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Samuel's call to prophetic ministry.
1 Samuel 3:1. The youth Samuel served the Lord under Elijah; the word of the Lord was rare in those days, visions were not frequent.
“The Word of the Lord” - through the prophets, the revelation of the will of God through visions were not frequent in those days.
1 Samuel 3:2. And it came to pass while Eli lay in his place, and his eyes began to close, and he could not see,
“In its place” - near the threshold of the tabernacle.
1 Samuel 3:3. and the lamp of God had not yet gone out, and Samuel lay in the church of the Lord, where the ark of God was;
“The lamp of God (which was in the sanctuary) had not yet gone out,” the fire in the lamp lamps was lit by the priests in the evening and burned all night until the morning, and was extinguished in the morning (Ex. 27:21. Comp. 1 Sam. 30: 7–8; Lev. 24: 2–4). Monitoring the serviceability of the lamp lamps, especially at night, was obviously entrusted by the priests to the youth Samuel, which forced him to spend this time “in the church of the Lord, where the Ark of God is,” more precisely, in the first (from the entrance) compartment of this church, or tabernacle, i.e. in the sanctuary.
1 Samuel 3:11. And the Lord said to Samuel, Behold, I will do a work in Israel, which shall make both his ears tingle when he hears it;
“It will ring in both ears” - from horror (cf. 2 Kings 21:12; Jer. 19:3).
1 Samuel 3:12. On that day I will do to Eli all that I have spoken about his house; I will begin and end;
1 Samuel 3:13. I declared to him that I would punish his house forever for the guilt that he knew how wicked his sons were and did not curb them;
1 Samuel 3:14. and therefore I swear to the house of Eli that the guilt of the house of Eli will never be atoned for by sacrifices or grain offerings.
1 Samuel 3:20. And all Israel from Dan to Beersheba knew that Samuel was worthy to be the prophet of the Lord.
“From Dan,” the northern point of Canaan, to Beersheba, its southern point. The expression “from Dan to Beersheba” in the language of the sacred writers is identical to the expression “all the land of the Israelites,” “all Israel,” “all Israel and Judah” (2 Kings 3:10,6:19,17:11,24:2; 1 Kings 4:25; 1 Chronicles 21:2; 2 Chronicles 30:5).
1 Samuel 3:21. And the Lord continued to appear in Shiloh after He had revealed Himself to Samuel in Shiloh through the word of the Lord. [And all Israel was convinced, from one end to the end of the earth, that Samuel was the prophet of the Lord. Eli became very old, and his sons continued to walk in their wicked ways before the Lord.]
“Samuel is a prophet of the Lord” - a God-chosen and God-inspired proclaimer of the will of the Lord.
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