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1–24. The descendants of David before Elio and the seven sons of the latter. The genealogy of David set forth in this chapter is a continuation of the line of Aram, brought in (1 Chronicles 2:10-17) to Jesse and then interrupted by the presentation of the genealogy of Caleb and Jerahmeel. The generation of David is divided by the author into three groups: the sons of David, with the exception of children from concubines (1 Chronicles 3:1–9); the kings of the house of David from Solomon to Jeconiah and Zedekiah (1 Chronicles 3:10–16) and the descendants of Jeconiah, ending with the seven sons of Elioen (1 Chronicles 3:17–24). 1 Chronicles 3:1. The sons of David, born to him in Hebron, were: the firstborn Amnon, from Ahinoam the Jezreelite; the second is Daluiah, from Abigail the Carmelite; 1 Chronicles 3:2. the third is Absalom, the son of Maacah, daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur; fourth - Adonijah, son of Haggith; 1 Chronicles 3:3. fifth – Safatiya, from Avital; sixth - Ifream, from Aglaya his wife - 1 Chronicles 3:4. six born to him in Hebron; He reigned there for seven years and six months; and he reigned in Jerusalem for thirty-three years. The six sons of David, born during his reign in Hebron (v. 4), are also listed in (2 Sam. 3:2-5). The difference between the one and the other list is that the second son is called in the book. Kings is not Daniel, as here according to the Hebrew and Greek lists, but Chilav, or, according to LXX, Daluiah. According to Keil's explanation, the difference in the name of David's second son is due to the fact that he had two names. Others suggest that in the book. Tsars Khilav is not a proper name, but a common noun - “resembling his father.” But in this case, the question arises, why is only one son not named by his own name? Finally, the third, taking into account that the names of the Greek text Daluiah and Daniel are more similar in Hebrew to each other than Hilav and Daniel, suggest corruption of the Hebrew text in the book. Kingdoms About Ammon's mother Ahinoam and about himself, see (1 Samuel 25:43,27:3) and (2 Kings 13:1). About Abigail, the mother of Daniel, see (1 Samuel 25:3). 1 Chronicles 3:5. And these were born to him in Jerusalem: Shima, Shobab, Nathan and Solomon, four of Bathsheba the daughter of Ammiel; 1 Chronicles 3:6. Ibhar, Elishama, Eliphelet, 1 Chronicles 3:7. Nogag, Nepheg, Japhia, 1 Chronicles 3:8. Elishama, Eliada and Eliphelet - nine. 1 Chronicles 3:9. Here are all the sons of David, except the sons from his concubines. Their sister Tamar. Thirteen sons of David, four of them from Bathsheba, born in Jerusalem, are listed in (1 Chronicles 14:7–11) when outlining the history of his reign, as well as in (2 Samuel 5:14–16). In the last place only 11 sons are shown; the last two are omitted, it is believed, because they died very early. The mother of the first four sons is called in the Hebrew text of this verse Bat-Schua, and in a parallel place (2 Sam. 11:3) Bat-Scheba; her father is Gamiel, and there is Eligam, and, finally, our eldest is Shimga, and in (2 Samuel 5:14) and (1 Chronicles 14:4) - Shamuah. As for the father’s names, their meaning is the same: both are composed of two words: “am” - “people” and “El” - “God”, only these components are located in the names in the reverse order. The Bat-Scheba form is considered more ancient than the Bat-Schua; the name Chamois is more correct, since it appears twice. Features of reading the book. Paralipomenon occurred due to the omission of one letter - “e”. The name Elishama, replaced in (2 Samuel 5:15) and (1 Chronicles 14:5) - Elishua, is considered erroneous. Among the names of the sons of David, it is repeated twice in chapter 3 (1 Chronicles 3:8), while in it the name of the prince is completely omitted. Kingdoms Eliphelet and Nogah are omitted in (2 Samuel 5:14–16), either because these children of David, as stated above, died early, or because the names consonant with them - Nepheg and Eliphelet - are found somewhat lower. Instead of the name El-yaday of the present verse and (2 Samuel 5:16) in (1 Chronicles 14:7) there is another form - Vegel-yaday; but it is hardly correct, since the Alexandrian and Syriac translations (1 Chronicles 14:4) read El-Yadai. The existence of David's concubines is confirmed (2 Samuel 5:13,15:16,20:3). Tamar is hardly David's only daughter; rather, it is the only one known in history. 1 Chronicles 3:15. The sons of Josiah were the firstborn Jehoahaz, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. As can be seen from the book. the prophet Jeremiah (Jer. 22:11), the name Sellum was borne by Josiah's son Jehoahaz, who reigned immediately after the death of his father (2 Kings 23:30; 2 Chronicles 36:1). In addition to Sellum Joahaz, the historical books of the Old Testament know two more sons of Josiah - Jehoiakim and Zedekiah (2 Kings 33:34, 24:17), and nowhere do they mention the elder Johanan, either because he died early, or because there was nothing to say about him. However, some, both ancient (Sebastian Schlidt) and new (Hitzig) exegetes, doubt the validity of the calculation of the sons of Josiah in this verse, and consider Joahaz to be one and the same person as the firstborn Johanan. But they speak against such identification (2 Kings 23:31,36) and (2 Chronicles 36:2,5). From a comparison of these two places it is clear that Joachim was two years younger than Joachim (Joachim was 23 years old at the time of his accession; Joachim, who replaced him three months later, was 25 years old), therefore, he could not be the firstborn. As an error of the author, Chronicles further points out that, placing Jehoahaz-Sellum in last place among the sons of Josiah, he considers him the youngest, while in reality Zedekiah is the youngest: he was 13-14 years younger than Joahaz. Sellum was 23 years old at his accession to the throne; Zedekiah, who reigned 11 years later (the years of the reign of Joachim and Jehoiachin), was only 21; Jehoahaz, therefore, was 34 years old at this time (2 Kings 23:31,24:18). But the distribution of the sons of Josiah observed by the author is not explained by a mistake or ignorance of the matter, or by special considerations. Zedekiah is counted immediately after Joachim and before Sellum, firstly, because both of them, Joachim and Zedekiah, ruled the same number of years, namely 11; and secondly, because Zedekiah and Shallum had the same mother - Hamutala (2 Kings 23:31,24:18), while Joachim was the son of Zabbada (2 Kings 23:36). By age they should be distributed as follows: Joachanan, Joachim, Sellum and Zedekiah; and taking into account the time of the reign of Shallum, he would have to be placed before Jehoiakim (2 Kings 23:31,34). But in either case, the children of Hamutala would have been separated, to avoid which Sellum is counted after his maternal brother Zedekiah. 1 Chronicles 3:16. The sons of Joachim: Jehoiachin his son; Zedekiah his son. Jeconiah is the son of Joachim and his successor to the throne (2 Chronicles 36:8). "Zedekiah his son". Since the expression “his son” in the entire previous genealogy indicates a well-known person as the son of a previously named one, and such is Jeconiah, then, obviously, Zedekiah is the son of Jeconiah, the grandson of Joachim and the great-grandson of Josiah. If Zedekiah of verse 16 is the son of Jeconiah, then he must be distinguished from Zedekiah of verse 15 - the third son of Josiah, who occupied the throne after his nephew Jehoiachin and received this name from Nebuchadnezzar (2 Kings 24:17). As a comparison of verses 16 and 17 shows, Zedekiah is counted separately from his brothers. This circumstance supposedly means that he, perhaps the firstborn of Jehoiachin, was not taken into captivity with his father (2 Kings 24:15), but died before this event. 1 Chronicles 3:17. The sons of Jehoiachin: Asher, Shealtiel his son; 1 Chronicles 3:18. Malkiram, Pedaiah, Shenazar, Hezekiah, Goshama and Shebadiah. 1Пар.3:19 . And the sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel and Shimei. And the sons of Zerubbabel: Meshullam and Hananiah, and Shelomith their sister, 1Пар.3:20 . and five more: Hashuva, Ogel, Berechiah, Hassadiah and Jushav Chesed. 1Пар.3:21 . And the sons of Hananiah: Phelatiah and Isaiah; his son Rephaiah, his son Arnan, his son Obadiah, his son Shechaniah. 1Пар.3:22 . Son of Shechaniah: Shemaiah; the sons of Shemaiah: Hattush, Igeal, Bariah, Neariah and Shaphat, six. 1Пар.3:23 . The sons of Neariah: Elioenai, Hezekiah and Azrikam, three. 1Пар.3:24 . The sons of Elioe: Godaviahu, Eleashib, Phelaiah, Akkub, Jochanan, Delaiah and Anani, seven. Descendants of Jehoiachin up to the seventh son Elio. Taking into account the meaning of the name Assir - “captive”, Luther, Berthold, Zokler propose instead of the accepted reading: “sons of Jeconiah: Assir, Salafiel his son”, another: “sons of Jeconiah, taken into captivity.” The following considerations are given in favor of the reliability of such a translation: the absence of Asher as an intermediary person between Jehoiachin and Salathiel in the genealogy of Ev. Matthew; the absence after the name Asher of the expression “his son” (Jechoniah), which, however, occurs after the name Salafiel; for its part, this last one, as standing in the singular, shows that Asher and Salafiel cannot be considered brothers - the children of Jehoiachin. Zerubbabel (“born in Babylon”) is the leader of the Jews who returned from Babylonian captivity and one of the builders of the second church (1 Ezra 3:8,4:2, etc.). In (1 Ezra 3:2,8; Hagg. 1:1; Matt. 1:13; Luke 3:27) Zerubbabel is called the son of Shealtiel, and in the present verse - the son of Pedaiah. To resolve this disagreement, exegetes make various assumptions. Some think that he was the son of Pedaiah by birth and Salafiel by right of life; others - Tremellius, Gitzig consider Pedaiah and all the persons mentioned in 1 Chronicles 3 not the brothers of Shelaphiel, but his sons. Assuming this, Zerubbabel will be the grandson of Shealtiel - a son not in the proper sense. It is difficult to say which of these guesses is correct. The name of the second son of Pedaiah is not found anywhere, but the names of the children of Zerubbabel express the faith and hope of the Jews who returned from captivity: Meshullam - friend of God; Hananiah is the mercy of the Lord. Shelomith is called the sister of Meshullam and Hananiah by birth with them from the same mother. She divides Zerubbabel's family into two groups: one consisting of two sons, and the other of five (1 Chronicles 3:20). It is possible that the second is younger: its members were born upon returning from captivity. Both grandsons (Phelatiah and Isaiah) of Zerubbabel are unknown, but their lives must fall during the time of Ezra. It is difficult to say in what relation the following persons stand to Zerubbabel and his grandchildren. True, Berthold understands the literal reading of this passage: “the sons of Rephai, the sons of Arnon, the sons of Obadi, the sons of Shechaniah” in the sense that all these persons, ending with Shechaniah, are the sons of Hananiah, i.e. grandchildren of Zerubbabel. “Since the sons of Rephai, Arnon, etc.,” he says, “stand on the same line with the previous names - Phelatiah and Isaiah, and since the continuation of the race (1 Chronicles 3:22) is added to the one named at the end (1 Chron. 3:21) Shechaniah, then we are forced to accept that Felatiah, Isaiah, Rephai, Arnon, Obadiah and Shechaniah are without distinction the sons Hanania." Taking further into account that in the following verses (1 Chronicles 3:22-24) the family of Shechaniah is drawn through four generations (Shechaniah, Shemaiah, Neariah, Elioenai), therefore, the entire family of Zerubbabel consists of six generations, the same Berthold and others claim that its last representatives lived around 350 BC, earlier than which time the book itself could not have been written. Paralipomenon. But Berthold’s consideration and the conclusions based on it would be valid only if instead of the words: sons of Refai, sons of Arnon, there were only the names Refai, Arnon, etc. But there is nothing like this: Felatya and Isaiah and the sons of Rephai, the sons of Arnon are far from being on the same line. The first may be the sons of Hananiah, but they cannot be the sons of Rephai, Arnon, etc. The latter may be the grandchildren of Hananiah, if only we assume that Rephai and Arnon were the brothers of Phelatiah and Isaiah, the sons of Hananiah. But this assumption has no basis in view of the corruption of the Hebrew text in this verse, recognized by many exegetes. Namely, in it four times the word “son” refers to one proper name in the plural (benei), whereas by analogy with the previous verses there should be “his son.” Thanks to this, the reading “sons of Rephai”, “sons of Arnon”, contains an indication of some impersonal, nameless sons, offers such a calculation of offspring, the like of which is not found in other places in the book of Chronicles. The corruption of the Hebrew text is also suggested by the LXX translation, which offers its own reading: “the sons of Hananiah: Phalettia and Jessias his son, Raphalus his son, Orna his son,” etc. But the Greek text is not free from incorrectness: judging by the expression “sons”, Hananiah should have two sons - Phelatiah and Isaiah; but the addition of the remark “his son” to the last name makes one consider Isaiah the son of Phelatiah - Hananiah turns out to have one son. The authentic Jewish reading of this verse. is: “the sons of Shechaniah - Shamaiah and the sons of Shemaiah: Hattum”, etc. Five sons of Shemaiah are named by name, and their total number is six. To explain this disagreement, some suggest the omission of the name, while others insist on a textual error reflected in the name of Hattusha and the other 5 persons listed below as “sons” of Shemaiah. He is not their father, but their brother; and then there are indeed six sons of Shechaniah. If it is difficult to establish a family relationship between Zerubbabel and “the sons of Rephai, the sons of Arnon,” then it is likely that the persons in verse 22 and subsequent verses are not his direct descendants. This is guaranteed by the fact that in the genealogy of Jesus Christ, according to the Evangelist Matthew, there is not a single name similar to the names listed here. True, in genealogical tables the middle members are often omitted. But it is hardly possible to assert that the evangelist, who set himself the goal of presenting the Savior’s genealogy more fully, missed a whole series of names. You might be interested in: