see Luke 3:21). One evangelist Luke speaks about Christ’s prayer before the Transfiguration. “The appearance of the face” (verse 29). Evangelist Luke here combines two expressions of Matthew into one (Matthew 17:2). “Appearing in glory” (verse 31), i.e. in radiance, surrounded by heavenly splendor. “They spoke of His departure” (verse 31). Only the Evangelist Luke notices this. The “exodus” here refers to Christ’s exit from this earthly life through death, resurrection and ascension into heaven (cf. 2 Pet. 1:15). They reasoned about this in order to instill in the representatives of the apostles the confidence that the death of Christ, by which they were so tempted (Matthew 16:22 et seq.), was foreseen in the Old Testament. “They were heavy with sleep...” (verse 32). Only the Evangelist Luke mentions this. In all likelihood, the disciples were sleeping while Christ was praying, and woke up as soon as the light shone from the face of the Lord and Moses and Elijah appeared in the radiance. “When they departed” (verse 33). According to the Gospel of Luke, Peter with his proposal meant to hold back Moses and Elijah who were leaving. “It overshadowed them” (verse 34) - not Moses and Elijah, as B. Weiss interprets, but the disciples, because it is immediately said “and they were afraid” - of course, not Moses and Elijah, but the disciples. “Look at my son” (verse 38), i.e. cast your merciful gaze on him, help him (cf. Luke 1:48). “He is mine alone” (verse 38). This is added by one evangelist Luke. Luke 9:46. The thought came to them: which of them would be greater? Luke 9:47. But Jesus, seeing the thoughts of their hearts, took the child and set him before Him Luke 9:48. and he said to them, “Whoever receives this child in My name receives Me; and whoever receives Me receives Him who sent Me; for whoever is least among you will be great. Luke 9:49. At this John said: Mentor! We saw a man casting out demons in Your name, and we rebuked him, because he did not walk with us. Luke 9:50. Jesus said to him: Do not forbid, for whoever is not against you is for you. Evangelist Luke sets out Christ’s instructions on humility in accordance with Mark (Mark 9:33–40). “He set him before Him” (in Mark – “in the midst of them”). By this the Lord shows that the child is closer to Him than the disciples, who considered themselves higher than all other people. Luke 9:51. When the days of His taking away from the world were approaching, He wanted to go to Jerusalem; Luke 9:52. and He sent messengers before Him; and they went and entered the village of the Samaritans; to prepare for Him; Luke 9:53. but they did not receive Him there, because He appeared to be traveling to Jerusalem. Luke 9:54. Seeing this, His disciples, James and John, said: Lord! Do you want us to tell fire to come down from heaven and destroy them, just as Elijah did? Luke 9:55. But He, turning to them, rebuked them and said: You do not know what kind of spirit you are; Luke 9:56. for the Son of Man came not to destroy the souls of men, but to save. And they went to another village. This section is found only in the Gospel of Luke. “When the days of His taking were drawing near...”. The word "taking" (ἀνάληψις) is used only in this one place, but in subsequent writing it clearly means the ascension of Jesus Christ into heaven (Svitser. Tes., p. 282). Thus, the Evangelist Luke begins here the story of Christ’s journey from Galilee to Jerusalem for the Passover of Passion. This journey, according to Luke’s depiction, was not direct - a direct journey would have required only three days of travel - but a slow walk around those cities and villages of Galilee and Perea, which the Lord wanted to enlighten with the light of the Gospel. At the same time, the intention of Christ to pass through Samaria and the non-acceptance of Him by the Samaritans is indicated, followed by the circumambulation of Galilee again, and then again the appearance of Christ on the borders of Samaria (Luke 17:11). “I wanted to go to Jerusalem.” More precisely: “he turned his face towards Jerusalem” (τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἐστήριξε – Hebraism; cf. Jer. 21:10; 42:15). Thus, Jerusalem henceforth becomes the point where Christ’s gaze is constantly turned. “To prepare for Him” (verse 52), i.e. to prepare the Samaritans for His arrival, since the Samaritans, as can be seen from the next 53rd verse, disapproved of Christ's journey to Jerusalem, where, as they believed, Christ would declare himself king. It was extremely unpleasant for them that their enemies, the Jews, would be awarded such great mercy from the One Whom they had already recognized (John 4) as the Messiah (cf. Matthew 11:3). “Seeing it” (verse 54), i.e. Having learned about this from the returning “messengers”. To the angry statement of the sons of Zebedee, whom the Lord himself called the sons of thunder (Mark 3:17), who wanted, like Elijah the prophet, to bring down fire on the foolish Samaritans, the Lord replies that they do not understand, it is obvious that, as disciples of Christ, living already in the New Testament, and not in the Old, like Elijah, they should not resort to those harsh measures of admonition that the prophets of the Old resorted to Testament. And Elijah also had the Spirit of God in Himself, but that Spirit was different, manifesting itself differently than the Spirit under the influence of which the disciples of Christ are. “What kind of spirit are you” (verse 55). The word “Spirit” should be written with a capital letter, and not with a lowercase letter, as in the Russian translation, because the Greek expression είναι πνεύματος means to stand, to be dependent on the Spirit - of course, God. Wed. Mark 9:41. “Another village” (verse 56) – most likely, no longer Samaritan. The Lord is probably walking through Galilee and Perea, where pilgrims from the north usually went to Jerusalem. Luke 9:57. It happened that while they were on the way, someone said to Him: Lord! I will follow You wherever You go. Luke 9:58. Jesus said to him: Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests; but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head. Luke 9:59. And he said to another: follow me. He said: Lord! let me first go and bury my father. Luke 9:60. But Jesus said to him: Let the dead bury their dead, and you go and preach the Kingdom of God. Luke 9:61. Another one said: I will follow You, Lord! but first let me say goodbye to my family. Luke 9:62. But Jesus said to him, “No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the kingdom of God.” The Evangelist Luke sets out, in accordance with Matthew (cf. Matt. 8:19–22), the Lord’s answers to those who wanted to follow Him. It is difficult to say why he attributes this event to the time of Christ’s journey to Jerusalem, when, according to the Evangelist Matthew, it took place much earlier. Perhaps it seemed more decent to him to place this story here, as it somewhat reveals the state of affairs at that time. Christ goes to death and those who want to become His disciples seem to sense the danger that Christ’s disciples must soon be exposed to, and they ask Him to allow them to say goodbye to their relatives, whom they will no longer see... As for Christ’s first answer - about the lack of shelter, it was just approaching the present circumstances, when the Samaritans had just refused to accept Christ. “But you go, preach the kingdom of God” (verse 60). This addition, made only by the Evangelist Luke, somewhat softens the seemingly harsh response of the Lord to the request of one who wanted, or, more precisely, was called by the Lord to follow Him. Now - as if the Lord is saying - time is precious: the Kingdom of God or the Kingdom of the Messiah must soon open, and people must be prepared for this as soon as possible. "Another said." This request and the Lord’s answer to it (verses 61–62) are found only in the Evangelist Luke. The petitioner, apparently, has not yet completely decided whether to follow Him - he, apparently, wants to consult with his family, hiding this intention under the guise of a natural desire to say goodbye to them. The Lord in his parable speech says that you cannot take on a new ministry with any doubts. No, you need to surrender to it completely, sincerely, with all your heart, otherwise such a student will continue to look back afterward, like a plowman who is not interested in his work. 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