Псалом 1

In the Hebrew, Greek and Latin Bibles, this psalm is not inscribed with the name of David. The psalm does not contain indications by which one could identify either the writer of the psalm or the time and circumstances of its origin. The content generally speaks of the fate of the righteous and the wicked, which is why this psalm can be considered as an introduction to the entire Psalter, which is most concerned with depicting the fate of the righteous and the wicked. In many ancient Greek manuscripts, when the book. Acts cites a passage from the present second psalm: “Thou art my son, this day I begot thee” (Ps. 2:7; Acts 13:33), then he says that it is in the first psalm (ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ψαλμῷ). The latter indicates that once the real first and second psalms constituted one, the first psalm, which is why the writer of the latter was the same person as the writer of the real second psalm, and it was written for the same reason as the last, i.e., during the time of David, by David, regarding his war with the Syrian-Ammonites (see Ps. 2) Whoever does not act wickedly, but always follows the Law of God, is blessed as a tree planted by the water (1-3). The wicked will be rejected by God (4-6). Ps.1:1. Blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked, and does not stand in the way of sinners, and does not sit in the seat of the wicked, “Blessed” is synonymous with the expression “happy.” By the latter we must understand both external earthly well-being (verse 3), and reward at God’s judgment, that is, spiritual, heavenly bliss. “Husband”, a part instead of the whole (metonymy) – a person in general. “Wicked” - internally disconnected from God, having and spiritually living in moods that disagree with the sublime commandments of the law: “sinner” - strengthening his bad inner mood in corresponding external actions, “corrupter” (Heb. letsim, Greek λοιμός - scoffer) - not only acting personally evil, but also mocking the righteous race life. “Doesn’t walk, ... doesn’t stand, ... doesn’t sit” - three degrees of deviation towards evil, whether in the form of an internal, although dominant, but not constant attraction to it (“doesn’t walk”), or in strengthening evil in oneself through external actions (“not worth it”), or in a complete deviation towards it, reaching the external struggle with the divine teaching and the propaganda of one’s views. Ps.1:2. but his will is in the law of the Lord, and on His law he meditates day and night! Characteristics of the righteous on the positive side. - “His will is in the law of the Lord.” – “Will” is the mood, the attraction of the righteous to the “law of the Lord,” not only to that which is expressed in the decalogue of Moses, but to the entire Divine revelation. “Meditate... day and night” - always coordinate your behavior with this revelation, which requires constant remembrance of it (see Deut. 6:6-7). Ps.1:3. And he will be like a tree planted by streams of water, which brings forth its fruit in its season, and whose leaf does not wither; and in everything he does, he will succeed. The consequence of the internal assimilation of the law by the righteous and life according to it will be his external well-being and success in business. Just as a tree growing near water constantly has moisture for its development, and therefore becomes fruitful, so the righteous man “succeeds in everything he does,” since God protects him. Ps.1:4. Not so - the wicked, [not so]: but they are like dust swept away by the wind [from the face of the earth]. Ps.1:5. Therefore the wicked will not stand in judgment, nor sinners in the assembly of the righteous. Ps.1:6. For the Lord knows the way of the righteous, but the way of the wicked will perish. This is not the case of the wicked. They are like “dust”. Dust, chaff, easily blown away by the wind; their external position is unstable and fragile. Since the wicked are penetrated and do not live according to the commandments of God, they cannot “stand in judgment” before Him and cannot be where the righteous will be gathered (“in the assembly”), since the Lord “knows” (in the sense of cares, loves), and therefore rewards the behavior (“path” - activity, its direction) of the righteous, and destroys the wicked. These verses do not indicate exactly what God's judgment is - whether on earth, during a person's life, or after his death. But in both cases the same meaning remains - the Lord will reward only the righteous. The history of the Jewish people presents many facts showing that even during earthly life, when the Lord is a judge of man, He punishes the wicked. But since man’s existence is not limited to the earth, the final judgment on him will be carried out on the last day, that is, at the Last Judgment (cf. Matt. 3:12; 1 Cor. 6:2). You might be interested in: