Глава 48

1–47. Prophecy about Moab. Jeremiah 48:1–47. The Prophet follows with his gaze the movement from one place to another of the enemy troops invading the land of Moab. The enemy is coming from the north - from Heshbon, and not a single city of Moab can withstand him. The Moabites flee to the south. In this devastation of the Moabite country, the prophet sees the righteous judgment of God for the arrogance with which Moab treated the chosen people. Death, deprivation of wealth, captivity - this is what awaits the Moabites. However, in the distant future the prophet sees the restoration of the Moabite state. Jer.48:1. This is what the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, says about Moab: Woe Nebo! he is devastated; Kariathaim was put to shame and taken; Mizgav is disgraced and crushed. About Moab - see Isaiah 15.1. – Neva – see Isaiah 15.2. – Cariathaim is a city located 10 Roman miles west of Medeva. – Mizgav is a fortress, probably another name for Kirchares, the main stronghold of Moab (Isaiah 15.1). Jer.48:2. The glory of Moab is no more; in Heshbon they are plotting evil against him: “Come, let us destroy him from among the nations.” And you, Madmena, will perish; the sword follows you. "Heshbon", an Ammonite city (see Jer 49.3), and formerly a Moabite city (Isaiah 15:4, 16:8, 9). From here the enemy rushes to conquer the Moabite country. – “Madmena” is probably the same as Medeva (Is.15.2). Jer.48:3. A cry is heard from Oronaim, devastation and great destruction. "Oronaim" is the same as Horonaim in Isaiah 15.5. Jer.48:4. Moab is crushed; his children raised a cry. “His children” – in Hebrew. Zeireiha, but it seems more correct, according to LXX, to read Zoara - “to Zoar.” The Moabites run screaming to the city of Zoar, which lay in the south of the country of Moab (in Isaiah - Zoar, Isaiah 15.5). Jer.48:5. On the ascent to Luhit, cry after cry rises; and on the descent from Oronaim the enemy hears a cry of ruin. Jer.48:6. Run for your life, and be like a naked tree in the desert. Jer.48:7. Because you trusted in your works and in your treasures, you too will be taken, and Chemosh will go into captivity along with his priests and his princes. "Chemos" is the national god of Moab. Jer.48:8. And the desolator will come against every city, and the city will not survive; and the valley shall perish, and the plain shall be desolate, as the Lord hath spoken. “As the Lord said” - through the mouth of the prophet Isaiah, even before Amos. Jer.48:10. Cursed is he who does the work of the Lord carelessly, and cursed is he who keeps His sword from bleeding! A curse or grief awaits the one who spares Moab. Jer.48:11. Moab was at peace from his youth, he sat on his yeast, and was not overfilled from vessel to vessel, and did not go into captivity; That is why its taste remained in it, and its smell did not change. Wine, when poured from vessel to vessel, loses its original taste and aroma. The Moabites, whom no one had taken captive until now, retained, like untouched wine, all their distinctive properties. Jer.48:13. And Moab will be put to shame because of Chemosh, just as the house of Israel was put to shame because of Bethel, its hope. Bethel was the main sanctuary of the kingdom of Israel (Am 3.14). Jeremiah 48:18. Come down from the heights of greatness and sit in thirst, daughter, inhabitant of Dibon, for the desolator of Moab will come to you and destroy your fortifications. "Divon" - see (Is.15:2). Jeremiah 48:19. Stand by the road and look, inhabitant of Aroer, ask the one running and saving himself: “What happened?” "Aroer" - see Isaiah 17.2. Some believe that Aroer, which lay on the banks of the Arnon stream, had a convenient passage across this river, and therefore the Maovites fleeing from the north must have passed by Aroer. Jeremiah 48:20. Moab is put to shame, for he is crushed; howl and cry, declare in Arnon that Moab is desolate. Here is the answer to the question of the residents of Aroer. Jer.48:21. And judgment came to the plains, to Chalon, and to Jaaz, and to Mophath, Halon, Yaatza and Mophath are the cities of the plain of Moab. Jer.48:22. and on Divon and on Neva, and on Beth-Divlafaim, Jer.48:23. and to Kariathaim, and to Beth Hamul, and to Beth Maon, "Beth Divlafayim" - the location of this city is unknown. The same must be said about Bet-Gamul e. – “Beth Maon” – southwest of Medeva. Jer.48:24. and to Kerioth and to Bozor, and to all the cities of the land of Moab, far and near. "Kerioth" is probably the same as Ar-Moab, which is not mentioned here. - “Bosrah” is the city of Moab, which should not be confused with either Bozroya of Edomite or Bozroya of Hauran. Jer.48:26. Make him drunk, for he has exalted himself against the Lord; and let Moab wallow in his vomit, and he himself will be a mockery. Moab must be given the wine of God's wrath to drink (Jer 13.13, 25.15). Jer.48:27. Was not Israel a mockery of you? Was he caught among thieves, so that you would shake your head as soon as you started talking about him? If Jehovah was angry with Israel, then Moab had, in any case, no right to mock the chosen people: he himself was not at all superior to them. Jer.48:28. Leave the cities and live on the rocks, O people of Moab, and be like the doves that make their nest in the mouth of a cave. Wild pigeons often build their nests over steep cliffs and precipices. At the entrance to the cave - more precisely, “on the other side of the abyss” that separates them from their pursuers. Jeremiah 48:29. We have heard about the pride of Moab, excessive pride, about his arrogance and his arrogance, and his arrogance and the exaltation of his heart. Jeremiah 48:31. Therefore I will howl for Moab and cry out for all Moab; they will sigh for the men of Kirchares. Jer.48:32. I will weep for you, O vineyard of Sebom, we will weep for Jazer; your branches stretched beyond the sea, reaching to the lake of Jazer; the destroyer has attacked your summer fruits and your ripe grapes. Free transfer Is 16.8–9. “We weep for Jazer” - that is, as I cry for Jazer. Lake Jazer - in Heb. more precisely: the Sea of ​​Jazer. Perhaps Jeremiah is referring here to the large ponds - Sevam and Jazer, which were formed by the river Jazer (now called Sir), flowing into the Jordan, traces of which still exist. Jeremiah 48:33. Joy and gladness were taken away from Carmel and from the land of Moab. I will put an end to wine in the winepress; they will no longer trample on them with songs; there will be a cry of abuse, not a cry of joy. Carmel is a common noun here: “fertile hill.” This is the name of the Moabite Plain, which was noted for its fertility. Jer.48:34. From the cry of Heshbon to Elealah and to Jaatzah, they will lift up their voice from Zoar to Oronaim, to the third Eglah, for the waters of Nimrim will dry up. See Isaiah 15.4–6. – “Oronaim” is here called the third Egla, see Isaiah 15.5. Jer.48:35. I will destroy from Moab, says the Lord, those who offer sacrifices on the high places and burn incense to its gods. Jer.48:36. That is why my heart groans for Moab like a pipe; for the inhabitants of Kirchares my heart groans like a pipe, for the wealth they acquired has perished: Free transfer of Is 16.11 and Is 15.7. Jeremiah 48:38. There is a general cry on all the roofs of Moab and in its streets, for I have crushed Moab like an obscene vessel, says the Lord. Jeremiah 48:40. for thus says the Lord: Behold, he will swoop down like an eagle and spread his wings over Moab. "Eagle" is the king of Babylon (Ezek 17.3). Jer.48:43. Terror and pit and noose are for you, O inhabitant of Moab, said the Lord. Jer.48:44. Whoever runs away from horror will fall into a pit; and whoever comes out of the pit will fall into the snare, for I will bring upon him, upon Moab, the time of visitation against them, says the Lord. Jeremiah 48:45. Under the shadow of Heshbon the runners stopped, exhausted; but fire came out of Heshbon, and flame from the midst of Sihon, and shall devour the side of Moab and the crown of the rebellious sons. There is a similarity here with the book. Numbers 21:28–29, which talks about the flames of war that from Heshbon (under Sihon) devoured the Moabite country. The same thing will happen again: destruction will come from Heshbon to Moab (cf. v. 2). - “Under the Shadow of Heshbon.” The meaning of this difficult expression and the words that follow it is best conveyed this way: the Moabites will not find salvation. They will approach Heshbon, a strong city, but this city is already occupied by enemies, and from here, not salvation, but fire will come to the land of Moab. This city, the ancient dwelling of King Sihon, will erupt in flames (enemy troops who will have a stronghold in this city) and this flame will burn Moab - its sides and crown, that is, it will reach the extreme points of the land of Moab and its most fortified and elevated points. - Rebel sons - the name of the Moabites, who were constantly ready to attack the Jews and cause confusion among them. Jer.48:47. But in the last days I will bring back the captivity of Moab, says the Lord. Until now the judgment is on Moab. “Last days” - see Jeremiah 23.20. Special note. How can we explain the close similarity of many expressions of the prophecy about Moab to the prophecies of Isaiah (Isaiah 15 and Isaiah 16)? It can be assumed that the prophetic sayings about neighboring peoples, compiled by the ancient prophets, were considered by the Jews to be a common national heritage and were constantly repeated, so that Jeremiah naturally spoke in his prophecy with these words of Isaiah, familiar to the ears of the Jews. In the same way, he obviously uses the sayings of Moses, Amos and Zephaniah, which are well known to the people. – As for the fulfillment of Jeremiah’s threats, they were realized under Nebuchadnezzar, who in the fifth year after the destruction of Jerusalem conquered the Ammonites and Moabites (Josephus Jude. Ancient. 10:9, 7). You might be interested in: