There was a famine in the country where Jacob lived. Fleeing from starvation, Jacob and his twelve sons moved to Egypt. In Egypt, the Jews multiplied quickly. The Egyptian kings, called pharaohs, fearing that the Jews, having multiplied, would not enslave the Egyptians, planned to destroy this people. When all the measures taken did not help, and the Jews continued to multiply greatly, Pharaoh ordered the killing of all male Hebrew babies. To save His chosen people from destruction by the Egyptians, God sent them a deliverer in the person of Moses. Moses asked Pharaoh to release the Hebrews from Egypt. Since Pharaoh did not voluntarily agree to release the Jews, God sent ten plagues on the Egyptians, of which the most terrible was the last: the beating of all the firstborn of Egypt.
On the night on which this execution was to take place, each owner of a Jewish house had to slaughter a one-year-old lamb (lamb) and anoint the doors of his house with its blood, so that the Angel of God, sent by God to destroy the firstborn of Egypt, would pass by the Jewish houses. The Jews had to eat the slaughtered and baked whole lamb in such a way as not to break its bones. The destroying angel passed by the houses of the Jews and destroyed all the firstborn of Egypt. After this, Pharaoh not only agreed, but also asked Moses to quickly lead the Jews out of Egypt. In memory of this great event, a holiday was established, called by the Jews Passover, which means “passed.” Saved from the hand of Pharaoh, who pursued the Jews with an army, by a miraculous passage through the Red Sea, the Jews, for their repeated disobedience to the will of God, wandered through the Arabian desert for forty years before entering the Promised Land.
Before Moses, people were guided in their lives and activities by natural law, that is, by the law written by God in the heart of man, in other words, by conscience.
When the true knowledge of God began to be obscured among the Jewish people, when evil deeds between people multiplied, the mind and conscience of people became more and more darkened, then, in order to preserve truth and righteousness between people, God was pleased to give people the written law through His chosen one from the Jewish people, Moses. This law was given during the journey of the Jews through the desert, on the way to the land promised by God to their forefathers, on Mount Sinai. The ten main commandments of this law were written by Moses on two stone tablets, or tablets.
For brevity, the Ten Commandments of God are called the Ten Commandments.